Toxicology

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Benfotiamine-Amide is an analog of Benfotiamine, which is a Vitamin B1 analog. Synthetic S-acyl derivative of Thiamine (T344185).<br>References Stracke, H., et al.: Exper. Clin. Endocrinol., Diabetes, 116, 600 (2008), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat., Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxyisofenphos is a stable degredation product of Isofenphos, a soil insecticide.<br>References Felsot, A.: J. Environ. Sci. Health. B, B19, 13 (1984); Hsin, C.Y., Coats, J.R.: Pestic. Biochem. Phys., 25, 336 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Xiaochongliulin is used in methods and formulations for preventing downward migration of agricultural materials.<br>References Essig, Kenneth J., et al.: PCT Int. Appl.,(2020);<br></p>

<p>Applications DL-Lauroylcarnitine Chloride is a permeation enhancer that has been used to enhance the intestinal absorption of salmon calcitonin.<br>References Welling, S.H., et. al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 86, 544 (2014); Song, K., et. al.: J. Control Release, 106, 298 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic, related to sisomicin. Antibacterial.<br>References Miller, G.H., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 10, 827 (1976), Raab, W., et al.: Adv. Clin. Pharmacol., 15, 91 (1978), Noone, P., et al.: Drugs, 27, 548 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydramethylon is an insecticide primarily used in the form of baits for cockroaches and ants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Shi, Y., et al.: Food. Add. Contamin., 28, 1383 (2011); Lawrence, J.M., et al.: Ectoxicol., 20, 731 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Betamethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity D<br>Applications Betamethasone 21-acetate-17-propionate (Betamethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity D) is a related compound of Betamethasone dipropionate (B327005).<br>References Grootveld, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 37, 271 (1988), Chen, B., et al.: Steriods, 74, 30 (2009), Mikami, E., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 28, 261 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pirenoxine, is a medication used in the possible treatment and prevention of cataracts.<br>References Liao, J. H. et al.: Inorganic Chemistry. 50 (1): 365–377.<br></p>

<p>Applications Dabigatran Carboxamide Ethyl Ester is an impurity of Dabigatran Etexilate Mesylate (D100150) which is a nonpeptide, direct thrombin inhibitor.<br>References Hauel, N., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 1757 (2002); Mungall, D., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 3, 095 (2002); Stangier, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 45, 555 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Metriram is a polymeric dithiocarbamic fungicide used in agriculture. Metiram is present as a mixture rather than a complex and is not assigned an ISO name. Metiram is used commonly in the protection of grapevines, apples, tomatoes, potatoes as well as other crops.<br>References Golyshin, N.M&gt; et al.: Khim. Sel. Khoz., 4, 897 (1965); Ross, R.G. et al.: Can. J. Plant Sci., 58, 601 (1978); Newsome, W.H. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 24, 999 (1976);<br></p>

<p>Applications (R)-Quizalofop Ethyl is a post-emergence herbicide for control of grassy weeds in broad-leaved crops. Herbicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Corbett, T., et al.: Cancer Res., 42, 1707 (1982), Branda, R., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 38, 3521 (1989), Corbett, T., et al.: J. Exper. Therap. Oncol., 1, 95 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Carbamazepine (C175840). Used in treatment of pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia. Anticonvulsant.<br>References Stenger, E.G., et al.: Med. Exp., 11, 191 (1964), Pynnonen, S., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 1, 409 (1979), Sidebottom, A., et al.: J. Clin. Pharm. Ther., 20, 31 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications Propoxyphenyl-thiohydroxyhomosildenafil is an analogue of Hydroxythiohomo Sildenafil (H963150).<br>References Balayssac, S., et. al.: J. Pharmaceut. Biomed., 63, 135 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications Antiepileptic, structurally similar to meprobamate.<br>References Swinyard, E.A., et al.: Epilepsia, 27, 27 (1986), Remmel, R.P., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 12, 90 (1990), Sofia, R.D., et al.: Epilepsy Res. Suppl., 3, 103 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications A new indicator for the determination of organic acid anhydrides by the morpholine method.<br>References Ruch, J.E., et al.: Anal. Chem., 47, 2057 (1975),<br></p>

<p>Applications Anesthetic (intravenous). Controlled substance (depressant).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Chen, G., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 127, 241 (1959), Bailey, K., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 28, 713 (1976), Balster, R.L., J. Psychedelic Drugs., 10115 (1978), Johnson, K.M., et al.: Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 30, 707 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxy Tyrosol 3-Sulphate is a metabolite of Hydroxy Tyrosol (H977000).<br>References Owen, R., et al.: Eur. J. Cancer., 36, 1235 (2000), Bakalbassis, E., et al.: Lipids, 36, 181 (2001), Nenadis, N., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 1874 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-carbamoylformimidamide Tritosulfuron is a metabolite of Tritosulfuron (T886903) is a sulfonylurea herbicide found in in ground, surface and wastewater.<br>References Fenoll, J., et al.: Talanta, 101, 273 (2012); Huntscha, S., et al.: J. Chromatogr. A, 1268, 74 (2012); Reemtsma, T., et al.: Water Res., 47, 5535 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications One of the bioactive forms of Riboflavin. Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, leafy vegetables. Richest natural source is yeast. Minute amounts present in all plant and animal cells. Vitamin (enzyme cofactor).<br>References Unna, K., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 76, 75 (1942), Rivlin, et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 283, 463 (1970), Al-Shammary, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 19, 429 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Glycocholic Acid Sodium Salt is a biochemical formed by the conjugation of cholic acid (C432600) with glycine (G615990).<br>References Monalisa, M., et al.: Langmuir, 27 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Hydroxyatorvastatin is a hydroxylated metabolite of Atorvastatin, a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is the only drug in its class specfically indicated for lowering both elevated LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia.<br>References Smith, S. et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 80, 10H (1997); Jacobsen, W. et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 28, 1369 (2000); Istvan, E. et al.: Science, 292, 1160 (2001); Tabernero, L. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 19933 (2003); Bratton, L. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15, 5576 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Temozolomide, an antineoplastic.<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyclofenil is a weak nonsteroidal estrogen with ovulation induction properties. Mammalian hormone.<br>References Miquel, et al.: J. Med. Chem., 6, 774 (1963),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dialifos is an organophosphorus pesticide. It is extremely poisonous.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Cortisone (C696500).<br>References Mashkovskii, M., et al.: Med. Agents, 2, 34 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Isopropylnaphthalene has been seen to likely act as CYP2F2 substrates through molecular modelling of the mouse cytochrome P450 CYP2F2.<br>References Lewis, D.F.V., et. al.: Drug Metab. and Drug Interact., 19, 97 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications Prynachlor is a chloroacetanilide herbicide used in agriculture.<br>References Oosterhuis, B., et al.: Toxicology, 248, 45 (2008), Liu, B., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 2673 (2010), Jablonkai, I., et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 59, 443 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications An alpha agonist, causing constriction of conjunctival blood vessels. Used in over-the-counter eye drops, this compound relieves the redness left by ocular irritants.<br>References Marrero-Ponce, Y., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 13, 2881 (2005), Sandri, G., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 62, 59 (2006), Rosenthal, R., et al.: J. Ocular Pharmacol. Ther., 22, 440 (2007), Sabio, S., et al.: J. App. Oral Sci., 16, 280 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Used as an antihypertensive.This compound is very unstable in solution and will hydrolyze readily to give benazapril.<br></p>

<p>Applications Flupyradifurone (F598615), the unlabelled version of Flupyradifurone-d5, can be used as an insecticide.<br>References Anon, IP.com J., 12, 19 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications Amfenac is an antibacterial agent for the treatment of otitis externa.<br>References Sofia, R.D., et al.: Pharmacol. Res. Communications, 11, 179 (1979),<br></p>

<p>Applications Thifensulfuron-methyl is a sulfonylurea herbicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zhuang, Q-K., et al.: Huanjing Yu Jiankang Zazhi, 32, 621-623 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Beclomethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity H<br>Applications Beclomethasone 17-Propionate (Beclomethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity H) is an active metabolite of Beclomethasone Dipropionate (BDP).<br>References Soria, I., et al.: Biopharm. Drug Dispos., 19, 297 (1998), Harrison, L., et al., J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 51, 1235 (1999), Daley-Yates, P., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharm., 51, 400 (2001).<br></p>

<p>Applications Acts on certain olfactory receptor cell types to reduce the activating or attracting effect of odor sources.Insect repellent.<br>References Boeckh, J., et al.: Pestic. Sci., 48, 359 (1996), Yap, H.H., et al.: J. Vector Ecol., 23, 62 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications cis-1-(3-Chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantantane Chloride is a quaternary ammonium salt used as a preservative in many cosmetics and industrial substances.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Marouchoc, S.: Cosm. Sci. Technol. Series, 1, 143 (1984); Cheng, J., et al.: J. Toxicol. Cutan. Ocul. Toxicol., 14, 287 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications Xanthine derivative with diuretic, cardiac stimulant and smooth muscle relaxant activities; isomeric with theobromine. Small amounts occur in tea. Bronchodilator.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Cohen, J.L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 466 (1975), Svedmyr, K., et al.: Allergy, 37, 111 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications α-Propyl-α-(1-demethylethyl)-Verapamil is an impurity of Verapamil (V125000, HCl salt) which is a calcium channel blocker.<br>References Atlas, D, and Adler, M.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 78, 1237 (1981), Janis, R., et al.: Adv. Drug. Res., 16, 309 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications rac-Cotinine-d3 N-β-D-Glucuronide is a labelled racemic analogue of Cotinine N-β-D-Glucuronide (C725175), a major metabolite of Nicotine (N412420) in humans. Carcinogen.<br>References Benowitz, N., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 56, 483 (1994), Nakajima, M., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 24, 1212 (1996), Messina, E., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 282, 1608 (1997), Oscarson, M., et al.: Hum. Mutat., 20, 275 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications MCPA-L-carnitine is a derivative of L-Carnitine (C184110); an essential cofactor of fatty acid metabolism required for the transport of fatty acids through the inner mitochondrial membrane.<br>References Mitchell, M.E., et al.: Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 31, 293 (1978); Lango, R., et al.: Cardiovasc. Res., 51, 21 (2001); Vaz, F.M., et al.: Biochem. J., et al.: 361, 417 (2002); Karlic, H., et al.: Nutrition, 20, 709 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Atorvastatin, a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is the only drug in its class specfically indicated for lowering both elevated LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia.<br>References Smith, S., et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 80, 10H (1997), Jacobsen, W., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 28, 1369 (2000), Istvan, E., et al.: Science, 292, 1160 (2001), Tabernero, L., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 19933 (2003), Bratton, L., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15, 5576 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Spinetoram L is an impurity of Spinetoram (S683650), Spinetoram belongs to spinosyn family of insecticides and shows potential of natural products research.<br>References Kirst H. A.: J. Antibiot., 63, 101-111 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Lysine Clonixinate is a non-morphinic andalgesic.<br>References Krymchantowski, A., et al.: Curr. Ther. Res., 64, 505 (2003), Di Girolamo, G., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 141, 1234 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Maytansine inhibits in vitro polymerization of tubulin and is used in the treatment of advanced breast cancer.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Remillard, S., et. al.: Science, 189, 1002 (1975); Prota, A.E., et. al.: P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 111, 13817 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Piperonyl Butoxide-d9 is a deuterated analog of Piperonyl Butoxide an Insecticide synergist, especially for pyrethroids and rotenone. Also used in Cannabis testing.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Jiang, W., et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 103, 1365 (2010), Markussen, M., et al.: Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 98, 50 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications A prototypical BCRP inhibitor. Inhibits the Bcrp1-mediated transport.<br>References Neville, K., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 10, 2525 (2004), Reardon, D., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol. 23, 9359 (2005), Pan, G., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 35, 1165 (2007).<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Naphthylacetyl Spermine Trihydrochloride is a poliamine amide as potent Spermidine uptake inhibitor.<br>References Li, Y., et al.: Cancer Res., 57, 234 (1997), Muller, T., et al.: Science, 256, 1563 (1992), Hironaka, K., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 275, 16167 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications: Used as agricultural fungicide.<br>Dangerous Goods Info: Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Levinskas, G.J., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 3, 127 (1961), Ross, R.G., et al.: Can. J. Plant Sci., 49, 655 (1969),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Verapamil EP Impurity J HCl<br>Applications Nor Verapamil Hydrochloride (Verapamil EP Impurity J HCl) is a metabolite of Verapamil.<br>References Mutlib, A.E., et al.: The Journal of Pharm. &amp; Exp. Therapeutics, 252, 2, 593 (1989)<br></p>

<p>Applications Bisphenol A-d8 is the labeled analogue of Bisphenol A (B519495), a monomer used for policarbonate and epoxy resins; exhibits estrogenic activity. BPA is also used as a building block in polycarbonate bottles and in the epoxy-resin liners of metal cans.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Krishnan, A.V., et al.: Endocrinology, 132, 2279 (1993); Steinmetz, R., et al.: Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 9, 124 (1998); Petersen, H., et al.: Eur. Food Res. Technol., 216, 355 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ophthalmic anticholinergic. Mydriatic.<br>References Blessel, K.W., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 3, 565 (1974), Krapivinsky, G., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 270, 29059 (1995), Bedingfield, J., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 309, 71 (1996), Jin, W., et al.: Biochemistry, 38, 14294 (1999), Kew, J., et al.: Pharmacol. Ther., 104, 233 ( 2004), Bertaso, F., et al.: J. Neurochem., 99, 288 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Impurity USP Azithromycin Related Impurity H /Azithromycin EP Impurity H<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 3'-N-[[4-(acetylamino)phenyl]sulfonyl]-3'-N-demethyl Azithromycin is an impurity of Azithromycin (A927000).<br>References Debremaeker, D. et al.: Rap. Comm. Mass. Spec., 17, 342 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Isotope labelled Aztreonam (A965200), the first totally synthetic monocyclic β-lactam antibiotic.<br>References Sykes, R.B., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 21, 85 (1982), Florey, K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 17, 1 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Applications Abiraterone is a steroidal cytochrome P 450 17α-hydroxylase-17,20-lyase inhibitor (CYP17), is currently undergoing phase II clinical trials as a potential drug for the treatment of androgen-dependent prostate cancer.<br>References Denis, L., et al.: Cancer, 72, 3888 (1993); Potter, G.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 2463 (1995); Denmeade, S., et al.: Nat. Rev., 2, 389 (2002); Scher, H., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 23, 8253 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Sulfadoxine (S699070). Used as an antibacterial.<br>References Kapoor, V.K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 17, 571 (1988)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methoxypropene is used in the synthesis of Macrolactin A, a 24-member macrolide typically employed as an antibiotic. Also used in the synthesis of phenylalanine derivatives used as α4β1 and α4β7 receptor antagonists in the treatment of allergic asthma.<br>References Marino, K. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 12, 1664, (2002); Tilley, J. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 23, 1036 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Cefixime (C242800). Orally active, third generation cephalosporin antibiotic.<br>References Kamimura, T., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 25, 98 (1984),Yamanaka, H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 38, 1738 (1985), Guay, D.R.P., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 30, 485 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorobenzeneamine-13C6,is the labeled analogue of 2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorobenzeneamine (P237925), which is a chemical in pesticides used to protect crops from various fungus and bacterium.<br>References Gartrell, M. et al.: J. Aossoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 68, 1163 (1985); Renner, G. et al.: App. Env. Microbio. 46, 765 (1983);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Semisynthetic antibiotic. Antibacerial (tuberculostatic).<br>References Furesz, et al.: Antibiot. Chemother., 16, 316 (1970), Gallo, G.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 5, 467 (1976),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Roxithromycin (R700850) structurally related substance in bulk samples. Roxithromycin impurity.<br>References Gasc, J., et al.: J. Antibiot., 44, 313 (1991, Chepkwony, H., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 914, 53 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Phenylhydroquinone (cas# 1079-21-6) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Drotaverine (D689700).<br>References Lalla, J.K., et al.: J. Pharma. Biomed. Anal., 11, 385 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxantel Pamoate is used as an anthelmintic drug.<br>References Reitzer, L., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 1979, 254, 2669 (1979), Huber, R., et al.: J. Neurosci. Res., 75, 441 (2004), Kim, J., et al.: Cell Metab. 3, 177 (2006), Bonnet, S., et al.: Cancer Cell., 11, 37 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Triflumizole is an conazole fungicide is an imidazole fungicide used on many food and ornamental crops.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Haralson, J.C., et al.: Crop. Protect., 44, 1 (2013); Leroux, P., et al.: Pest. Manage. Sci., 69, 15 (2013);<br></p>