Antibiotics

Nisin A: a lantibiotic peptide made by L. lactis, contains unique amino acids like lanthionine, and fights bacteria.

Neomycin sulfate (Framycin sulfate) is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic that blocks the synthesis of bacterial proteins in order to exert

<p>Applications Telocinobufagin is isolated as a major component from skin secretion of the toad Bufo rubescens. Telocinobufogenin is a novel antibiotic cardiotonic.<br>References Akizawa, T., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 42, 754 (1994); Hancock, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 43, 1317 (1999); Jing, Y., et al.: J. Cancer Res., 85, 645 (1994); Kamano, Y., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 5440 (2002); Schoner, W., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 269, 2440 (2002); Cunha Filho, G., et al.: Toxicon, 45, 777 (2005)<br></p>

Polyoxin B is an antifungal peptidyl nucleoside antibiotic that inhibits fungal cell wall biosynthesis.

Ceftazidime Pentahydrate is a cephalosporin antibiotic with activity against gram-negative bacilli and may be used to study infectious diseases.

Tirilazad mesylate (U 74006F) is a lipid peroxidation inhibitor with antiviral activity.Tirilazad mesylate is used in the study of neurological disorders.

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 4-Hydroxychlorpropham Sulfate Sodium Salt, is a chemical herbicide used in the protection of crops. It also maintains the ability to induce mitochondrial dysfunction in rat hepatocytes.<br>References EPA.: Fed. Reg., 72, 37646 (2007); Nakagawa, Y. et al.: Toxicol., 200, 123 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications Streptidine, is a metabolite derivative of Streptomycin (S687500), an antibiotic (antimycobacterial) drug, used for patients suffering from tuberculosis or other infectious diseases.<br>References Granados, O., et al.: Histology and Histopathology, 20(2), 357 (2005);<br></p>

Sulfaquinoxaline (Sulfabenzpyrazine) is an antiprotozoal agent.

<p>Leucomycin A3 is a macrolide antibiotic with a mode of action that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. It is used for treating bacterial infections and has shown potential antiviral activity.</p>

Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is effective against a variety of bacterial infections. It is a polyketide antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes and preventing the attachment of amino acids to tRNA molecules thus inhibiting bacterial growth.

<p>Flucloxacillin sodium is a beta-lactam antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating skin, bone, and respiratory infections.</p>

Antibiotic; binds bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis

<p>Bleomycin A5 inhibits DNA replication and repair. It also cleaves RNA in vitro and in vivo, and exhibits anticancer activity. It is used for various types of cancer such as squamous cell cancers, melanoma, sarcoma, testicular and ovarian cancer, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.</p>

<p>Rifaximin is a rifamycin antibiotic with action on bacterial RNA polymerase to inhibit transcription and is used for treating travelers' diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, and hepatic encephalopathy.</p>

<p>Amphotericin B is a macrocycle antibiotic first isolated from Streptomyces nodosus. Its antifungal activity is exerted by interacting with the fungal membrane, mainly ergosterol, and inducing pore formation. The increase in membrane permeability causes loss of ions and cell death. The C-2’ hydroxyl residue of the mycosamine carbohydrate moiety in the structure seems to have a major role in binding to ergosterol. It is used in cell culture to prevent growth of microbial contaminants, such as yeast and fungi. It is recommended by the WHO and CDC as an antifungal component for VTM at a concentration of 250ug/ml.</p>

<p>Nalidixic acid is a quinolone antibiotic with action on bacterial DNA gyrase to inhibit DNA replication and is used for treating urinary tract infections caused by gram-negative bacteria.</p>

Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic that binds to the bacterial ribosome and inhibits protein synthesis. It is used to treat a wide range of infections, including urinary tract infections and its common causes such as E. coli, Citrobacter and Enterococcus.

<p>Teicoplanin is related to vancomycin and has similar effects against gram-positive bacteria and anaerobes, and usually requires less frequent administration than vancomycin, but it is less efficient against S. haemolyticus. Due its size and polarity, teicoplanin can’t pass through the membrane of gram-negative bacteria thus it is not active against them. It is used to treat severe infections such as septicemia, endocarditis, bone and joint infections.</p>

Cefoxitin EP Impurity F is a pharmaceutical reference impurity, which is a derivative of the cefoxitin antibiotic. This impurity arises from the degradation or synthesis processes related to cefoxitin, a semi-synthetic, beta-lactam antibiotic of the cephamycin group. The mode of action of cefoxitin involves interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins, ultimately leading to cell lysis and death.

<p>Capastat sulfate is an antibiotic with action against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by inhibiting protein synthesis and is used for treating tuberculosis.</p>

<p>Binds cyclophilin D and inhibits calcineurin; immunosuppressant</p>

<p>Netilmicin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action on bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit and is used for treating severe bacterial infections.</p>

Gentamycin sulphate is the salt form of the broad-spectrum antibiotic gentamycin (a.k.a. gentamicin). Gentamycin is active against clinically relevant bacteria, such as: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, and is used to fight infections from Staphylococcus, Citrobacter and Enterobacteriaceae species. Gentamycin is a natural mixture of four congeners, one of which is gentamicin C2a. Gentamycin has been included in biomedical implantable materials, such as, bone grafts, to reduce the risk of infection.

Tebuconazole is a triazole fungicide with action on fungal cell membranes by inhibiting ergosterol biosynthesis and is used for controlling fungal diseases in crops like cereals and vegetables.

Tigecycline Impurity 8 is a chemical impurity associated with Tigecycline, which is a glycylcycline antibiotic. This impurity is typically synthesized or isolated as a part of pharmaceutical development and quality control processes. Its source is inherently linked to the chemical synthesis of Tigecycline, where it may arise as a byproduct or degradation product.

<p>Ethambutol is an antimicrobial compound, specifically an antitubercular agent, which is a synthetic derivative of ethylenediamine. It is classified as a bacteriostatic agent that primarily targets Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mode of action of Ethambutol involves the inhibition of arabinosyl transferases, enzymes essential for the polymerization of arabinogalactan, a critical component of the mycobacterial cell wall. By disrupting cell wall biosynthesis, Ethambutol effectively hampers the growth and proliferation of the bacteria.</p>

<p>Neospiramycin I is a macrolide antibiotic with action on bacterial ribosomes to inhibit protein synthesis and is used for treating bacterial infections in research applications.</p>

<p>A broad-spectrum antibiotic of macrolide class, which targets 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits protein synthesis. Erythromycin is widely used in molecular biology and biotechnology as a selection marker. Erythromycin is also an agonist of the motilin receptor, and it has prokinetic activity on the gut.</p>

<p>Enoxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with action on bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV and is used for treating urinary tract infections and gonorrhea.</p>

<p>Dihydrostreptomycin sesquisulfate, EP is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, structurally derived from Streptomyces griseus. This compound originates from microbial biosynthesis, a method which harnesses the natural antibiotic-producing capabilities of microbial cultures. The mode of action of dihydrostreptomycin sesquisulfate involves binding to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, which interrupts the process of protein synthesis, ultimately leading to bacterial cell death.</p>

Actinomycin D is an antibiotic commonly used in chemotherapy for cancer treatment, such as sarcomas, and pediatric solid tumors, Wilm’s tumor, testicular cancer, and choriocarcinoma; it is generally not very useful in antibiotic therapy. It acts as a transcription inhibitor, binding to DNA duplexes at the transcription initiation complex and preventing RNA polymerase elongation.

<p>Anhydrooxytetracycline hydrochloride is a useful research chemical. Buy Anhydrooxytetracycline hydrochloride from Cymit Quimica for a variety of research applications.</p>

Streptomycin sulfate is an antibiotic that inhibits the growth of bacteria by binding to the ribosomal subunit and interfering with protein synthesis. It is used in culture media for the production of human antibodies as well as in drug therapy for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus. Streptomycin sulfate has a high specific activity and low sensitivity, but it also has a low solubility in water. The active form of streptomycin sulfate is streptomycin A, which is produced by the addition of a phenyl ring to neomycin sulfate. In plant roots, streptomycin sulfate inhibits cyanogenic glycosides from being hydrolyzed into hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and benzaldehyde.

<p>Gentamicin C1a pentaacetate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic derivative, which is synthesized through the acetylation of the hydroxyl groups in gentamicin C1a. This compound is derived from the fermentation products of Micromonospora species, a genus of actinobacteria. Its mode of action is similar to that of standard aminoglycosides, primarily involving the binding to bacterial 30S ribosomal subunits. This binding interferes with protein synthesis by causing misreading of mRNA, ultimately leading to the inhibition of protein production and bacterial cell death.</p>

<p>4'-Epidaunorubicin hydrochloride is an anthracycline antibiotic derivative, which is synthesized from modifications of natural products. It functions as a topoisomerase II inhibitor, which intercalates into DNA strands and disrupts replication and transcription, thereby inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. This compound is primarily utilized in the field of oncology for its potent anti-tumor activities. By forming stable complexes with DNA and topoisomerase II, 4'-Epidaunorubicin hydrochloride induces breaks in the DNA strands, leading to apoptosis of cancer cells. It is often used in treatment protocols for various malignancies, including leukemia and solid tumors. While highly effective, its administration is carefully managed to mitigate potential cardiotoxicity, a common attribute of anthracycline drugs. Research continues to explore its full potential and optimize delivery methods to enhance its therapeutic index.</p>

<p>Cinoxacin is a quinolone antibiotic with action on bacterial DNA synthesis inhibition and is used for treating urinary tract infections.</p>

<p>Daunorubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic and antineoplastic agent that is used in the treatment of a variety of cancers such as nonlymphocytic leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia. The drug binds to DNA and inhibits transcription by intercalating between DNA base pairs and affecting the activity of the topoisomerase II enzyme and thus the gene expression. This results in apoptosis, mitochondrial injury, and finally cell death.</p>

<p>Valinomycin is an ionophore antibiotic with action on potassium ion transport across cell membranes and is used for research on ion transport and as an antimicrobial agent.</p>

<p>Antibiotic of penicillin class; inhibits bacterial cell wall biogenesis</p>

<p>Erythromycin stearate is a macrolide antibiotic with action on bacterial protein synthesis inhibition and is used for treating respiratory tract infections, skin infections, and sexually transmitted infections.</p>

<p>A fluoroquinolone antibiotic which inhibits nucleic acid synthesis by targeting the DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. This second-generation fluoroquinolone has a broad spectrum of action and is more effective against Gram-negative bacteria.</p>

<p>Enduracidin hydrochloride is an antimicrobial compound, which is a lipopeptide antibiotic derived from the genus Streptomyces, specifically Streptomyces fungicidicus or Streptomyces roseosporus. The compound exerts its antimicrobial activity by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, primarily targeting the lipid II cycle, a critical precursor in the peptidoglycan synthesis pathway. This inhibition disrupts the construction of peptidoglycan layers, ultimately leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.</p>

Labeled analogue of Chloramphenicol; interferes with protein synthesis

<p>Torezolid (Tedizolid) is an oxazolidinone antibiotic with action on bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit and is used for treating acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections.</p>

Broad-spectrum antibiotic; bacterial cell wall biogenesis inhibitor

Mezlocillin is a ureidopenicillin antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating gram-negative and anaerobic bacterial infections.

<p>Cefpodoxime proxetil is a prodrug of cefpodoxime with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating bacterial infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and gonorrhea.</p>

<p>Chlorotetracycline monohydrochloride is an antibiotic compound specifically designed for culture media use. It is derived from a naturally occurring tetracycline produced by the bacterium *Streptomyces aureofaciens*. As a broad-spectrum antibiotic, chlorotetracycline functions by inhibiting protein synthesis in susceptible bacteria. It binds to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, blocking the attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosomal acceptor site, which effectively halts translational elongation.</p>