Steroids

Betamethasone is a synthetic corticosteroid, which is an analogue of a glucocorticoid sourced from adrenal cortex hormones. Its mode of action involves modulating the immune response by inhibiting the release of substances in the body that cause inflammation. This is achieved through its binding affinity to glucocorticoid receptors, leading to transcriptional changes that suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine production and other mediators of inflammation.

Dioscin is a steroidal saponin, which is a naturally occurring compound found in various plants, notably in species such as Dioscorea nipponica and Dioscorea zingiberensis. These plants belong to the yam family, which are well-regarded for their medicinal properties. The mode of action of dioscin involves modulation of various biochemical pathways, including the suppression of inflammatory cytokines and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. Additionally, dioscin has been shown to promote apoptosis in cancer cells through the activation of caspases and disruption of mitochondrial function.

Formononetin is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is a type of phytoestrogen found predominantly in legumes like red clover and other related plant species. It is a secondary metabolite that influences various biological processes by interacting with estrogen receptors. Formononetin acts primarily by mimicking or modulating the activity of natural estrogens within the body, binding to estrogen receptors and influencing gene expression and cellular responses.

Brassicasterol is a phytosterol, which is synthesized by various plant sources, particularly found in the seeds of plants such as rapeseed, mustard, and some algae. As a sterol, it is structurally similar to cholesterol but differs by having a methyl group at C24. This characteristic structure plays a vital role in its mode of action, modulating membrane fluidity and cell signaling pathways in organisms. In mammalian systems, brassicasterol may contribute to the reduction of cholesterol absorption by competing for incorporation into micelles, thus influencing metabolic pathways related to lipid processing and absorption.

9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-trien-3beta-ol is a secosteroid compound, which is predominantly derived from the photochemical conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin upon exposure to ultraviolet B radiation. This compound undergoes a series of hepatic and renal hydroxylations to form active vitamin D metabolites, such as calcitriol. These active forms modulate calcium and phosphate homeostasis through a nuclear receptor-mediated mechanism that governs gene expression relevant to mineral metabolism.

Polyphyllin B (Formosanin C) is a natural saponin compound, which is derived from the rhizomes of plants in the genus Paris, particularly Paris polyphylla. Known for its biological activity, Polyphyllin B functions primarily by disrupting cellular membranes and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells through various signaling pathways, including the mitochondrial pathway. This mechanism is attributed to its ability to interfere with cancer cell proliferation and promote cell death, making it a compound of interest in oncological research.

Applications 4,4,4-Trimethoxybutanoic Acid Methyl Ester is an substituent in the synthesis of Methyl Prednisolone (M325934).
References Ueno, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 34, 2468 (1991);

Halcinonide is a potent topical corticosteroid, which is a synthetically derived compound from hydrocortisone. It operates by penetrating the cell membranes and binding to cytoplasmic receptors, leading to a subsequent translocation to the nucleus where it modulates genetic expression. This action results in diminished synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby exerting strong anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive effects.

Applications 5alpha-Pregnan-3,20-dione-2,2,4,4,17alpha,21,21,21-d8 is a useful isotopically labeled compound of (5α)-Pregnane-3,20-dione (P705150)

Applications 10β-Hydroperoxy Norethindrone Acetate is a derivative of Norethindrone (N676000), a progesterone in combination with acetate used as an oral contraceptive (1,2). It is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.
References 1. Shroff, A. et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subst. 1975 ; 4;268-293;

Applications The minor metabolite of Deflazacort.
References Bernareggi, A., et al.: J. Pharma. Biomed. Anal., 5, 177-81 (1987), Assandri, A., et al.: Xenobiotica, 13(3), 185 (1983), Martinelli, E., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 7, 335 (1979),

Applications 3β-Hydroxy Progesterone is a biotransformation product of Progesterone (P755900), by Chlorella spp. Progesterone is a steroid hormone produced by the corpus luteum. Induces maturation and secretory activity of the uterine endothelium; suppresses ovulation. Progesterone is implicated in the etiology of breast cancer
References Pollio, A., et al.: Phytochem., 42, 685 (1996); Anderson, E., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 4, 197 (2002); Lanari, C., et al.: Breast Cancer Res., 4, 240 (2002); Albrecht, E.D., et al.: Front. Biosci., 8, 416 (2003); Qiu, M., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 85, 147 (2003);

Applications 11,12-Dehydroxy-Betamethasone is an impurity of the steroid Betamethasone (B327000) which is a glucocorticoid used as an anti-inflammatory agent.
References Ferrante, M.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 6, 43 (1977), Li, A., et al.: Chem. Biol. Interact., 142, 7 (2002), Cruz-Monteagudo, M., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 40, 1030 (2005), Rothfuss, A., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 19, 1313 (2006),

Applications 4-Androsten-17alpha-ol-3-one-2,2,4,6,6-d5 (CAS# 165195-35-7) is a useful isotopically labeled research compound.

Applications 1,4-Pregnadien-6alpha-methyl-11beta,17alpha,21-triol-3,20-dione-21,21-d2 is a useful isotopically labeled compound of 6α-Methyl Prednisolone (M325934)

Impurity Beclomethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity I
Applications (16β)-16-Methyl-17,21-bis(1-oxopropoxy)pregna-1,4,9(11)-triene-3,20-dione (Beclomethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity I) is an impurity of Beclomethasone (B131000), a glucocorticoid. Used in chronic asthma and allergic rhinitis. Antiallergic, antiasthmatic (inhalant). Anti-inflammatory (topical).
References Malfitan, V.A., et al.: Clin. Ther., 4, 472 (1982), Rao, M., et al.: J. Asthma, 19, 21 (1982), Small, P., et al.: Ann. Allergy, 49, 127 (1982), Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 28, 99 (1984),

Impurity Beclometasone Dipropionate EP Impurity C
Applications An impurity of Beclomethasone Dipropionate (B131030).

Applications 6β-Hydroxy Betamethasone can be used as analyte in analytical study for detecting betamethasone metabolites in human urine using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry.
References Matabosch, X., et al.: Drug Testing and Analysis, 7, 663-672 (2015)

Applications Prostanozol (P838700) derivative.

Applications Δ6-Gestodene, is an impurity of Gestodene (G368250), an orally active gestogen with progesterone-like profile of activity. Used in combination with estrogen as oral contraceptive.
References Duesterberg, B., et al.: Contraception, 24, 673 (1981); Duesterberg, B., et al.: Seroids, 43, 43 (1984); Losert, W., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 35, 459 (1985);

Applications 2-Hydroxyestrone-3-methyl Ether is an estrogen metabolite which can be used as a biomarker to determine cancer risks and metabolic diseases.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Schairer, C., et al.: Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 25, 105 (2016); Li, X., et al.: Steroids, 99, 84 (2015)

Applications 1,4-Androstadien-17alpha-methyl-17beta-ol-3-one-2,4,6alpha-d3 is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Methandrostenolone (M226000)

Applications 17beta-Dihydroequilin-2,4,16,16,17-d5 is a useful isotopically labeled compound of 17β-Dihydro Equilin (D449130)

Impurity Fulvestrant Impurity E;
Applications Fulvestrant (F862500) impurity E.

Applications Steroidal fused pyrazoles useful as bile acid transporters.
References Bhat, L. et al.; Bioorgan. Med. Chem. 15, 85 (2005)

Applications 20β-Dihydro Pregnenolone is a metabolite of Pregnenolone (P712200).
References Purdy, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 33, 1572 (1990), Bixo, M., et al.: Brain Res., 764, 173 (1997), Huang, X., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 275, 29452 (2000),

Applications 17α-Boldenone (B675105) derivative.

Applications Tauro 6-Ethlchenodeoxycholic Acid Sodium Salt can be otained from 6-Ethylchenodeoxycholic Acid (E899810) which is a derivative of the bile acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid (C291900). 6-Ethylchenodeoxycholic Acid (E899810) is a potent activator of the farnesoid X nuclear receptor which reduces liver fat and fibrosis in animal models of fatty liver disease.
References Neuschwander-Tetri, B.A., et al.: Lancet., 385, 956 (2015)

Applications 21-Acyloxycorticosteroid derivative. Antiinflammatory.
References Ko, D. et al.; Steroids 67, 211 (2002)