Flavonoids

6-Methoxy-3,5,7,4'-tetrahydroxyflavone is a natural flavonoid derivative, which is primarily sourced from various plants known for their high polyphenolic content. It plays a significant role in the plant's defense mechanism due to its ability to scavenge free radicals and protect against oxidative stress. This compound exerts its mode of action through its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities, primarily by modulating signaling pathways and inhibiting the activity of enzymes involved in inflammation.

7-Benzyloxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavone is a synthetic isoflavone derivative, which is a specialized compound designed for research and potential pharmacological applications. Isoflavones are naturally occurring compounds found predominantly in plants like soybeans and are studied for their biological activities. This particular compound is synthetically modified with methoxy groups, enhancing its stability and bioavailability.

7-Hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxyflavanone is a naturally occurring flavanone, which is a subcategory of flavonoids commonly found in various plants. This compound is derived from plant sources, often isolated during phytochemical studies examining the secondary metabolites produced by flora. The mode of action of 7-Hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxyflavanone involves modulating various biochemical pathways, potentially influencing enzymatic activity and signal transduction mechanisms. This flavanone has garnered scientific interest due to its reported bioactive properties, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Uses and applications of 7-Hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxyflavanone are primarily in research settings, where it is utilized to explore its potential therapeutic benefits. Scientists investigate its efficacy in cell culture and animal models to better understand its effects on human health. Research is ongoing to assess its potential applications in developing nutraceuticals or pharmaceuticals, particularly in areas concerning oxidative stress and inflammation-related disorders. The exploration of its pharmacokinetic properties, safety profile, and bioavailability remains an active area of scientific inquiry.

5,7-Dihydroxy-3',4',5'-trimethoxyflavanone is a flavanone compound, which is a type of polyphenolic compound found predominantly in the plant kingdom. This compound can be sourced from various plants, where it often occurs as part of the natural defense mechanisms to protect the organism from environmental stressors.

Flavanone hydrazone (FH) is a natural compound that has been found to have antiviral activity against a number of viruses, including the papilloma virus and picornavirus. The antiviral activity of FH is due to its ability to inhibit the shikimate pathway, which is required for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids from chorismate. This inhibition prevents the production of viral proteins, leading to cell death. FH also has an inhibitory effect on hepatitis C virus and leukoplakia by inhibiting fatty acid synthesis. It may also be used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis.

A cytotoxic biflavonoid from Toxicodendron succedaneum, Juniperus sp., and Chamaecyparis obtusa (hinoki).

Alpinumisoflavone is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is derived from plants, particularly those in the Leguminosae family. Structurally, isoflavones are a class of phytoestrogens, plant-derived compounds with estrogenic activity. Alpinumisoflavone exerts its effects primarily through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. It modulates key signaling pathways by interacting with cellular components to reduce oxidative stress and inhibit inflammatory responses, making it a valuable compound in studying cellular protection mechanisms.

Velutin is a natural flavonoid, which is derived from the leaves of certain plant species, specifically from the Asteraceae family. This compound demonstrates a unique mode of action by modulating various signaling pathways involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. Velutin effectively inhibits the activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, contributing to its anti-inflammatory properties.

Inhibitor of HSP70 and HSP27 expression

Isoscutellarein is a flavonoid compound, which is naturally derived from various plant sources, including herbs and certain vegetables. It functions primarily as an antioxidant, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress within biological systems. This activity is attributed to its ability to donate hydrogen atoms or electrons, thus stabilizing reactive oxygen species (ROS).

5-Hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavanone is a naturally occurring flavanone, which is typically sourced from various plant species known for their bioactive compounds. This compound falls under the category of flavonoids and exhibits distinct structural features that contribute to its biochemical activities. The source plants for this flavanone are often part of traditional medicinal systems, owing to their rich profile of secondary metabolites.

7-Hydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxyisoflavone is a synthetic isoflavone, which is derived from the structural modification of natural isoflavones found in various plants, such as soybeans and other legumes. It exerts its biological activity primarily through its interaction with cellular signaling pathways related to oxidative stress and inflammation. This compound functions by modulating enzyme activity, influencing the expression of genes involved in antioxidant defenses, and suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines.

5,7,3'-Trihydroxyflavone is a flavonoid compound, which is a type of polyphenolic molecule found in plants. This compound is derived from various plant sources such as fruits, vegetables, and certain herbs, where it naturally occurs as part of the plant's secondary metabolites. It exhibits several biochemical actions, predominantly due to its antioxidant properties. This involves scavenging free radicals and chelating metal ions, which contribute to oxidative stress reduction. Additionally, it may influence various signaling pathways related to cell survival and inflammation.

Kaempferol 6-C-glucoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is a natural compound found in various plant sources, particularly in leaves and fruits. It is a type of C-glycosyl flavonoid, where the glucose moiety is bound directly to the carbon atom of the flavonoid skeleton, differentiating it from the more common O-glycosides.

Ipriflavone analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

Prunetin analytical standard provided with chromatographic purity, to be used as reference material for qualitative determination.

Hispidulin analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Hispidulin-7-O-glucoside analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Nepetin-7-O-glucoside analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Iriskashmirianin is a naturally occurring flavonoid derivative, which is isolated from specific plant sources. It belongs to the broader class of flavonoids, compounds known for their bioactive properties. The mode of action of Iriskashmirianin involves its interaction with cellular pathways, where it functions primarily as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. It neutralizes free radicals and modulates inflammatory responses by influencing various signaling pathways at the molecular level.

3,7,8,3',4'-Pentahydroxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid, which is commonly found in plants and contributes to their defensive mechanisms. This compound is sourced from a variety of plant materials, where it acts as a potent antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting oxidative stress pathways.

3'-Hydroxy-3,5,7,8,4'-pentamethoxyflavone is a specialized flavonoid compound, which is typically derived from various plant sources. This compound is part of the flavone subclass of flavonoids, known for their wide presence in the plant kingdom, contributing to the plant's pigmentation and offering various physiological benefits. The mode of action for 3'-Hydroxy-3,5,7,8,4'-pentamethoxyflavone primarily involves antioxidant activity, where it functions to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress within biological systems. This property is crucial in mitigating cellular damage, thus playing a role in the prevention of various degenerative diseases.

7,2'-Dihydroxy-4',5'-dimethoxyisoflavone is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is a type of flavonoid commonly found in various plants. Isoflavones are primarily sourced from legumes and are prevalent in dietary phytoestrogens. The mode of action of this compound involves modulation of cellular pathways due to its antioxidant properties and potential to interact with estrogen receptors. Such interactions may influence gene expression and cell proliferation in specific tissue types.

6-Hydroxy-5,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone is a methoxylated flavone, which is a type of polyphenolic compound. It is derived from various natural sources, including certain plant species where flavonoids are abundant. This compound features distinct methoxy and hydroxyl groups that contribute to its biochemical activity.

4'-Methoxyflavone is a synthetic flavonoid, which is derived from modifications of naturally occurring flavonoid structures. It is synthesized through chemical processes involving the methoxylation of flavonoids, commonly found in plants. The compound exhibits its mode of action primarily through antioxidant activity. By scavenging free radicals, 4'-Methoxyflavone helps to prevent oxidative stress at the cellular level, which can damage DNA, proteins, and lipids.

3,7,4'-Trihydroxyflavone is a flavonoid compound, which is a naturally occurring polyphenolic phytochemical. These compounds are commonly sourced from various plants, where they are present in fruits, vegetables, and certain herbs. Flavonoids such as 3,7,4'-Trihydroxyflavone are known for their role in plant pigmentation and protection against environmental stressors.

Sinensetin is a polymethoxyflavone, which is a type of flavonoid compound. It is predominantly sourced from citrus peels, particularly those of oranges. The compound exhibits multiple biological activities, primarily through its mode of action that involves modulating inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress responses. Sinensetin achieves this by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes such as cyclooxygenase, thereby reducing inflammation processes at the cellular level.

Beta-Naphthoflavone is a synthetic polycyclic aromatic compound, which is a laboratory-created substance designed to mimic naturally occurring compounds. It is a model compound widely used in scientific research due to its ability to induce specific enzyme pathways. Beta-Naphthoflavone primarily affects the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway. Upon binding to this receptor, it modulates the expression of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, particularly influencing the cytochrome P450 enzymes. These enzymes play a crucial role in the metabolism of various xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.

4'-Geranyloxyisoliquiritigenin is a prenylated chalcone, which is naturally derived from certain plants, especially those belonging to the Fabaceae family. It is a bioactive compound that emerges from the prenylation of isoliquiritigenin, a chalcone found in licorice root. This modification enhances the lipophilicity and bioavailability of the molecule.

Dillenetin is a flavonoid compound, which is derived from natural plant sources, particularly found in the genus Dillenia. It exhibits significant bioactivity with a mode of action primarily involving the modulation of cell signaling pathways. Dillenetin is known to bind to specific enzymes and receptors, influencing cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress responses.

Neohesperidin is a flavonoid-based natural sweetener, which is derived from the bitter orange and other citrus fruits. The mode of action of neohesperidin involves its conversion into neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHDC), which is an intensely sweet compound. This transformation occurs through hydrogenation, enhancing its sweetening properties. As a sweetener, NHDC exhibits around 1,500 to 1,800 times the sweetness of sucrose depending on the concentration and pH of the medium.

Kaempferol-3-glucoside-7-rhamnoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is a natural compound found in several plant species, including tea, broccoli, and propolis. It is synthesized through glycosylation, where sugar moieties are enzymatically attached to the kaempferol backbone. This compound is known for its potent antioxidant activity, capable of scavenging free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative stress.

Cirsimaritin is a natural product that is classified as a flavonoid, which is derived from various plants, particularly those belonging to the Asteraceae family. As a plant metabolite, Cirsimaritin plays a significant role in the plant’s own defense mechanisms against microbial infections and environmental stressors.

Hinokiflavone pentamethyl ether is a synthetic flavonoid derivative, which is a chemically modified compound sourced from the natural biflavonoid, hinokiflavone. It is characterized by the methylation of phenolic hydroxyl groups, enhancing its stability and solubility. This compound can be derived through organic synthesis techniques involving the catalytic methylation of hinokiflavone.

7,8-Dibenzyloxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone is a synthetic isoflavone derivative, which is a type of organic compound often studied for its potential pharmacological properties. Isoflavones are primarily sourced from certain leguminous plants, where they are naturally occurring phytoestrogens and have been associated with various biological activities.

Prunetin is a naturally occurring isoflavone, which is an organic compound derived from plant sources. It is primarily found in legumes and other plant materials where it naturally occurs as part of the plant's phytochemical arsenal. The mode of action of prunetin involves modulating various biochemical pathways, including acting as an antioxidant, influencing estrogenic activity, and affecting cellular signaling pathways. Its biochemical properties allow it to interact with multiple cellular targets, leading to its diverse biological activities.

Kakkatin is a natural antimicrobial agent, which is derived from specific plant extracts known for their inherent bioactive properties. It functions by disrupting the cellular membranes of pathogenic microorganisms, leading to their subsequent inactivation. This mode of action is attributed to its unique phytochemical constituents, which interact with microbial cell structures to inhibit growth and proliferation.

Podocarpusflavone A is a flavonoid compound, which is a type of polyphenolic molecule. It is isolated from the Podocarpus genus, a source known for yielding bioactive phytochemicals. The mode of action of Podocarpusflavone A involves modulation of various cellular signaling pathways, including antioxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, which can influence cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Lupinisoflavone D is a bioactive isoflavone compound, which is derived from natural plant sources, specifically belonging to the lupin species. This compound is meticulously extracted and characterized through advanced chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, commonly sourced from Lupinus albus or other related legumes, where it is naturally present in small quantities.

Kaempferol 7-O-neohesperidoside is a flavonoid glycoside, which is commonly derived from various plant sources, including fruits, vegetables, and certain herbs. This compound is part of the broader flavonoid family, known for their bioactive properties, and can be extracted using advanced chromatographic techniques.

Taxifolin 3-O-rhamnoside is a natural flavonoid glycoside, which is primarily sourced from certain plant species, including members of the Pinaceae family. This compound is recognized for its unique chemical structure, comprising taxifolin attached to a rhamnose sugar moiety. Its mode of action predominantly involves the scavenging of free radicals, thanks to its potent antioxidant properties. Taxifolin 3-O-rhamnoside exhibits the ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species, thereby contributing to the protection of cellular components from oxidative stress.