Nucleotides

<p>2'-Deoxy-5-methylcytidine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt - 10 mM aqueous solution is an inhibitor of the methyl transferase domain that is found in all DNA methyltransferases. It has been shown to inhibit transcriptional regulation and cellular transformation, as well as to induce DNA damage. The optimum pH for this compound is 7.4 and it hydrolyzes at pH levels lower than 5.0.</p>

<p>2'-C-Methylguanosine 5'-monophosphate triethyl ammonium salt - Aqueous solution is a synthetic nucleotide analog for use in research</p>

<p>4-Amino-5-chloro-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine is a supramolecular complex that is characterized by the coordination geometry of its metal ion and the donor atoms. It has been proposed as a potential drug for the treatment of bacterial infections, such as tuberculosis. The 4-Amino-5-chloro-2,6,dimethylpyrimidine is structurally similar to nucleobases and may be able to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This molecule also has a high melting point and is not soluble in water. It can be protonated at different pH values and forms complexes with hydroxyl groups found in nucleic acids.</p>

<p>2,4-Diamino-6,7-dimethylpteridine is a ligand that can bind to an orphan cytosine opposite an abasic site in RNA duplexes</p>

<p>6-Chloro-9-(b-D-ribofuranosyl)purine is a purine analog that inhibits the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein. It has been shown to have physiological effects in cells, and it has been used as a positive control for enzyme activity studies. 6-Chloro-9-(b-D-ribofuranosyl)purine binds to an enzyme called hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS), which inhibits the production of a molecule called tetrahydrobiopterin (THB). THB is essential for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), an important neurotransmitter that regulates neuronal death. 6-Chloro-9-(b-D-ribofuranosyl)purine also has significant cytotoxicity against melanoma cells in vitro.</p>

<p>Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-glucose disodium salt is a precursor in the synthesis of nucleoside sugars in pathways such as rhamnose biosynthesis.</p>

<p>N6-Benzoyl-3'-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)adenosine is a modified nucleoside with antiviral activity. This compound is synthesized by a modified method that avoids the use of phosphoramidites, which are usually used to synthesize nucleosides. N6-Benzoyl-3'-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)adenosine is an activator of viral RNA polymerase and has been shown to be active against HIV and herpes simplex virus type 1.</p>

<p>N6-Cyclopentyl-2'-C-methyl-adenosine is an antiviral agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA by preventing the formation of RNA from DNA. It has been shown to be effective against HIV and other retroviruses. N6-Cyclopentyl-2'-C-methyl-adenosine is a synthetic nucleoside that is activated by phosphorylation in cells, which leads to the synthesis of monophosphate (5'-AMP). This compound is used for the treatment of cancer and HIV infection.</p>

<p>2,6-Diamino-9-[3',5'-O-(1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyl-1,3-disiloxanediyl)-β-D-ribofuranosyl]purine is a protected nucleoside derivative that can potentially be used as an intermediate in the chemical synthesis of nucleoside analogs, especially for RNA or DNA oligonucleotides. This compounds has a 2,6-Diaminopurine – a purine analog structurally similar to adenine but with an additional amino group at the 2-position and a β-D-ribofuranosyl. The 3′ and 5′ hydroxyl groups of the ribose are protected with a bulky 1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyl-1,3-disiloxanediyl (TIPDS) group. This is a silyl protecting group often used to block reactivity during nucleoside synthesis.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoroguanosine is a modified nucleoside analog where the base is guanine, the sugar is deoxyribose, and a fluoro group is attached to the 2' position of the sugar ring. This modification potnetially enhances the stability and nuclease resistance of the nucleoside, making it a useful tool in molecular biology and drug development.</p>

<p>This low molecular DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) from salmon sperm is a fragment that is an effective indicator of the presence of guanine in urine samples, and can be used to detect lipoperoxidation in animal hemocytes. It has also been shown to be a sublethal oxidative stress agent for human urine, which induces irreversible oxidation in the enzyme activities of signal detection. According to some recent research studies, this product is being investigated as an environmental pollutant indicator and could be used as an effective wastewater treatment method.</p>

<p>Used as a protected adenosine nucleoside in RNA synthesis. The 1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyl-1,3-disiloxanediyl (TIPDS or TBDPSi2) group is a bulky, acid-labile protecting group specifically designed to protect the 3' and 5' hydroxyl groups of ribonucleosides during RNA oligonucleotide synthesis.</p>

<p>2'-C-Methylcytidine 5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt - aqueous solution, is a synthetic nucleotide analog. It has potential application in antiviral research, particularly for studying RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) activity in RNA viruses. It mimics the natural cytidine triphosphate (CTP) but includes a 2'-C-methyl modification on the ribose sugar.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-N6-isobutyryladenosine is a modified ribonucleoside that has antiviral and anticancer activity. It is synthesized by modifying the 5' hydroxyl group of the natural nucleoside, 2'-deoxyadenosine, with a 6-aminohexanoic acid to give 2'-deoxy-5'-O-(2,4,6-trimethoxybenzoyl)adenosine. This modification increases the affinity for viral DNA polymerases, leading to higher antiviral activity. The drug also has antitumor effects against human leukemia cells in culture.</p>

<p>5'-O-DMT-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-methyluridine is a novel, synthetic nucleoside with antiviral and antitumor activity. It is an analogue of 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)uridine, which has been shown to be active against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) in vitro. The phosphoramidites of 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-methyluridine are modified at the 2' position with a methyl group and at the 5' position with a methoxyethyl group. These modifications make it more resistant to degradation by intracellular enzymes. The anticancer activity of 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-methyluridine was demonstrated in preclinical studies using human tumor cell lines.</p>

<p>9-(2',3',5'-Tri-O-benzyl-b-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine is a nucleoside that has shown anticancer and antiviral properties. It inhibits replication of DNA and RNA in cells, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides. This compound is synthetically produced from 2',3',5'-tri-O-benzyl b-D-arabinofuranosyl chloride and adenine monophosphate (AMP). 9-(2',3',5'-Tri-O-benzyl-b-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine is also known as arabinoside A.</p>

<p>5'-Deoxythymidine is a nucleoside analog with low-energy electrons. This drug inhibits the synthesis of DNA by binding to the ribonucleotide reductase enzyme and preventing the conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. 5'-Deoxythymidine has been shown to inhibit cell growth in tumor cell lines, which may be due to its ability to interfere with mirna-mediated gene expression. This drug also has a kinetic effect on regulatory proteins, such as cyclin-dependent kinases, that are involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression.</p>

<p>Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), is a very important and essential coenzyme formed by the union of two nucleotides covalently bond to each other by their phosphates group. NAD is present in cells either in its oxidative form or in its reduced form, NAD+ and NADH respectively. They take part in many redox reactions, carrying electrons from one molecule to another.</p>

<p>Uridine 5'-triphosphate dihydrate trisodium salt is a nucleotide that is involved in the synthesis of RNA. This product has been used as a supplement to promote healthy eyes and skin, as well as to treat Alzheimer's disease. It has been shown to be an efficient method for the detection of active substances by hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC). The HILIC method involves separating molecules based on their hydrophobic or hydrophilic properties, which are determined by the ionic strength of the solution. Uridine 5'-triphosphate dihydrate trisodium salt binds with chloride ions, which prevents it from binding with other organic compounds. The chloride ions then serve as an end point that can be detected using ultraviolet light.</p>

<p>N6,3'-O-Dibenzoyl-2'-deoxyadenosine is a nucleoside that is used as a biochemical reagent in molecular biology. N6,3'-O-Dibenzoyl-2'-deoxyadenosine has been shown to be an inhibitor of the enzyme phosphodiesterase and also binds to DNA. This compound has been shown to have antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens. The lipophilicity of this compound allows it to cross the cell membrane and cleave DNA at the site of replication. N6,3'-O-Dibenzoyl-2'-deoxyadenosine is an analog of 6,4’-dihydroxybenzophenone (DBP) and can be synthesized from DBP by reacting with dibenzoyl chloride in chloroform</p>

<p>N4-Benzoyl-2'-deoxycytidine is a fluorescent nucleoside that has been used to study the molecular interactions between sugar residues and the phosphate groups of nucleic acids. It is used as a reagent for glycosidation, which involves the formation of a glycosidic linkage between an alcohol group in a saccharide or oligosaccharide and the hydroxyl group in an aromatic acid. N4-Benzoyl-2'-deoxycytidine has also been synthesized by solid-phase techniques. This synthetic method is based on phosphoramidite chemistry and uses an automated DNA synthesizer to produce oligonucleotides with specific sequences. The synthesis of this nucleoside relies on the use of fluorescent dyes such as fluorescein, rhodamine, and coumarin to monitor progress during synthesis.</p>

<p>2-Aminoperimidine hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of 2-aminoperimidine, a polycyclic aromatic heterocycle featuring a fused naphthalene–pyrimidine ring system with an amino group at the 2-position. The protonated amino group forms a stable crystalline salt with hydrochloric acid, enhancing aqueous solubility and facilitating handling in laboratory applications.</p>

<p>1-(2'-Deoxy-3',5'-di-O-toluoyl-a-D-ribofuranosyl)-4-amino-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-1,3,5-triazine is a nucleoside derivative that features a modified pyrimidinone (triazine) base attached to a protected deoxyribose sugar. This molecule can be used in research.</p>

<p>N4-Benzoyl-5'-O-DMT-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-methylcytidine is a new nucleoside analogue that is a phosphoramidite. It has been synthesized as an anticancer agent and antiviral drug. N4-Benzoyl-5'-O-DMT-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-methylcytidine has been shown to inhibit the growth of human tumor cells in vitro, suggesting that it may have anticancer activity. This compound also inhibits viral replication by inhibiting DNA synthesis and RNA transcription in infected cells.</p>

<p>N4-Benzoyl-2'-deoxy-2'-fluorocytidine is a novel, synthetic nucleoside that has been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and is being investigated as a potential anticancer drug. N4-Benzoyl-2'-deoxy-2'-fluorocytidine has also been found to be active against HIV, Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2), and influenza A virus. It prevents the replication of viruses by inhibiting DNA synthesis in the host cell.</p>

<p>Cyclic Adenosine 5'-diphosphate ribose ammonium salt (CADPRAM) is a potent inhibitor of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs). CADPRAM reversibly inhibits PDEs and prevents the hydrolysis of cAMP. This inhibition can lead to an increase in cytosolic Ca2+. CADPRAM also inhibits polymerase chain reaction, which is why it cannot be used for the treatment of infectious diseases. CADPRAM has been shown to inhibit the activity of enzymes that are known to play a role in clinical pathology, such as adenylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase type 3.</p>

<p>Biotin-5-cytidine-5'-triphosphate lithium salt - 1 mM aqueous solution is a novel, synthetic and highly purified ribonucleoside phosphoramidite. It is used as an activator of nucleic acid synthesis in the preparation of DNA and RNA. Biotin-5-cytidine-5'-triphosphate lithium salt - 1 mM aqueous solution has been shown to be effective against various types of cancer cells, including leukemic cells and breast cancer cells. The drug also inhibits the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2).</p>

<p>Thymidine-5'-triphosphate or dTTP, is a nucleotide used by the cell to synthesize DNA molecules. Thymidine-5'-triphosphate is used in molecular biology techniques and assays as a substrate of the enzyme DNA polymerase, e.g. polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing, pyrosequencing reactions. Salt form of thymidine-5'-triphosphate has been used in a newly developed detection system for SARS-CoV-2 that combines bioluminescence in real-time (BART) with reverse-transcriptase loop-mediated amplification (RT-LAMP).</p>

<p>3'-O-Allylguanosine is a antiviral agent that belongs to the group of synthetic nucleosides. It is a monophosphate analog of guanosine and an activator of ribonucleotide reductase. 3'-O-Allylguanosine has been shown to be effective against cancer cells in vitro. It has also been shown to inhibit DNA synthesis and promote DNA degradation in human leukemia cells, suggesting its potential use for the treatment of leukemia.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (5-BrDU) is a nitrate reductase inhibitor that prevents the reduction of nitrate to nitrite by inhibiting the enzyme nitrate reductase. It is a genotoxic agent that has been shown to cause DNA damage and cell death in vitro. 5-BrDU has been shown to induce preconditioning in vivo, reducing neuronal injury after ischemia. This drug also binds to NMDA receptors and may be useful as a model system for studying neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. 5-BrDU has been shown to inhibit the polymerase chain reaction in wild-type strains of bacteria, but not in strains with a mutation in their DNA gyrase genes.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate disodium salt is a nucleotide that is formed from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and deoxyadenosine monophosphate (dAMP). It is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of fatty acids, which are important components of cell membranes. This nucleotide can be used to measure the light exposure of bacteria. 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate disodium salt has been shown to have antibacterial activity against some Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus. The effective dose for these bacteria is 5 µg/mL with a linear model. The biological properties of this nucleotide are still not fully understood, but it is thought to play a role in blood pressure regulation through its effects on fatty acid synthesis.</p>

<p>Coenzyme A is a biochemical that is required for the synthesis of fat molecules. It also plays an important role in the activation of fatty acids, as well as in the production of collagen and growth factor-β1. Coenzyme A sodium salt hydrate (CAS) is a cofactor that participates in various metabolic processes, including process optimization and conjugation reactions. It has been shown to increase the transcription of insulin-sensitive genes, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the activity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This product can be used in transfection experiments and fluorescence assays for cervical cancer or insulin sensitivity.</p>

<p>5-Aminouridine is an analog of uridine that is used in the synthesis of RNA. It inhibits the synthesis of RNA by viruses, and it may also inhibit the synthesis of RNA by cells, including muscle cells. 5-Aminouridine has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis in muscle cells incubated with orotic acid. The drug may also interact with other drugs metabolized by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, such as carbamazepine and phenytoin. This interaction may lead to decreased serum levels of these drugs following treatment with 5-aminouridine.</p>

<p>N4-Benzoyl-5-methylcytidine is a labile chemical that can be uniquely prepared using biochimie. It has been shown to have anticodon activity in assays and is synthesized chemically. The nucleoside is phosphoramidite, which is methylated and reproducible. N4-Benzoyl-5-methylcytidine has been shown to inhibit the growth of cells by blocking the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines. It may also have biophysical properties that are related to its ability to bind to DNA.</p>

<p>N4-Benzoyl-2'-deoxy-5'-O-DMT-cytidine is a pesticide that is used as an acaricide, insecticide, and nematicide. It has been shown to be effective in controlling the growth of E. coli and insects by binding to their membranes and inhibiting lipid synthesis. N4-Benzoyl-2'-deoxy-5'-O-DMT-cytidine binds to the polypeptides in the bacterial cell membrane and inhibits their function, leading to cell death. This drug also has a low toxicity for mammals.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-5-methyluridine is a synthetic nucleoside analog for use in research</p>

<p>2'-O-Methyladenosine 5'-triphosphate lithium is a novel nucleotide that has been synthesized to act as an antiviral and anticancer agent. It can be used in the production of ribonucleosides, deoxyribonucleosides, and modified DNA. It is also a high quality phosphoramidite that can be used in the synthesis of DNA and RNA. 2'-O-Methyladenosine 5'-triphosphate lithium has been shown to inhibit the replication of HIV-1 and other viruses by inhibiting viral transcription. It is also active against cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 0.2 μM for HL-60 cells.</p>

<p>7-Deazaguanosine is a low energy analog of guanosine that has been shown to be activated by trifluoroacetic acid, which is a chemical reagent that can be used for the activation of nucleosides. 7-Deazaguanosine is used in the treatment of human serum and urine viruses such as hepatitis B virus, herpes simplex virus, and cytomegalovirus. The compound has also been shown to have receptor agonism activity on toll-like receptors. 7-Deazaguanosine has been shown to have antiviral effects against HIV and influenza A (H1N1). 7-Deazaguanosine binds at the viral receptor site and blocks the entry process into cells. This drug also stimulates macrophages to produce cytokines, which are proteins that regulate immune responses.</p>

<p>N4-Benzoyl-2'-deoxy-5'-O-DMT-5-methylcytidine is a connector that is used in optical devices. It is a ligand that binds to the constant region of the antibody, which is part of the molecule that protects against bacteria and viruses. The residue has been shown to have variable conformation in tetrahydrofuran and ethyl group. This molecule can be injected into dimethylformamide with an anion chloride or pyrrolidine ring.</p>

<p>2′-O-2-Methoxy-2-oxoethyl-5-methylcytidine (2′OMeC) is a synthetic ribonucleoside that is used in DNA synthesis. 2′OMeC is a nucleotide analog that inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis by competitively inhibiting the enzyme activity of DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase, and other enzymes involved in the process. This drug has been shown to inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). It also has anticancer properties through its ability to inhibit protein synthesis. The novel structure of this drug gives it high quality and purity.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of uridine monophosphate synthase</p>

<p>2,4-Diamino-6-hydroxy-5-nitrosopyrimidine is a nucleoside for use in research applications</p>

<p>2′-O-[2-(Methylamino)-2-oxoethyl]guanosine is a monophosphate nucleoside with anticancer properties. It has been shown to activate the transcription of genes that regulate cell growth and differentiation, and to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. This compound is an analog of guanosine, which is not modified at the 2′ position. It has been used to synthesize phosphoramidites for oligonucleotide synthesis, and may be useful as a novel therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.</p>

<p>Agonist of P2Y6 purinoceptor; antagonist of P2Y14</p>

<p>1-(5-O-Acetyl-2,3-dideoxy-ß-L-glycero-pent-2-enofuranosyl)-5-fluorouracil is a modified nucleoside analog with structural alterations that enhance its biological properties and stability. The compound features 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase, a fluorinated pyrimidine often used in chemotherapy due to its ability to interfere with DNA replication. The sugar component is 2,3-dideoxy-β-L-glycero-pent-2-enofuranose and has a specific glycerol and enol configuration, which alters its interactions with enzymes involved in nucleic acid metabolism. The compound includes a 5-O-acetyl protecting group at the 5'-position, which shields the hydroxyl group during synthesis.</p>

<p>2'-O-Methyladenosine 5'-triphosphate lithium salt - 100 mM aqueous solution is a modified nucleoside that has antiviral, anticancer, and antimalarial properties. It also has been shown to activate DNA synthesis and inhibit the growth of cancer cells.</p>

<p>2',3'-Dideoxyadenosine-5'-monothiophosphate is a nucleoside for use in research applications</p>

<p>2'-C-Methyladenosine 5'-triphosphate triethyl ammonium salt is a synthetic nucleotide analog of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), modified at the 2'-carbon of the ribose ring. This molecule has potential applications in biochemical, enzymatic, and antiviral research, particularly in studies involving RNA synthesis and viral RNA polymerases.</p>

<p>Fludarabine is a purine analog and works by interfering with DNA synthesis, which helps to stop the growth of cancer cells.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-5-hydroxymethyluridine-5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt (dHMUTP) is a noncompetitive inhibitor of transcriptase activity. It inhibits the synthesis of DNA by binding to RNA polymerase on the template strand, thereby blocking the progress of the enzyme along the DNA. This drug has been shown to be effective in inhibiting viral production and growth in mammalian cells, as well as cancer cell culture. Dihydrofolate reductase is required for dHMUTP to function, and it is metabolized in vivo through hydrolysis by glycosylases or antineoplastic properties by nucleotide excision repair enzymes. These enzymes are present in human cells but absent in bacteria and yeast. The drug also has antineoplastic properties due to its ability to inhibit tumor cell proliferation.</p>

<p>6-Thioguanosine is a purine analog that is used in the treatment of skin cancer and bowel disease. It has been shown to be an inhibitor of leukemia cells and also inhibits the growth of colon cancer cells. 6-Thioguanosine binds to the rate constant for uridine phosphorylation, which prevents the production of DNA. This drug also has an anti-inflammatory effect on bowel disease, which may be due to its ability to inhibit bcl-2 protein expression.<br>6-Thioguanosine is a fluorescent derivative that can be used as a substrate for x-ray diffraction data or as a biological sample in biological studies.</p>

<p>5,6-Dihydro-2'-deoxyuridine (dUrd) is a pyrimidine nucleoside that is an important component of DNA. It is phosphorylated by deoxyribonucleoside kinase to form dUrd monophosphate. This compound has been shown to inhibit the activity of catalase and other enzymes that hydrolyze hydrogen peroxide, indicating it may have antiviral properties. The enzyme activities of 5,6-dihydro-2'-deoxyuridine on simplex virus type 1 have been studied in vitro using lymphoblastoid cells. In these studies, the compounds was found to inhibit viral growth and terminate replication. 5,6-Dihydro-2'-deoxyuridine also inhibits the synthesis of DNA by inhibiting oxidative deamination reactions and termini formation in herpes simplex virus type 1. This drug has also been shown to inhibit amine oxidases in hep</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-5-ethynylcytidine is a cytosine analog that inhibits the synthesis of viral DNA and the production of new virus particles. It has been shown to inhibit herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) in cell cultures, as well as other viruses such as vaccinia and adenovirus. 2'-Deoxy-5-ethynylcytidine has also been shown to have anti-cancer properties in animal studies. This drug binds to the cellular nucleic acid, preventing transcription of viral genes into messenger RNA and preventing protein synthesis, thereby inhibiting replication of the virus. 2'-Deoxy-5-ethynylcytidine also inhibits the synthesis of cellular DNA by binding to nuclear DNA.<br>2'-Deoxy-5-ethynylcytidine is an analog of cytosine that binds to dna polymerase and prevents it from adding on new nucleotides, which blocks viral reproduction.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-5-iodouridine (IDU) is a nucleoside that inhibits viral replication by inhibiting the synthesis of viral DNA. IDU has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of murine sarcoma virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). IDU also has inhibitory properties on axonal growth, which may be due to its ability to inhibit DNA polymerase II. 2'-Deoxy-5-iodouridine is biocompatible, non-toxic, and can be used in high concentrations without any acute toxicities.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-8-oxo-adenosine is a nucleoside that is a hydrogen bond donor. It is an analogue of adenosine, and has been shown to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells. 2'-Deoxy-8-oxo-adenosine reacts with the enzyme dATP pyrophosphohydrolase to form 8-oxo-2'-deoxyadenosine, which inhibits mitochondrial DNA synthesis by preventing the incorporation of inorganic phosphate into mitochondrial DNA. This process leads to reduced ATP production, leading to cell death. The reactive properties of 2'-Deoxy-8-oxo-adenosine make it suitable for use as a probe molecule in chemical biology, as well as in biochemical studies on human serum.</p>

<p>8-Thioguanosine is a purine derivative with reactive chlorine atoms. It has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of cellular targets, including monoclonal antibodies, growth factors, and transcription-polymerase chain reactions (PCR). 8-Thioguanosine binds to the antibody response by modulating the function of the B cells. This drug also has immunomodulatory effects that have been shown in animal models. 8-Thioguanosine is used as an immunosuppressant in patients undergoing bone marrow transplants and solid organ transplants.</p>

<p>2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-fluorouridine is a synthetic analog of uridine with chemical modifications that disrupt RNA and DNA synthesis. Because of this, it’s often studied or used as an antiviral or anticancer agent.</p>

<p>3'-O-Methyluridine is a nucleoside that is used in the preparation of oligonucleotides and as a substrate for uridine phosphorylase. It is used to study the termination of RNA synthesis, which occurs when there are no more ribose residues in the RNA template strand. When this happens, an adenosine residue is added by polyphosphate kinase to the 3' end of the RNA strand. This addition causes a release of pyrophosphate and leads to end of DNA synthesis. The acid hydrolysis technique can be used to separate 3'-O-methyluridine from other nucleotides. This reaction produces guanosine, which can be detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques such as polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).</p>

<p>Ribavirin is a synthetic nucleoside analog that is used as an antiviral agent. Ribavirin 5'-monophosphate dilithium (RPM) is a high-quality, novel phosphoramidite monophosphate of ribavirin. It has antiviral activity against herpesviruses, adenoviruses, and poxviruses. The antiviral properties of RPM are due to its ability to inhibit viral RNA synthesis through inhibition of the viral enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. RPM is also active against DNA viruses such as human papilloma virus and Epstein-Barr virus.</p>

<p>3'-Deoxyadenosine is a nucleoside that is an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells and induce apoptosis in HL-60 cells. 3'-Deoxyadenosine inhibits the production of pro-apoptotic protein, which may be due to its ability to activate toll-like receptor 4. 3'-Deoxyadenosine also has strong anti-inflammatory properties and can be used for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by bacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Streptococcus pyogenes. 3'-Deoxyadenosine binds to DNA polymerases and inhibits the replication of DNA by blocking the incorporation of deoxynucleotides into DNA. This compound has been shown to have thermodynamic data consistent with a stable secondary structure at high temperatures.br&gt;</p>

<p>2',3'-Dideoxy-3'-fluoro-a-uridine is a synthetic nucleoside analog. This compound is a modified version of uridine. The 2' and 3' hydroxyl groups on the sugar molecule are replaced with hydrogen atoms, and a fluorine atom replaces the hydrogen at the 3' position. This molecule has potential antiviral acitivty and can be used in research applications.</p>

<p>D3-Thymidine is a substance that is formed from the monosaccharide galactose and has been used in biochemical studies. D3-Thymidine has been used as a marker for the damaged DNA of viruses, such as herpes simplex virus type 1, and for the DNA of tumor cells. It has also been used to study the effects of protonation on its function. D3-Thymidine is an unlabeled thymidine derivative that was studied using dichroism spectroscopy. This technique showed that this molecule can exist either in a single form or in two forms with different shapes, depending on its microenvironment.<br>D 3 -thymidine was first synthesized by Dr. Gertrude Buechner at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1957. In her experiments, she found that this molecule could be produced by hydrolyzing 2-deoxy-D-ribose with 3 molar equivalents of ammon</p>

<p>2',3',5'-Tri-O-benzoyluridine is a protected form of the nucleoside uridine. Uridine is a pyrimidine nucleoside consisting of uracil as the nitrogenous base and a ribose sugar linked via a β-N-glycosidic bond at the 1′ position. The hydroxyl groups on the ribose (at positions 2′, 3′, and 5′) are protected with benzoyl groups (–O–CO–C₆H₅).</p>

<p>3-Deazauridine is a uridine analog that inhibits the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and protein. It has been shown to inhibit the activity of 3-deazauridine synthetase in HL-60 cells. 3-Deazauridine also has significant cytotoxicity against colorectal adenocarcinoma cells and synergistic effects when used with other chemotherapeutic agents. The mechanism of action of 3-deazauridine is similar to that of other enzyme inhibitors, such as glycosidic bond formation or competitive inhibition. The sample preparation for this drug is complicated by its insolubility in water.</p>

<p>7-Deaza-2',3'-dideoxy-7-iodoguanosine is a nucleoside analog that inhibits the synthesis of DNA by inhibiting the activity of DNA polymerase. It is used to treat HIV and other viral infections. The compound is also active against cancer cells and has been shown to inhibit the growth of leukemia cells. 7-Deaza-2',3'-dideoxy-7-iodoguanosine is modified with an iodine atom at the 7 position and has a novel structure. This compound is used in biological research as a substrate for the preparation of phosphate esters such as phosphoramidites for use in oligonucleotide synthesis.</p>

<p>5'-O-Trityl-2,3'-anhydrothymidine is a nucleoside analogue that inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by binding to the enzyme and preventing RNA chain elongation. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV in cell cultures and has been shown to be active against a variety of HIV isolates. 5'-O-Trityl-2,3'-anhydrothymidine has also shown antiviral activity against other RNA viruses such as SARS coronavirus and influenza virus.</p>

<p>3'-Amino-3'-deoxy-5'-O-DMT-thymidine is a specifically designed building block for introducing a 3'-amino group into oligonucleotides, primarily at the 3' terminus. The DMT protecting group facilitates incorporation during standard solid-phase synthesis, and the 3'-amino group provides a versatile handle for post-synthetic modifications and conjugations.</p>

<p>Metabolite of 8-Chloroadenosine</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-uridine is a bifunctional drug that has both antibacterial and anticancer activity. This drug is used to treat leishmania infections, which are caused by protozoan parasites. 2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-uridine suppresses the growth of these organisms by inhibiting RNA synthesis and protein synthesis. It also inhibits proliferation of cancer cells in vivo by targeting cancer cells with high levels of primary amines. 2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-uridine is an effective chemotherapeutic agent that can be used to treat pancreatic cancers with high rates of primary amines (e.g., insulinoma).</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-2',2'-difluoro-a-uridine is a nucleoside analog with modifications on the 2'-carbon of the ribose sugar and the pyrimidine base uracil. This compound is a synthetic derivative of uridine with two fluorine atoms attached to the 2' carbon of the sugar. The α-stereochemistry of the sugar indicates a specific configuration that influences how the molecule behaves in biological systems, including its interaction with enzymes and incorporation into nucleic acids.</p>

<p>6-Thioguanosine-5'-O-triphosphate sodium salt is a nucleotide analog that inhibits the synthesis of RNA, DNA and protein. It binds to the guanine nucleotide-binding site on the enzyme RNA polymerase and blocks transcription. This leads to a decreased amount of mRNA, thereby slowing or stopping protein production. 6TGTP also has been shown to be effective in treating cancer as it inhibits enzymes involved in cellular metabolism and induces cell death. 6TGTP has been shown to have no effect on mammalian cells when incubated with 10 mM magnesium ion.</p>

<p>Universal sulfonate donor for in vivo sulfonation by sulfotransferases</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-2'-fluorocytidine is a novel nucleoside analog. It acts as an activator of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, which is essential for DNA synthesis and repair. 2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-2'-fluorocytidine has antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). This compound also inhibits the growth of various tumor cell lines in culture, including human leukemia cells. In addition, 2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-2'-fluorocytidine has been shown to have antiinflammatory effects in animal studies.</p>

<p>5’-O-DMT-thymidine is also known as 5’-O-(4,4’-dimethoxytrityl)thymidine. It is a key deoxynucleoside building block that is protected with a dimethoxytrityl group in the 5-O-position of the deoxy-ribose moiety, leaving the 3-hydroxyl free for modification. It is used a convenient starting point for nucleotide synthesis. 5’-O-DMT-thymidine can be converted into 3’-O-phosphoramidite derivatives for oligonucleotide synthesis. Additionally, 5’-O-DMT-thymidine can be converted into more stable 1-N-protected derivatives.</p>

<p>2-Chloroinosine is a synthetic nucleoside analog derived from inosine, in which a chlorine atom is substituted at the 2-position of the purine base (hypoxanthine). This modifcation causes altered reactivity and can be used in research applications</p>

<p>2-Thiothymidine is a hydrogen bond donor and acceptor that can be used as a substitute for thymine in the synthesis of DNA. 2-Thiothymidine has been shown to have successful in vivo treatment against bladder cancer and skin cells, as well as photochemical properties. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells by inhibiting DNA synthesis. 2-Thiothymidine binds to dna duplexes and polymerase chain reactions, which are important for replication of DNA. This drug also inhibits replication by preventing intramolecular hydrogen bonds from forming.<br>2-Thiothymidine is a nucleoside analog that is substituted for thymine during DNA synthesis. It inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cells by inhibiting DNA synthesis. It binds to dna duplexes and polymerase chain reactions, which are important for replication of DNA. This drug also inhibits replication by preventing intramolecular hydrogen bonds from forming.</p>

<p>5-Ethynyluridine (5-EU) is an uracil analogue functionalized with a terminal alkyne group used for nucleotide, and especially RNA, labelling. 5-EU is cell permeable and is incorporated into RNA during its biosynthesis. The terminal alkyne group in 5-EU can react with azide-functionalised fluorophores or biotine, to form a labelled adduct with a triazole linker.</p>

<p>7-Deaza-2’-C-methylinosine is an antiviral agent that inhibits the replication of DNA or RNA. It is a nucleoside analog that can be phosphorylated to form a diphosphate or monophosphate. 7-Deaza-2’-C-methylinosine has been shown to have anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo, as well as inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. This agent also has novel properties due to the presence of the methyl group at position 2’ on the deoxyribose ring.</p>

<p>N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a modified form of adenosine that contains a methyl group at the N6 position and has a high importance in epigenetics. Among other nucleoside modifications found in mRNA, N6-methyladenosine is the most common and abundant in eukaryotes, and is related to some cancers and viral infections (Huafei, 2020). Moreover, N6-methyladenoside has been reported to regulate RNA abundance in the SARS-CoV-2 infection (Zhang, 2021)</p>

<p>Anti-HCV agent; inhibitor of viral RNA polymerases</p>