Food Industry Standards

<p>Applications A labelled thioxanthone derivative useful as photoinitiators.<br>References le Fur, Y., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 47, 2860 (1999), Sanz, M., et al.: Food Chem., 84, 133 (2004), Herent, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 43, 886 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Insecticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Devine, G., et al.: Pestic. Sci., 55, 405 (1999), Ahmad, M., et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 58, 203 (2002), El Kady, H., et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 59, 865 (2003).<br></p>

<p>Applications Glycidyl Stearate is an acid-hydrolyzable ester derivatives as low calorie fat mimetics. It is used in frying oil, margarine, ice cream, milk substitutes and bakery. Carcinogenic substance.<br>References Swern, D., et al.: Cancer Res., 30, 1037 (1970), Miyamoto, M., et al.: Macromolecules, 30, 6067 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications 17-Hydroxy Pregnenolone, is a metabolite of Pregnenolone (P712200).<br>References Kramer, R., et al.: J. Steroid Biochemi., 18, 715 (1983), Hiwatashi, A., et al.: J. Biochem., 98, 619 (1985), Eiichi, T., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Sci., 95, 140 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methylcitric Acid is a metabolite of Citric Acid (C521000). It is formed from the condensation of propionoyl-CoA and oxaloacetic acid catalyzed by a citrate synthase enzyme.<br>References Allen, R. H., et al.: Metabolism, 42, 978 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Minoxidil EP Impurity E<br>Applications 2,4-Diamino-6-piperidinopyrimidine (Desoxyminoxidil) (Minoxidil EP Impurity E) is an analogue of Minoxidil (M345000).<br>References Cox, J., et al.: Adv. Drug Res., 5, 115 (1970), Watanabe., et al.: Microbiol. Immunol., 23, 1009 (1979), Nakai, H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 31, 84 (1988), Shiraishi, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 32, 2214 (1989),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Glycidyl Palmitate (G615950). Used for preparation of lysophosphatidic acids which inhibit apoptosis.<br>References Mills, G.B., et al.: Nat. Rev. Cancer., 3, 582 (2003), Zhang, C., et al.: J. Exp. Med., 199, 763 (2004), Lee, C.W., J. Biol. Chem., 281 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled 1,3-Distearoyl-2-chloropropanediol (D493510). New lipids in food protein hydrolyzates.<br>References Velisek, J., et al.: J. Agric. Chem., 28, 1142 (1980),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Eprinomectin-13CD3 is an isotopic analog of Eprinomectin (E590050), a mixture of semi-synthetic Avermectins.<br>References Jones, T.K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 42, 1786 (1994), Arena, J.P., et al.: J. Parasitol., 81, 286 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications (E)-4-Hydroxy Tamoxifen-d5 is an labelled metabolite of Tamoxifen (T006000). A hydroxylated analogue of Tamoxifen with anti-estrogenic properties.<br>References Muerdter, T.E., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Therapeut., 89, 708 (2011); Dorchies, O. M., et al.: Am. J. Pathol., 182, 485 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications rac-1, 2-Didecanoyl-3-chloropropanediol belongs to a group of 3-Chloropropanediol fatty acid esters, which are contaminants found in edible oils and other food sources.<br>References Z. Zelinková, et al.: Food Addi. &amp; Conta., 23:12, 1290-1298 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications An inhibitor of monoacylglycerol lipase and fatty acid amide hydrolase.<br>References Karlsson, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 272, 27218 (1997), de Lago, E., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 70, 446 (2005), Romero, F., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 1058 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Narcotic antagonist.Controlled substance.<br>References McCawley, H., et al.: J. Pharmacol., 82, 339 (1944), Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Zubair, M.U., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 18, 195 (1989),<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Lysine is an essential amino acid for human development. Lysine residues are useful in many cellular processes, due to their ability to accept a wide variety of post-translational modifications.<br>References Tosha, L. et. al.: Biochem. J. 435, 509 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Propoxyphenyl Homohydroxysildenafil is an analogue of Homo Sildenafil (H615150) that may be used as a method for treating erectile dysfunction.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Rebaudioside C is a steviol glycoside used as a nutritive sweetener and may be used as a replacement for sugar in foods and beverages. Useful in the treatment of blood glucose sensitive diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity.<br>References Jooken, E. et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 60, 10606 (2012); Hellfritsch, C. et al.: J. Agr. Food. Chem., 60, 6782 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Carbocisteine Sulfoxide is an impurity of the mucolytic agent Carbocisteine (C178760).<br>References Synge, R., et al.: Biochem. J., 64, 252 (1956); Waring, R., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 10, 61 (1982); Mitchell, S., et al.: Xenobiotica, 14, 767 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Simvastatin EP Impurity A<br>Applications Simvastatin Hydroxy Acid Sodium Salt is a metabolite of Simvastatin (S485000), a synthetic derivative of a fermentation product of Aspergillus terreus. A competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. A synthetic analog of Lovastatin. Antilipemic. Simvastatin, the drug, is sold under the trade name Zocor.<br>References Hoffman, W.F., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 29, 849 (1986); Mol, M.J., et al.: Lancet, 2, 936 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Perfluorohexanesulfonic Acid is one of the long-chain perfluorinated acids pollutant in the Canadian arctic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Martin, J., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 28, 373 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3α,12α-Dihydroxy-5β-chol-9(11)-enic Acid is used in the analysis and in the structure determination of unsaturated 5β-cholanoic acids.<br>References Kuksis, A., et al.: Lipids, 15, 770 (1980)<br></p>

<p>Applications A pyrolysate that exhibited mutagenic activity toward Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 from the pyrolytic products of soybean globulin. 2-Amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (AαC) and 2-amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (MeAαC) are two mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines formed during ordinary cooking.<br>References Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 83, 915 (1978), Sugimura, T., et al.: Mutation Research, 290, 43 (1993), Eisenbrand, et al.: Toxicology, 84, 1 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications New lipids in food protein hydrolyzates.<br></p>

<p>Applications Contained in tobacco flavor additives.<br>References Tsuchida, H., et al.: Agric. Biol. Chem., 40, 921 (1976),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Perfluoroheptyl Propanoic Acid is a standard for environmental testing and research. Studies on biodegradation of polyfluoroalkyl phosphates as source of perfluorinated acids to environment.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lee, H., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 3305 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications Bisphenol B is the analogue of Bisphenol A (B519495), which is used to make certain plastic an epoxy resins. BPA and its analogs, are also shown to activate human pregnane X receptor (PXR), a nuclear receptor that functions as a master regulator of xenobiotic metabolism.<br>References Yipeng, S., et al.: Env Hea. Pers., 120, 399 (2012); Krishnan, A.V., et al.: Endocrinology, 132, 2279 (1993); Steinmetz, R., et al.: Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 9, 124 (1998); Petersen, H., et al.: Eur. Food Res. Technol., 216, 355 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications (-)-Riboflavin is a nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, leafy vegetables. Richest natural source is yeast. Minute amounts present in all plant and animal cells. Vitamin (enzyme cofactor).<br>References Unna, K., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 76, 75 (1942), Rivlin, et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 283, 463 (1970), Al-Shammary, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 19, 429 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Coenzyme Q10 is a cofactor that is part of the electron transport chain (3). It is also a free radical scavenger in lipid and mitochondrial membranes (3). Coenzyme Q10 has antibacterial and antioxidative properties and used to prevent and treat cancer (1,2). This compound is a neuroprotective product.<br>References (1) Trumpower, B.L.: J Bioenerg Biomembr (1981) 13,1 (2) Inatsu, S. et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (2006) 50, 2237 (3) Matthews, R. T., et al.: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. (1998) 95:8892-7.<br></p>

<p>Applications Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid is a component of manganese and zinc fertilizers.<br>References Narwal, R.P., et al.: J. Geochem. Exploration., 121, 5 (2012); Munson, J.M., et al.: Sci. Translat. Med., 4, 127 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Volatile<br>Applications 1,1-Dichloroethane is used as a chemical solvent in the preparation of precursors of quinolizine, isoquinoline and indole alkaloids(1). Groundwater contaminant, DDT biodegredation product(2,3). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Butler, E. et al.: Env. Sci. Tech. 2000, 34 (3), pp 422–429.2. Ren, L. et al.: Chemosphere. 2017 Feb;168:244-253.3. Grewal, J. et al.: J. Environ. Sci. Health. B. 2016 Dec;51(12):809-816.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane can be used safer and equally efficient alternative to chloroform as a phase-separation agent in the 1-step method of RNA isolation from biological samples such as animal and plant tissue.<br>References Chomczynski, P. et al.: Anal. Biochem., 225, 163 (1995); Chey, S. et al.: Anal. Biochem., 411, 164 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications One of the main product of transformation of maltose into prebiotic isomaltooligosaccharides by novel α-glucosidase from Xantophyllomyces dendrorhous.<br>References Tzortzis, G., et al.: Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 63, 286 (2003), Chaen, H., et al.: J. Biosci. Bioeng., 92, 177 (2001), Ferrer, M., et al.: Biochem. J., 391, 269 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Methyl-hepten-2-one is used in the synthesis of thyrsiferyl 23-Acetate which acts as an anti-leukemic inducer of apoptosis.<br>References Gonzalez, I. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 122, 9099 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) hydrogen phosphate (CAS# 69284-93-1) is a useful research chemical compound.<br></p>

<p>Applications Thidiazuron is a non-purine containing urea derivative with cytokinin activity. Thidiazuron is used as a cotton defoliant and a plant growth regulator in tissue culture.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Orlikowska, T., et al.: Plant Cell Tissue Org. Cult., 59, 95 (1999), Ray, T., et al.: Mol. Biol., 6, 35 (2005), Kanwar, J., et al.: Hort Sci., 2008, 35, 35 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Humulene is a monocyclic sesquiterpene derived from farnesyl diphosphate and naturally found in clove, basil, hops, and cannabis sativa. Humulene has potential anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-bacterial properties.<br>References Legault, J., et al.: Planta Med. 69, 402 (2003); Wei, M. C., et al.: Food Chem. 210, 172 (2016); Fernandes, E. S., et al.: Eur J Pharmacol. 569, 228 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Levosimendan.<br>References Rubinstein, A., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Met., 19, 213 , (1988), Pollesello, P., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 28584 (1994), Yokoshiki, H., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 333, 249 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Applications It is used as a solvent.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2'-Bis(hydroxyphenyl)methane is a dihydroxydiphenyl methane and the ortho analogue of Bisphenol F (B519555). 2,2'-Bis(hydroxyphenyl)methane is a contact sensitizer found in resins and products based on phenol-formaldehyde.<br>References Bruze, M. et al.: Cont. Derm., 14, 146 (1986); Bruze, M.: Derm. Ber. Umwelt, 33, 216 (1985);<br></p>

<p>Applications Acrylamide is a chemical intermediate in production of polyacrylamides that are use in protein electrophoresis (PAGE), synthesis of dyes and copolymers for contact lenses. It is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References (1) Mottram, D.S., et al.: Nature, 419, 448 (2002) (2) Tareke, E., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 4998 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications Diethylene Glycol Dibenzoate is used in analytical studies to investigation into the migration potential of coating materials from cookware products.<br>References Bradley, E.L., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 24, 326 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications Citral is an anti-microbial agent found in plants with antibacterial activity against some food pathogens. It is also a fragrance compound with a distinct lemon scent.<br>References Buchbauer, G. et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 82, 660 (1993); Kim, J. et al.: J. Agri. Food. Chem., 43, 2839 (1995); Dorman, H.J.D. et al.: J. App. Micro., 88, 308 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications Dioctyl Terepthalate is used as a plasticizer in PVC items and childcare products.<br>References Krauskopf, L. et al.: J. Vinyl. Add. Tech., 5, 107 (1999); Zoller, A et al.: J. App. Polym. Sci., 121, 3314 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Polymerize easily<br>Applications Mesityl Oxide, a α,β-unsaturated ketone, and has a strong peppermint odor. It is mainly used as a solvent and in the production of methyl isobutyl ketone by hydrogenation.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Conant, J. B., et al.: Org. Synth.: Coll., 1, 345 (1941); Jalali-Heravi, M., et al.: J. Chromatography A, 1218, 2569 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications A metabolite of Doxorubicin (Dx).<br>References Cummings, J., et al.: Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol., 22, 451<br></p>

<p>Applications Scopolamine (S200000) metabolite and impurity.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wada, S. et al.; Xenobiotica 21, 1289 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications A glucuronide metabolite of Diazepam.Controlled substance (depressant). Sedative, hypnotic.<br>References Sarteschi, P., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 22, 93 (1972), Schwandt, H.J., et al.: Xenobiotica, 4, 733 (1974), Curry, S.H., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 57, 427 (1976), Heel, R.C., et al.: Drugs, 21, 321 (1981),<br></p>

<p>Applications Choline Bitartrate is used as a lipotropic compound.<br>References Hartung, C., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 12, 486 (1968), Sitaram, N., et al.: Life Sci., et al.: 22, 1555 (1978),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl-β-neuraminic Acid is a useful reagent in sequential esterification and acetylation of β-​Sialyl phosphite and phosphoramidite.<br>References Methods Enzymol., 5, 391 (1962), Biochemistry, 18, 2086 (1979)<br></p>

<p>Applications rac-Glutethimide is a hypnotic sedative which was once used to treat insomnia. When taken with codeine, it has an intense euphoric effect on the subject due to the body’s increased ability to convert codeine to morphine.<br>References Popa, D., et al.: J. Pharmaceut. Biomed., 32, 867 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Bis(4-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)phenyl)ethene (cas# 1533-45-5) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled 6-OH-Monopropylheptylphthalate is a phthalate metabolite originating from a DPHP (B523500) used in plasticizers to improve chemical and physical properties.<br>References Kasper-Sonnenberg, M. et al.: Int. J. Hyg. Env. Health, 215, 373 (2012); Koch, H. et al.: Int. J. Hyg. Env. Health, 214, 188 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications An antimicrobial agent used in cosmetic products.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gilliland, D., et al.: J. Appl. Bacteriol., 72, 258 (1992), Routledge, E., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 153, 12 (1998), Miller, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 272, 32824 (1997), Nakagawa, Y., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 55, 1907 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications α-Tocopherol acetate is the most bioactive of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Richest sources are green vegetables, grains, and oils, particularly palm, safflower and sunflower oils.<br>References Bianchi, G., et al.: Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technology, 105, 229 (2003), Sakouhi, F., et al.: Food Chem., 108, 833 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Toxic priniciple in seed of Laburnum anagyroides and other Leguminosae. A neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine agonist.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Barlow, R.D., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 35, 161 (1969), Jensen, A.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 15, 4705(2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled compound of a widely used chemical with potential thyroid-disrupting properties. Used in toxicology studies as well as risk assessment studies of food contamination that occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).<br>References Boas, M. et al.: Env. Health Persp., 118, 1458 (2010); Petersen, J.H. et al.: Food Add. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Cont. Expos. Risk. Assess., 27, 1608 (2010); Kwack, S.J. et al.: Toxicol. Res., 26, 75 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic Acid Hexyl Octyl Ester is an phthalate esters used as plasticizers and additives. Used in toxiciology studies as well as risk assessment studies of food contamination that occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).<br>References Kumar, R., et al.: Am. Lab., 31, 32 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl Hexanoate is a short chain flavor ester synthesised through a whole-cell lipase from Aspergillus oryzae WZ007. Also used in the preparation of carbaldehyde hydrazones.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Yan, H. et al.: Cat. Comm., 45, 59 (2014); Neumann, D. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 22, 813 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications 7-Benzoyloxindole is an indole derivative with antiinflammatory activity. It is also a metabolite of amfenac (A576500).<br>References Walsh, D.A. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 33, 2296 (1990); Welstead, W.J.J. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 22, 1074 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications A major component of green coffee the extracts of which promote weight loss in overweight and obese people. Chlorogenic Acid is an important intermediate in lignin biosynthesis. Chlorogenic Acid is an antioxidant and an inhibitor of the tumor promoting activity of phorbol ester. It has protective effect against streptozotocin-nicotinamide generated oxidative stress induced diabetes and may also protect against cardiovascular disease.<br>References Chem. and Eng. News p. 20 April 15, 2013; Karthikesan, K. et al.: J. Func. Foods, 2, 134 (2010); Lincoln, W.M. et al.: Clin. Exp. Phamacol. Physiol., 27, 152 (2000); Gamborg, O.L. et al.: Can. J. Biochem., 45, 1451 (1967);<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 1-Propanol is a low molecular weight alcohol that is currently being investigated as an alternative fuel for direct methanol/oxygen fuel cells. 1-Propanol is also used as a coupling and dispersing agent in the pharmaceutical and chemicals industries.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gupta, M., et al.: Fluid Phase Equil., 244, 26 (2006); Lamy, C., et al.: J. Appl. Electrochem., 31, 799 (2001); Wang, J., et al.: J. Electrochem. Soc., 142 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications Lactulose is a synthetic, non-digestible sugar used in the treatment of chronic constipation; laxative.<br>References Voskuijl, W. et al.: Gut, 53, 1590 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications (S)-α-Terpineol comes from the essential oil extracted from the leaves of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb. Et Zucc. collected from Guizhou which possesses anti-oxidant activities.<br>References Zhou, J., et al.: Shipin Kexue, 35, 137-141 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Chrysin is a flavanoid with anti-inflammatory effect and potential protective effects against cancer and cardiovascular disease. Studies show that Chrysin is central benzodiazepine receptor ligand with possible anxiolytic effects. Chrysin was initially believed to have aromatase inhibitor but recent in vivo studies have disproved that. Dyes and metabolites.<br>References O’Leary, K.A. et al.: Mutat. Res., 551, 245 (2004); Wolfman, C. et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 47, 1 (1994); Saarinen, N. et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 78, 231 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications Palmitelaidic Acid is the 9E-isomer of Palmitoleic Acid (P144900); a polyunsaturated fatty acid which contributes to reduced protein oxidation in mammals.<br>References Mendez, L. et al.: Free Rad. Biol. Med., 55, 8 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Mannose is a carbohydrate that is important in the glycosylation of molecules in a variety of cellular processes. It is involved in N and O glycosylation of bovine why protein products, used in infant formulas. It is also responsible for the O-glycosylation of the T helper cell-derived cytokine interlukin-17A, an important cell-signaling molecule.<br>References van Leeuwen, S. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 60, 12553 (2012); Geoghegan, K. et al.: Prot. Express. Purif., 87, 27 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Gallic Acid exhibits a number of cellular effects including apoptosis and inhibits the growth of calf pulmonary arterial endothelial cell (CPAEC);Also, it is a polyphenol widely found in numerous fruits and vegetables that has been reported to exert anticancer effects, including apoptosis, against cancer cell lines.<br>References Park, W. H.: Mol. Med. Rep., 16, 7805-7812 (2017); Yang, C., et al.: RSC Adv., 8, 12449-12458 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Applications Blasticidin S Hydrochloride is a fungicide and antibiotic produced by Streptomyces griseochromogenes. Potential inhibitor of protein synthesis in bacteria and eukaryotes.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Svidritskiy, E. et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 110, 12283 (2013); Izumi, M. et al.: Exp. Cell. Res., 197, 229 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Applications An acetylene glycol derivative used in water-based coatings and has both antifoaming and surfactant properties. It is highly toxic and have been found in acrylic adhesives used for food packaging multilayers manufacturing.<br>References Schwartz, J. et al.: J. Coat. Tecnhol., 67, 21 (1995); Chinoy, N.F. et al.: Polym. Paint Colour J., 175, 438 (1985);<br></p>

<p>Applications Flutianil is a fungicide used in the treatment and protection of crops.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dietz, J. et al.: Mod. Crop Prot. Comp., 2, 887 (2012); Cerkauskas, R. et al.: Can. J. Plant Pathol., 33, 385 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications γ-Cyclodextrin is used as nanomolecular encapsulation for drug delivery and pharmaceuticals. Used in the synthesis of unilamellar vesicles.<br>References Ikeda, A. et al.: Chem. Comm., 50, 1288 (2014); Gudmundsdottir, B. et al.: J. Ocular Pharm. Ther., 30, 35 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of isoflavone derivatives. A derivative of Glycitein. Inhibitor.<br>References Whalley, J.L., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8, 1569 (1998), Song, T., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 47, 1607 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Oxo-12a-hydroxy-5β-cholanoic Acid is a keto bile acid derivative.<br>References Bortolini, O. et al.: Tetra., 62, 4482 (2006); Bortolini, O. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 67, 5802 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications Monohexyl Phthalate is a phthalate ester that was used to characterize human salivary esterase in enzymatic hydrolysis.<br>References Niino, T., et al.: J. Health. Sci., 49, 76 (2003); Moss, E.J., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 40, 77 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Mefenamic Acid EP Impurity D<br>Applications Benzoic Acid is used in the synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles with pharmaceutical activity. Also used in the synthesis of selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists.<br>References Rouhani, M. et al.: Ultrason. Biochem., 21, 262 (2014); Squarcialupi, L. et al.: J. Medic. Chem., 56, 2256 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Diethyl Phthalate-d14 is the isotope labelled analog of Diethyl Phthalate, which is a phthalate metabolite with genotoxic effect.<br>References Reyes, F., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 37, 74 (1973), Engel, S., et al.: Neurotoxicology, 30, 522 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications (+)-[6]-Gingerol is a bioactive compound found in ginger (Zingiber officinale) with antioxidant activity, which functions as an anti-inflammatory and antitumor agent. (+)-[6]-Gingerol down regulates proinflammatory cytokine release by macrophages. (+)-[6]-Gingerol has been shown to inhibit COX-2 expression by blocking the activation of p38 MAP kinase and NF-κB in phorbol ester-stimulated mouse skin.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Aeschbach, R. et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 32, 31 (1994); Tripathi, S. et al.: J. Surg. Res., 130, 318 (2006); Kim, S.O., et al.: Oncogene 24, 2558 (2005);<br></p>