Oligosaccharides

<p>Used for structural and conformational studies and as enzyme substrates</p>

<p>Heparin is a glycosaminoglycan which is a complex carbohydrate that contains repeating disaccharide units of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine. Heparin has been shown to inhibit the activity of bacterial enzymes involved in fibrinolysis, such as plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and may act as an anticoagulant. Heparin is often used as an anticoagulant in patients with thrombotic disorders, including deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or heart attack. Heparin also acts as a cofactor for the activation of clotting factors II (thrombin), VII, IX, X, XI and XII. In addition, it inhibits the activation of factor XIII by preventing its conversion from its inactive form into active factor XIIIa. The molecular weight of heparin is approximately 10 kilodaltons (kDa) and it has a molecular formula</p>

<p>Glycyl-Oligosaccharidesmannose 5 is a high purity, custom synthesis sugar that is fluorinated and glycosylated. It is an oligosaccharide with a mannose backbone and a glycyl group attached to the first mannose. The methylation of the glycyl group on Glycyl-Oligosaccharidesmannose 5 can be modified to produce different derivatives. This carbohydrate has been synthesized and has CAS Number: 68149-46-1.</p>

<p>Non-reducing storage and transport sugar in woody plants; used as a sweetener</p>

<p>Substrate for glucoamylases; derived from pullulan using pullulanase</p>

<p>3'-Sialyllactose-BSA binds to human serum albumin. It is used in the detection of tumour cells in blood samples, and has been shown to be sensitive for the detection of malignant cells in sera from patients with metastatic breast cancer. 3'-Sialyllactose-BSA can also be used as a probe for the identification of glycosphingolipids in animal tissues. The antibody's specificity for glycosphingolipids was demonstrated by its ability to bind selectively to glycosphingolipid-containing liposomes, but not lipid vesicles without glycosphingolipids.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 4-O-(4-O-acetyl-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-3,6,2′,4′″triphosphate (4MPP) is a methylated saccharide. It can be modified with click chemistry and has been shown to inhibit the synthesis of glycogen in the liver. 4MPP is a high purity product that has been synthesized from naturally occurring carbohydrates. It is also fluorinated for use in research.</p>

<p>Galactosyllactose attenuated NF-κB inflammatory signaling in human intestinal epithelial cells and in human immature intestine. Thus, galactosyllactoses are strong anti-inflammatory agents in human colostrum and early milk, contributing to innate immune modulation. The potential clinical utility of galactosyllactose warrants investigation.</p>

<p>Benzyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-a-D-galactopyranoside is a lectin that has been found to have agglutinin activity. Lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins that bind to glycoproteins and glycolipids. This protein has also been shown to be an antigen, which can stimulate the production of antibodies in the body.</p>

<p>It is one of the few clusters of differentiation that is not a protein and structurally contains a galactose moiety linked α to lactosylceramide. Defects in the enzyme α-galactosidase lead to the buildup of globotriaosylceramide, causing Fabry's disease. The pharmaceutical drug migalastat enhances the function of α-galactosidase and is used to treat Fabry's.  Globotriaosylceramide is also one of the targets of Shiga toxin, which is responsible for pathogenicity of enterohemorrhagic E. coli.</p>

<p>Xyloglucan is a non-cellulosic polysaccharide polymer that is important in plant cell walls. Xyloglucan nonasaccharide (XN) is a linear molecule with an average molecular weight of 10,000 Da and consists of xylose monomers. The XN molecule has a basic structure, which may be due to the presence of amino acid residues, although the exact function of these amino acids is not known. XN has been shown to inhibit colony-stimulating factor (CSF) production and induce CSF release in mouse bone marrow cells. This inhibition may be due to the binding of XN to the monoclonal antibody CD45R on the surface of mouse bone marrow cells.</p>

<p>One of the disaccharides produced during the acid reversion of D-mannose.  This mannobiose is the major repeating unit in the mannose chains of plant mannans, galacto- and gluco-mannans. It has been isolated from partial acid hydrolysates of ivory-nut (Phytelephas, macrocarpa) mannan, guaran (Cyamopsis sp.), palmyra palm (Borassus flabelliferer), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) and lucerne (Medicago saliva) galactomannans.</p>

<p>N2F N-Glycan is a custom synthesis, modification and fluorination product that contains a methylated monosaccharide and a saccharide. The saccharide is glycosylated with a complex carbohydrate, which is composed of many sugar molecules. This product can be used for the modification of proteins, peptides and nucleic acids. It can also be used to synthesize oligosaccharides or polysaccharides.</p>

<p>This product is a synthetic, high purity, and custom-synthesized molecule that belongs to the group of saccharide polymers. It is synthesized by methylation of 4-methoxyphenyl 4-O-[3-O-(2,3,4,6-O-acetyl-a-D-mannopyranosyl)-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-O-levulinoyl]-b-Dglucopyranoside and Click modification. This product has potent glycosylation activity with polysaccharides such as heparin and chondroitin sulfate. The synthesis of this product is completed through the use of a highly efficient and selective carbohydrate polymerization method.</p>

<p>Methyl 4-O-(a-D-galactopyranosyl)-a-D-galactopyranoside (M4G) is a disaccharide that is a residue of the plant indigo dye. M4G is found in plants like Indigofera tinctoria, which are used to produce indigo dye. It is also a glycoside of methyl 4-O-(β-D-galactopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside (M4GP).</p>

<p>This product is a complex carbohydrate that has been modified with fluorination, saccharide modification, and Oligosaccharide synthesis. The specific modifications on the carbohydrate are methylation, Click modification, and polysaccharide synthesis. This product has a CAS No. of _______ and is custom synthesized for _______. It is available in high purity and has an _____ monosaccharide composition.</p>

<p>b1-4 penta mannuronosaccharide-from alginate by enzyme or acid hydrolysis</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-4-O-{2-acetamido-4-O-[3-O-[2,4-di-O-(2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxyb -D-glucopyranosyl)-a,D -mannopyranosyl]-6-O-[2,6 -di(2 -acetamido)-b -D -glucopyranosyl]-b D mannopyranosyl]] b D mannopyranosyl} 2,6 dideoxy b D glucopyranosyl} 6 O-(a L fucopyranosyl)}</p>

<p>Used as enzyme substrates, analytical standards and for in vitro diagnostics</p>

<p>Bulk sweetener; viscosity/bodying agent; humectant; cryoprotectant</p>