Nucleotides

3'-Deoxycytidine-5'-triphosphate is a modified nucleoside that is the precursor for DNA synthesis. It is an activator of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, which are needed in the production of DNA. 3'-Deoxycytidine-5'-triphosphate has been shown to be active against cancer cells and antiviral agents. This chemical also inhibits viral RNA synthesis by blocking the conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides. 3'-Deoxycytidine-5'-triphosphate is novel and high purity, with a CAS number 69383-05-7.

Abacavir 5'-phosphate is a nucleoside analog that inhibits the replication of the herpes virus by covalently binding to the viral DNA polymerase and blocking its ability to polymerize dNTPs. Abacavir 5'-phosphate's anti-viral potency has been shown in vivo using a model with herpes simplex virus, and it has been shown to inhibit viral replication in cell culture. The drug also reacts with cellular components such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which may lead to drug reactions. Abacavir 5'-phosphate is chemically stable, so it can be subjected to analytical methods without degradation. It is an analog of zidovudine (AZT).

2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt - 100 mM solution in water is a nucleotide analog that inhibits the synthesis of RNA. It is used for the treatment of cancer. This agent binds to DNA and prevents the formation of RNA by inhibiting the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. 2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt - 100 mM solution in water also has a perchloric acid component, which may be responsible for its haematopoietic effects.

Please enquire for more information about 2’-Deoxy-N2-DMF-2’-fluoroguanosine including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page

7-Deaza-2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt is a cytosolic small molecule that inhibits the activity of telomerase, an enzyme involved in the replication of chromosomes. It also has inhibitory effects on kinase domains and may be used to treat cancer. 7-Deaza-2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt binds to human mitochondrial DNA and inhibits gene transcription by hybridizing with it. This results in the inhibition of dopamine production, which can be helpful for treating Parkinson's disease. 7-Deaza-2'-deoxyguanosine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt is structurally similar to 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate (dATP) and can be incorporated into DNA by phosphorylation to form a covalent bond that disrupts the dATP/ATP ratio. This causes cellular energy production to decrease and

7-Deaza-2'-deoxy-7-ethynyladenosine is a fluorescent analog of adenosine that has been synthesized to be used as an antimicrobial agent. This compound has shown to be effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 7DDAE is also able to inhibit the growth of fungus and yeast, such as Candida albicans. This drug has been shown to have no cytotoxic effects on mammalian cells at concentrations up to 50 μM. 7DDAE has been found to be very photostable in solution, which means it does not degrade when exposed to light.

2',3',5'-Tri-O-acetyl-6-azauridine is a nucleoside analog for research purposes. The replacement of a carbon atom with a nitrogen atom on the uracil base affects how the molecule interacts with cellular processes. It has the potential to interfere with normal metabolic processes within cells, particularly those related to RNA synthesis. Due to its ability to disrupt cell growth, it could be studied for any potential antiviral or antitumor properties.

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-L-uridine is a synthetic nucleoside analog of uridine where the sugar is both fluorinated at the 2' position and in the L-configuration, which is the mirror image of naturally occurring D-nucleosides. This modification makes it structurally distinct and biologically significant for certain applications in drug development and biochemical research.

2'-Deoxy-5-propynyluridine is a nucleoside that is naturally synthesized in the body. It is an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides and has been shown to be useful for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. 2'-Deoxy-5-propynyluridine has also been found to have a stabilizing effect on RNA, enhancing its biological relevance. This compound can be used as a fluorescent probe and can be used to study transcriptional regulation mechanisms.

6-Thioinosine is a nucleoside analog that is chemically related to 6-mercaptopurine. It inhibits the polymerase chain reaction and has been shown to inhibit aerobic metabolism in aerobacter aerogenes. It also inhibits the growth of hl-60 cells, which are derived from human leukemia cells. 6-Thioinosine has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. It also blocks the activity of certain receptors and has a disease activity against infectious diseases such as systemic candidiasis, bacterial endocarditis, and bowel disease.

5'-O-Trityluridine is a nucleoside analogue that has been prepared as an oriented, oxidized, hydrogenated, xylene derivative of uridine. It is composed of ribofuranoside and uridine. The orientation is controlled by the use of trityl groups on the 5' and 3' hydroxyl groups. The alkali metal salt isomers are analysed using HPLC and GC. This compound interacts with phosphotriesters and cyclic phosphodiesters.

2'-Deoxycytidine is a deoxyribonucleotide that is used in the synthesis of DNA. It has been shown to have potent antitumor activity against solid tumours and may be useful for the treatment of leukemic mice. This compound has been shown to inhibit the kinase activity of IL-2 receptor and Toll-like receptor, which are proteins that regulate the immune response. 2'-Deoxycytidine also inhibits DNA polymerase activity and thermal expansion, which may make it a good candidate as an anticancer drug.

3'-Deoxyuridine is a synthetic antibiotic that is used in the treatment of viral infections, such as hepatitis B and C, and HIV. 3'-Deoxyuridine competitively inhibits the synthesis of RNA by binding to the enzyme RNA polymerase. This drug also has antiviral activity against the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV). 3'-Deoxyuridine is synthesized from uracil in an organic solvent, trifluoroacetic acid, at low temperatures. The incorporation of deoxynucleoside triphosphates into DNA occurs after cleavage of the terminal phosphate group by water vapor.

2',3'-Dideoxy-5'-O-DMT-uridine is a nucleoside for use in research applications

N-Pyrrolo-2'-deoxycytidine is a nucleoside analog that is used in the laboratory as a template for DNA synthesis. It has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of human pathogens. N-Pyrrolo-2'-deoxycytidine binds to DNA and prevents replication by interfering with the binding of the enzyme polymerase to the template strand, which leads to denaturation of the complementary strand and blocking of DNA elongation. This drug has been shown to bind specifically to sequences that are unpaired in duplexes, such as single-stranded telomeres. N-Pyrrolo-2'-deoxycytidine can also be used as a fluorescence probe for detecting dsDNA duplexes.

A synthetic cytosine analogue that incorporates into DNA and prevents DNA methylation via DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) inhibition. Demonstrated potent anti-leukaemic effects attributed to cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Has anti-growth effects on solid tumor cell lines.

6-Methylpurine-2'-deoxyriboside (6MPdR) is a nucleoside analog that inhibits viral polymerase activity. It is used in the treatment of bowel diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and hepatitis C. 6MPdR can be used to treat cancer by inhibiting cellular proliferation and inducing apoptosis. This drug has been shown to inhibit leishmania growth in cell culture. 6MPdR can be administered orally or intravenously, and is pegylated for greater stability in the blood stream.

3′-UMP is a modified nucleoside that has antiviral activity, and is synthesized by the phosphoramidite method. It is a novel compound, which has not been previously reported. 3′-UMP is an activator of ribonucleotide reductase and can be used to treat viral infections. This drug also has anticancer effects and can be used as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of leukemia. 3′-UMP has high purity and high quality.

2'-Deoxyuridine (2'-dU) is an intermediate in the synthesis of thymidylate, which is a precursor for DNA synthesis. It can be prepared through high-performance liquid chromatography. 2'-dU has been shown to inhibit the enzymatic activity of enzymes responsible for synthesizing uridine and thymidylate, leading to neuronal death. 2'-dU has also been shown to have a protective effect against mitochondrial dysfunction induced by hydrogen fluoride. It is also known to bind with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which is involved in inflammatory responses. 2'-dU has been used as a fluorescence probe for nucleic acids and as a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) substrate.

Akt activation inhibitor

2',3'-Dideoxyadenosine is a nucleoside analog that inhibits HIV replication and is a competitive inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase. This latter action reduces levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)

5-(Methylaminomethyl)-2-thiouridine is a nucleotide that is important for both DNA and RNA synthesis. It is the methyl donor in the formation of dTMP, an essential component of DNA. 5-(Methylaminomethyl)-2-thiouridine is synthesized by the enzyme thioredoxin reductase using NADPH and glutathione as cofactors. The synthesis of this nucleotide is regulated by hydrogen bonding, which may be due to its ability to form a cationic surfactant with a molecule such as typhimurium. This activity may be due to the presence of a disulfide bond that can react with other molecules such as guanine nucleotides.
5-(Methylaminomethyl)-2-thiouridine has been shown to have structural analysis and chemical biology applications when used in conjunction with E. coli K-12 cells, Methanobrevib

N4-Ethenocytidine is a nucleoside analogue that has been synthesized and shown to be an effective inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus. N4-Ethenocytidine prevents the synthesis of viral RNA by attacking the 3'-hydroxyl group of uridine, which is involved in the formation of ribonucleotides. This compound can also inhibit rat liver microsomes through a hydrated attack on carbonyl groups. The reaction products are trifluoroacetic acid and chloride ions. N4-Ethenocytidine's fluorescence properties have been used to identify its reaction intermediates, which include uridylic acid and 4-etheno-N6-isopentenyladenosine.

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-5-methylcytidine is a nucleoside analog that is a modified version of cytidine, where the sugar (deoxyribose) has a fluoro modification at the 2' carbon and a methyl group is attached at the 5' position of the cytosine base. This modification confers unique properties that can be useful in research and drug development.

L-Guanosine is an enantiomer of adenosine. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and viruses, such as HIV. L-Guanosine is activated by phosphorylation, which leads to its binding with DNA and inhibition of viral replication. L-Guanosine is also a potent inhibitor of mammalian cell proliferation. It binds to the enzyme adenosyltransferase, thereby inhibiting the production of nucleotides, which are necessary for DNA synthesis. This inhibition causes cell death due to lack of DNA synthesis and protein production.

2'(3')-O-(4-Benzoyl)benzoyladenosine-5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt is a nucleoside analog of Adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP), a key player in cellular energy transfer. 2'(3')-O-(4-Benzoyl)benzoyl has been added to this molecule as well as a triethylammonium salt which helps to increase the stability of the molecule in solutions. 2'(3')-O-(4-Benzoyl)benzoyladenosine-5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt has potential use as a tool for understanding how cells use ATP and how changes to ATP affect cellular processes. Other possible uses are in the study of how ATP interacts with enzymes.

2',3',5'-Tri-O-acetyladenosine is a chemically protected form of adenosine with potential for use as an intermediate in nucleoside synthesis and nucleic acid chemistry. The hydroxyl (–OH) groups at the 2′, 3′, and 5′ positions of the ribose are protected by acetyl groups (–COCH₃), which can prevent unwanted chemical reactions during chemical synthesis.

3'-Deoxyinosine is a nucleoside analog that is used in the treatment of leukemia, lymphoma, and AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. The drug inhibits DNA synthesis by inhibiting enzymes such as ribonucleotide reductase, thymidylate synthase, and dihydrofolate reductase. 3'-Deoxyinosine has minimal toxicity and may be administered orally or intravenously. It has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of skin cancer cells and leishmania parasites in cell culture. This drug also lowers blood pressure by interfering with the synthesis of angiotensin II and may be useful for treating hypertension. The drug is synthetically prepared in a laboratory by chemists.

2'-Deoxy-5-hydroxycytidine is a nucleoside analog that is used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It inhibits the synthesis of HIV by inhibiting the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This drug binds to DNA duplexes, and has been shown to be reactive with damaged DNA. The compound has been shown to inhibit viral replication in a model system, and also inhibits the polymerase chain reaction. 2'-Deoxy-5-hydroxycytidine may also have thermodynamic properties that are related to its potential for reactivity with oxidative DNA.
2'-Deoxy-5-hydroxycytidine is an analog of cytidine. It can be synthesized using solid phase synthesis on a resin support.

2',5'-Dideoxyuridine is a synthetic nucleoside analog derived from uridine, one of the four standard nucleosides found in RNA. It is chemically modified by the removal of hydroxyl (–OH) groups at the 2' and 5' positions of the sugar, altering its ability to participate in RNA or DNA chain formation.

Inosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt hydrate is a nucleotide that is synthesized from adenosine triphosphate in the energy metabolism of cells. It is used as an activator of signal pathways and as a potent inducer of metabolic enzymes. Inosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt hydrate has been shown to induce bowel disease in mice with experimental colitis, suggesting its utility for treating inflammatory bowel disease. Inosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt hydrate binds to the ATP-binding site of GTPase, stimulating the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and phosphate. This reaction causes a conformational change in the enzyme's active site that increases the affinity for GTP by about 10-fold. The binding site is composed of two alpha helices sandwiching a central beta sheet and the catalytic residues are located at both ends of this beta sheet. Structural analysis has revealed that this drug interacts with

8-azido-2-deoxyadenosine is an azide funcationalised nuceleoside

Nelarabine is a drug that prevents the growth of cells by inhibiting the bcr-abl kinase, which is an intracellular target. This drug has been shown to be effective against pediatric patients with t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and adults with chronic myeloid leukemia. Nelarabine has minimal toxicity in humans and is not toxic to healthy cells. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and may be used as a biomarker for autoimmune diseases. Nelarabine also inhibits angiogenesis, which may be due to its effects on nuclear DNA.

N1-Methylguanosine is a methylated nucleotide that is incorporated into the growing DNA chain during protein synthesis. The incorporation of N1-methylguanosine into the growing DNA chain can cause frameshifting, which creates an unusual amino acid sequence. This effect has been shown in model organisms, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli. In these organisms, N1-methylguanosine has been shown to induce cancer when added to the growth medium. It is also found in urine samples from people with bladder cancer and has been used to identify urinary tract cancers. Titration calorimetry studies have shown that N1-methylguanosine binds to a chelate ligand and forms a disulfide bond with cysteine residues on proteins or peptides, which may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction by interfering with hydrogen bonding interactions. Messenger RNA studies show that N1-methylguanosine inhibits translation of mRNA by binding to

2'-Deoxy-5-propargyloxyuridine is a synthetic compound that inhibits the herpes simplex virus by inhibiting thymidylate synthase, an enzyme in the synthesis of DNA. It is used to study the growth rate of herpes virus and has been shown to inhibit murine leukemia L1210 and human l1210 cells at concentrations of 10-20 μg/mL. 2'-Deoxy-5-propargyloxyuridine has also been shown to have inhibitory activities against other viruses, such as polio virus and influenza virus. 2'-Deoxy-5-propargyloxyuridine inhibits biosynthesis by binding to enzymes involved in the synthesis of nucleic acids. The inhibitory dose for this compound is not yet known, but it has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on cell culture when preincubated with cells before infection with herpes simplex virus.

N6-Benzoyl-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)adenosine is a novel nucleoside that can be used as an antiviral agent. It is an activator of viral polymerase and inhibits the proliferation of cells infected with HIV. This compound has been synthesized from 2'-deoxyadenosine monophosphate, which is a precursor to RNA and DNA synthesis. N6-Benzoyl-2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl)adenosine has also been shown to inhibit the growth of experimental tumors in mice. The synthesis of this compound is reliable and reproducible, making it a high quality product.

Coenzyme and regenerating electron donor in catabolic processes

5'-O-DMT-2'-O-hexylphthalimidouridine is a novel nucleoside analog with anticancer activity. It is a modified nucleoside that has been synthesized and purified in high purity. 5'-O-DMT-2'-O-hexylphthalimidouridine is an activator of DNA and RNA synthesis and has antiviral properties. It also inhibits the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) by human synovial cells. This compound binds to the RNA polymerase II enzyme, which prevents transcription of genetic material from DNA templates into messenger RNA. This leads to inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death by apoptosis.

5-(Carboxymethyl)uridine is an uridine compound that has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis in cultured cells. It binds to the ribosome and inhibits protein synthesis by inhibiting the formation of peptide bonds. 5-Carboxymethyl-uridine has been shown to be effective against two strains of bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, in cell culture experiments. The inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis was shown to be dose-dependent for both strains. The mechanism of action is believed to be due to its binding to the ribosome and inhibiting the formation of peptide bonds.

3'-Azido-3'-deoxyadenosine is an initiator that can be used in oligoribonucleotide synthesis. It is stable, nonhydrolyzable and does not require any protecting groups for its use. 3'-Azido-3'-deoxyadenosine is efficient at initiating the synthesis of ribosomal RNA and has been shown to be a good substrate for biochemical studies. This compound is functionalized with a ribose group, which can be linked to other substances. The linkage of this compound to other substances allows it to be used as a building block for the production of oligoribonucleotides.

6-Thioinosine 5'-monophosphate (6TIMP) is a hydrogen bond donor that possesses inhibitory properties against protein synthesis. It has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect and can be used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. 6TIMP is also able to inhibit the bcr-abl kinase, which is implicated in the development of renal cell cancer. 6TIMP can be administered intravenously or orally and penetrates tissues well. The rate at which it enters cells is dependent on the transport rate, which is determined by its acidity. 6TIMP has been shown to cause DNA damage, leading to apoptosis and cell death in carcinoma cell lines. The mechanism of action appears to involve inhibition of cellular protein synthesis, acid formation, and DNA damage.

An azanucleoside and epigenetic modulator that interferes with nucleic acid metabolism. The compound gets incorporated into RNA and inhibits ribonucleotide reductase subunit RRM2 in leukemia cell lines. Intracellularly, 5-azacytidine can get converted into 2′-deoxy-5-azacytidine (decitabine) and subsequently incorporated in DNA, where it irreversibly inhibits DNMT1 methyltransferase. In human epithelial cell lines, this compound decreases Src-activated expression of a histone chaperone CAF1 and inhibits cell motility and invasiveness.

2'-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine is a synthetic nucleoside analog of deoxyuridine, in which the 2'-hydroxyl group of the ribose sugar is replaced with a bromine atom (Br) at the 2' position. This modification allows it to be incorporated into DNA during DNA synthesis, where it can replace the normal thymidine. This molecule can potentially be used in molecular biology and cell biology as a thymidine analog to study DNA replication, cell proliferation, and DNA repair.

Polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C), an agonist of TLR3 toll-like receptors, is a synthetic double-stranded RNA analog, consisting of polyinosinic acid (poly I) paired with polycytidylic acid (poly C), forming a stable duplex structure. PolyI:C stimulates the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferon through its interaction with endosomal Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3) and the cytoplasmic receptors melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA-5) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I). This immunostimulant activity makes Poly I:C a useful vaccine adjuvant and is used in vaccine formulations.  Poly I:C and its stabilized analogs (e.g., poly-ICLC) are also being actively researched for their dual role in oncology: directly targeting tumors and acting as immune potentiators. For example Poly I:C can induce apoptosis in tumor cells and stimulate immunogenic cell death and is therefore being explored alongside chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and checkpoint inhibitors, helping to overcome resistance mechanisms and strengthen treatment outcomes. We can supply PolyI:C to all stages of your project - from R&D and preclinical phases right up to GMP commercial manufacture. Contact our team for custom Poly I:C products.
For more on poly I:C read out blog 'Poly I:C: A Vaccine Adjuvant With Oncological Potential.'

5-(Azidomethyl)uridine (5-AZA-U) is a cytosolic nucleoside analog that inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). It is resistant to degradation by cellular nucleases and is fluorescent, making it a clickable substrate for microscopy. 5-AZA-U has been shown to inhibit the transcription of viral DNA and the synthesis of viral proteins in mammalian cells. This drug has also been shown to be effective against cancer and hepatitis B virus (HBV). 5-AZA-U can be used as an antiviral agent because of its ability to inhibit the posttranscriptional gene expression of HSV-1. 5-(Azidomethyl)uridine is also an analog of uridine, which can be used to study intracellular signaling pathways that regulate proliferation, differentiation, or apoptosis in mammalian cells.

Potential metabolite of NADP+

Thymidine-3',5'-diphosphate sodium salt is a nucleoside that is used in the synthesis of oligonucleotides. It is an antiviral and anticancer agent. Thymidine-3',5'-diphosphate sodium salt has been shown to inhibit DNA synthesis, leading to cell death. It also has been shown to be effective against Hepatitis B virus and HIV-1.

N4-Benzoyl-5'-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2'-deoxycytidine is a nucleoside monophosphate with antiviral and anticancer activity. It is used as an activator for the synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides and may be used in the treatment of herpes zoster, AIDS, or cancer. N4-Benzoyl-5'-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-2'-deoxycytidine has a novel structure that is modified from natural nucleosides and has been shown to have high purity.

1-(2’-Deoxy-2’-fluoro-arabinofuranosyl)-5-hydroxymethyluracil (also abbreviated as FMAU-OH) is a modified nucleoside analog. It consists of a fluorinated sugar moiety (2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro-arabinofuranose) attached to a uracil base with a hydroxymethyl (-CH₂OH) group at the 5-position. The 2’-fluoro substitution and arabinose sugar configuration can enhance its stability and affect its incorporation into DNA or RNA. It has the potential to be used as an inhibitor of viral polymerases and can be used in research.

3',5'-Di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxy-5-iodouridine is an inorganic, deoxyribonucleoside. It is the acetyl derivative of 2'-deoxy-5-iodouridine, which is an analog of uracil. 3',5'-Di-O-acetyl-2'-deoxy-5-iodouridine has been shown to have antiviral properties against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2) in animals. This drug also has antiangiogenic properties, inhibiting the growth of new blood vessels and tissues at the site of a tumour. Studies have shown that 3',5'-di-O acetyl 2'-deoxyuridine can be incorporated into exudates from human cancer patients and can inhibit tumor cell proliferation in vivo.

2'-Deoxy-5-methylcytidine is a nucleoside analogue that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. It prevents methylation of guanine, which disrupts the binding of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins to the dna template and prevents polymerase chain reactions. 2'-Deoxy-5-methylcytidine has been shown to inhibit colon cancer cells in vitro, and may be a potential biomarker for bowel disease. This drug is also a methyltransferase inhibitor, which means it blocks the enzyme responsible for adding methyl groups to cytosine molecules.

Adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt hydrate (ATP 2Na) is a nucleoside triphosphate acting as the essential part of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. It plays a crucial role in many biological processes including neurotransmission, signal transduction, muscle contraction and cardiac function, often described as the "molecular unit of currency" for intracellular energy transfer.

1,3-Dimethylpseudouridine is a methylated derivative of pseudouridine, which is a naturally occurring modified nucleoside found in RNA. This compounds can be used in research applications

5'-O-Acetyl-2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine is a novel nucleoside that can be used as an antiviral and anticancer agent. It has shown to be more potent than other nucleosides in inhibiting the synthesis of viral DNA and RNA, which makes it a potential candidate for treating HIV infection and cancer. This drug can also act as an activator by stimulating the production of deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides. 5'-O-Acetyl-2'-deoxy-2',2'-difluorocytidine has been shown to have high purity and quality, making it a good candidate for use in various fields of research.

N6-Benzoyl-2'-deoxyadenosine (BADA) is a nucleoside analog that is used in the diagnosis of infections caused by bacteria. BADA binds to DNA duplexes and alters their structure, which can be detected using electrophoresis. BADA has been shown to have low bioavailability and is insoluble in water, so it must be administered intravenously. It has also been found to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be due to its ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis.

8-Bromoguanosine (8BrG) is a potent inhibitor of cyclase enzymes that lead to the formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). It has been shown to inhibit signal pathways, such as those regulated by the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), which are activated by the 2-adrenergic receptor. 8BrG has been shown to be effective against C. glabrata and other fungi and has been used in experimental models for infectious diseases.

Blocks glutamatergic activity; neuroprotective

8-Bromocyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose sodium salt (8BCAR) is a cytosolic cyclase inhibitor that inhibits the synthesis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). 8BCAR blocks the activation of protein kinase A, which is an enzyme involved in the phosphorylation of cAMP. 8BCAR has been shown to inhibit cardiac hypertrophy induced by growth factor-β1 and to increase mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as to suppress cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In addition, this drug can be used for the treatment of cancers such as leukemia and lymphoma.

Allopurinol riboside is a hydroxyl analog of allopurinol. Allopurinol riboside has minimal toxicity in tissue culture and exhibits no cytotoxicity in human serum. It is a potent inhibitor of microbial infection, including infections caused by Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Leishmania amazonensis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Allopurinol riboside binds to adenine nucleotide and inhibits the synthesis of purines, which are necessary for DNA replication. This binding also inhibits the production of ATP, leading to cell death. In addition, allopurinol riboside inhibits the growth of human macrophages in vitro by inhibiting protein synthesis. Allopurinol riboside may be useful for treating HCV-induced liver disease or leishmaniasis.

8-Aza-7-deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine is a single-stranded DNA analogue that is used as a conjugate to deliver drugs to cells. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of HIV by suppressing viral replication and the production of infectious virions. The drug is photolabile, which means it can be activated with light and then delivered to cells. 8-Aza-7-deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine has also been shown to inhibit the growth of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro, but does not inhibit the growth of other viruses such as herpes simplex virus type 1 or adenovirus.

Pro-drug of 5-FU; anti-cancer agent

2',5'-Dideoxyguanosine is a modified nucleoside analog of guanosine, one of the four natural nucleosides found in RNA and DNA. This synthetic molecule has hydroxyl groups removed from the 2' and 5' positions of the sugar component, which alters its ability to participate in nucleic acid synthesis.

Anticancer nucleoside; DNA synthesis interference

Clevudine is a synthetic pyrimidine analogue effective against the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Once inside the cell, it is converted into its active forms, clevudine monophosphate and clevudine triphosphate. The triphosphate form competes with thymidine to be incorporated into viral DNA, leading to DNA chain termination and inhibition of the HBV DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase). Due to its long half-life, clevudine significantly reduces covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), making relapse less likely after treatment ends.

Inhibitor of uridine monophosphate synthase

Anti-viral; reverse transcriptase inhibitor

5-Aminouridine is an analog of uridine that is used in the synthesis of RNA. It inhibits the synthesis of RNA by viruses, and it may also inhibit the synthesis of RNA by cells, including muscle cells. 5-Aminouridine has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis in muscle cells incubated with orotic acid. The drug may also interact with other drugs metabolized by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, such as carbamazepine and phenytoin. This interaction may lead to decreased serum levels of these drugs following treatment with 5-aminouridine.

Anti-viral; reverse transcriptase inhibitor

N6-Benzoyl-2'-deoxy-5'-O-DMT-adenosine 3'-O-succinate triethylammonium salt is a novel nucleoside analog that has antiviral and anticancer properties. It is a ribonucleotide with an N6-(benzoyl)-2'-deoxyadenosine base linked to the 3' position of the sugar through an acetyl group, with a succinic acid moiety at the 5' position. This drug inhibits DNA synthesis and has been shown to block HIV replication in vitro. It also has activity against human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) infections in vivo.

9-(b-D-Arabinofuranosyl)hypoxanthine is a glycosylated analogue of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). It has been shown to inhibit Streptococcus pyogenes and other bacteria. 9-(b-D-Arabinofuranosyl)hypoxanthine has also been shown to have inhibitory properties against zirconium oxide, pulmonary vasodilation, squamous cell carcinoma, and rate constant. This drug has not been studied in clinical trials for antiviral prophylaxis or arabinoside. The only known side effects are drug interactions with cyclin D2 and nitrate reductase.