Monosaccharides

<p>Phenyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-glucopyranoside is a white crystalline powder that belongs to the group of glycoconjugates. It has been made by the modification of glycosides and saccharides. This product can be used as a fluorination agent in organic synthesis, or as a click modification in carbohydrate chemistry. Phenyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-glucopyranoside can also be used for glycosylation reactions and methylation reactions.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-4,6-O-isopropylidene-D-glucopyranose is a modification of 2,3,4,5,6 tetraacetamido 1,2,3,4,5 pentaoxo 1,2 deoxy D glucose. It is an oligosaccharide that has been synthesized for the first time in 1977. The monosaccharide can be methylated and glycosylated to form polysaccharides such as mannans and galactans. The chemical structure of this product can be modified with fluorination or saccharide substitution.</p>

<p>Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate. GAPDH is involved in glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. It has been shown to be an important player in mediating cellular responses to hypoxia, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene has been found to be mutated in a number of cancers including breast cancer and colon cancer. This gene also has a role in inflammatory lesion development as well as energy metabolism. GAPDH also participates in the biochemical reactions that lead to neuronal death during neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.</p>

<p>2,3,5-Tri-O-benzyl-1-O-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-D-arabinofuranose is an organic compound that belongs to the group of furan derivatives. The configuration of this molecule was determined to be (2S,3S) by the use of stereoselective synthesis. It can be synthesized from a benzaldehyde and a ribofuranosyl chloride with a yield of about 95%. This compound has been shown to react with azides in a catalytic transfer reaction yielding yields of up to 100%.</p>

<p>Glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor</p>

<p>Antioxidant; antibacterial; suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory response</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl azide is a chemical compound that has been synthesized and studied by X-ray crystallography. It is an azide derivative of β-D-glucopyranosyl acetate. The structure of this compound was solved using x-ray crystallographic techniques.</p>

<p>1,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzyl-b-D-galactopyranoside is a custom synthesis that has been modified with methylation and fluorination. It is an oligosaccharide composed of saccharides linked by glycosidic bonds. Carbohydrates are polymers of monosaccharides, which can be classified as either simple sugars or complex carbohydrates. This product is a high purity, synthetic sugar that is suitable for use in the synthesis of complex carbohydrate polymers.</p>

<p>Hexadecyl-D-xylopyranoside is a synthetic sugar that has been fluorinated and methylated. It is a complex carbohydrate that belongs to the group of modified sugars. This product has many applications in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and saccharides, as well as in glycosylation reactions. Hexadecyl-D-xylopyranoside can be used in custom syntheses, and has been shown to have high purity with a CAS No. 115211-19-3.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 3-O-allyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-galactopyranoside is a galactoside that is commonly found in plants. The biosynthesis of this molecule has been studied in the bacteria N. meningitidis and it has been shown that it can be synthesized from fatty acids. 4-Methoxyphenyl 3-O-allyl-4,6-O-benzylidene b -D -galactopyranoside can be used as a HIV drug, as it inhibits the growth of HIV cells by inhibiting protein synthesis and RNA transcription. This molecule is also able to inhibit cancer cell proliferation in vitro.</p>

<p>Ginsenoside F1 is a natural compound found in ginseng. It is believed to have anti-cancer properties. Ginsenoside F1 has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of HL-60 cells and have an apoptotic effect by regulating mitochondrial membrane potential and activating the apoptotic pathway. The mechanism of action for the anti-cancer activity of Ginsenoside F1 may be due to its ability to inhibit angiogenesis, which is needed for cancer cell proliferation. Ginsenoside F1 also inhibits the growth of skin cancer cells in mice by regulating microvessel density. This compound has been found in foods such as soybeans, rice, peanuts, and kiwifruit.</p>

<p>Tert-butyl 2-deoxy-L-ribopyranoside is a synthetic monosaccharide that can be used in the synthesis of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. It is also used for fluorination reactions, such as click modification. This compound can be custom synthesized to order, and it is available in high purity. Tert-butyl 2-deoxy-L-ribopyranoside can be modified with a variety of different functional groups, including methylation. It has an CAS number of 1032153-57-3.</p>

<p>N-Acetyl-2-O-methyl-b-D-neuraminic acid (AOMBNA) is a modification of sialic acid. It is an N-acetylated, O-methylated analogue of b-D-neuraminic acid. AOMBNA is synthesized by the chemical modification of D,L -erythro -2,3,4,6 tetra hydro sialic acid with methyl bromo acetate in the presence of sodium methoxide. The product can be purified by crystallization from dichloromethane and methanol mixture. AOMBNA has been used in complex carbohydrate synthesis and glycosylation reactions.</p>

<p>D-Glucono-1,5-lactone is a chemical compound that is a member of the class of compounds known as diketones. It can be used in chemical biology and polymer chemistry to probe hydrogen bonding interactions, polymer compositions, and redox potentials. D-Glucono-1,5-lactone has been shown to inhibit the growth of cells in culture by inhibiting DNA synthesis. This inhibition is due to its ability to bind with high affinity to nucleic acids and prevent the formation of the enzyme complexes required for transcription and replication. The effects are reversible.</p>

<p>Colchicoside is a natural compound that belongs to the chemical family of phenylpropanoids. It is used in the treatment of gout and pseudogout, and has been shown to be effective against demecolcine-induced hemolytic activity. Colchicoside has also shown to be an analog for other compounds with toxicological studies, such as hydrochloric acid and potassium dichromate. The toxicity studies performed on colchicoside have shown that it can cause damage to cells in culture by inhibiting DNA repair mechanisms.</p>

<p>Phenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a chemical compound that is a member of the class of phenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosides. This compound has been shown to be anomeric, substituent and phenyl.</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzoyl-D-galactopyranose is a glycoside. It is synthesized by the glycosylation of galactose with benzoic acid chloride in the presence of sodium carbonate. This compound is a natural product that can be found in plants and animals. 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzoyl-D-galactopyranose has been shown to inhibit topoisomerase I and II activity in mammalian cells and induce the uptake of galactose into human adenocarcinoma cells. The yields of this compound are low and it has not been studied extensively due to its limited availability.</p>

<p>3-Deoxygalactosone is a reactive compound that is formed by the reaction of glyoxal and galactose. The glyoxal molecule reacts with the hydroxyl group on the galactose to form a new aldehyde, which can then react with another molecule of glyoxal or galactose to form 3-deoxygalactosone. 3-Deoxygalactosone has been shown to have health effects in clinical studies. It also has been shown to decrease the dry weight of rats fed a high-fat diet. This compound also is an intermediate in the formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, which is produced during the Maillard reaction between sugars and amino acids. 3-Deoxygalactosone binds to proteins, forming hydrogen bonds with amino acid side chains and affecting their biological function.</p>

<p>D-Xylulose is a sugar monomer found in the cell walls of bacteria. It is also present in human blood, where it is converted to xylitol. D-Xylulose has been shown to be an important component of bacterial cell wall synthesis and can be used as a probiotic for humans. The enzyme xylitol dehydrogenase catalyses the conversion of D-xylulose to xylitol. The reaction mechanism is thought to be similar to that of other enzymes in the glycolysis pathway, such as ribitol dehydrogenase, which converts ribitol to ribose 5-phosphate. This conversion can be achieved through two different methods: hydrogen fluoride or sodium hydroxide. D-Xylulose can also be used for analytical purposes, such as in the detection of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.</p>

<p>4, 6-O-Ethylidene-D-glucopyranose is a glucose analogue that inhibits sugar transport. It has been shown to inhibit glucose transport by binding to the hydroxyl group on the red cell membrane. This binding prevents the sugar from entering the cell and as a result, glucose accumulates in the blood. 4, 6-O-Ethylidene-D-glucopyranose also binds to tryptophan fluorescence and inhibits cytochalasin B binding to tryptophans that are located on the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells.</p>

<p>Chloramphenicol glucuronide is an active metabolite of chloramphenicol. It can be detected in human serum and urine, as well as rat liver microsomes. Chloramphenicol glucuronide binds to the cytosolic protein, cytochrome b5 reductase, which inhibits protein synthesis and cell growth. This compound has been shown to be effective for treating infectious diseases such as typhoid fever, pelvic inflammatory disease, and pneumonia. The chloramphenicol glucuronide group also includes a number of other metabolites that are formed from chloramphenicol by conjugation with glucuronic acid.</p>

<p>D-Altrose is an alpha-hydroxy acid that is synthesized from D-arabinose and trifluoroacetic acid. It has been shown to be a substrate for the synthesis of oligosaccharides, which are important in carbohydrate chemistry. This molecule can also be used as a reagent in the preparation of carbohydrates with a specific configuration at C2. One use of this product is in generating analytical methods that can distinguish between D-altrose and D-arabinose by monitoring the ratio of hydrogen fluoride to carbonyl group signals. D-Altrose may also be used in asymmetric synthesis, where it is a useful chiral building block for the construction of galacturonic acid derivatives.</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-pivaloyl-D-glucopyranosyl azide is an oligosaccharide that has been modified for use in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It is synthesized through a methylation reaction and then click chemistry. The resulting product is a high purity chemical that can be used to modify saccharides or sugars. 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-pivaloyl-D-glucopyranosyl azide is a white crystalline solid with CAS No. 1251910-91-4.</p>

<p>N-Butyldeoxymannojirimycin HCl is a custom synthesis, complex carbohydrate that is synthesized from Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides. This product is modified with Methylation, Glycosylation, and Carbohydrate. It has the CAS No. 155501-85-2 and it is high purity and fluorinated. The product can be used in Synthetic applications such as Click modification, sugar, or Fluorination.</p>

<p>Chiral building block for synthesis of carbohydrate and nucleoside derivatives</p>

<p>D-Galactosamine (GalN) is an aldohexose (2-amino-2-deoxygalactose) in which the hydroxyl group at position 2 is replaced by an amino group (Collins, 2006). Galactosamine (as the N-acetyl derivative) forms a key part of both N- and O-linked glycoproteins, glycolipids and glycosaminoglycans. Treatment of experimental animals with D-galactosamine / lipopolysaccharide causes lethal liver injury characterized by apoptosis of the hepatocyte and it is used as a laboratory model to study the effect of therapeutic agents (Hirono, 2001).</p>

<p>Myricitrin is a natural compound that is found in the bark of the Myrica tree. It has been shown to have antioxidant effects and pro-apoptotic activities. Myricitrin has been shown to induce apoptosis in HL-60 cells through activation of the caspase-3 pathway, which includes cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and activation of caspases. In addition, myricitrin induces apoptosis by binding to DNA and inhibiting transcription. The physiological effects of myricetin are similar to those of myricitrin due to their structural similarity. However, there is no data available on the anti-inflammatory properties or hypoglycemic effect of myricetin.</p>

<p>Dapagliflozin is an oral antidiabetic drug that acts by inhibiting the SGLT2 enzyme. The SGLT2 enzyme is responsible for reabsorbing glucose from the kidney, so by inhibiting this enzyme, glucose will be excreted in the urine and blood glucose levels will decrease. Dapagliflozin also has a low bioavailability in vivo, which can be improved by administration with food. This drug has been shown to have a longer elimination half-life than canagliflozin and empagliflozin. Dapagliflozin has been shown to have a higher potency than metformin hydrochloride in vitro.</p>

<p>UDP-6-azido-6-deoxy-D-glucose is a chemical building block that is used for saccharide synthesis. The azide group can be reduced to give the amine which has been used to make a fluorescent tag for 5-(hydroxymethyl)cytosine in DNA. UDP-6-azido-6-deoxy-D-glucose has also been used to synthesise siderophore conjugates which can be used to deliver functional reagents across bacterial cell membranes.</p>

<p>Ethyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-thioglucopyranoside is a modified carbohydrate that has been synthesized by the click modification of an acetylated triose. This chemical was synthesized by reacting ethyl 2-(2'-deoxy-(1-&gt;4)-beta--D--glucopyranoside) with trimethylsilylacetamide and copper(I) chloride in dry tetrahydrofuran. This product has high purity and is used as a research tool for glycobiology.</p>

<p>Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-galactopyranoside is a high purity, custom synthesis, sugar modified product. It has a CAS No. 72904-85-9, and can be synthesized by the click modification of methyl 1,4-O-diacetyl D-mannopyranoside. The fluorination of the glucose moiety in this molecule is accomplished using NCS/BF3 complex in acetonitrile. Glycosylation is achieved using NEM/HBTU and DCC in DMF. The saccharide is then modified with methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene alditol acetate to yield Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene a D galactopyranoside. This product can also be synthesized by the glycosylation of methyl 2,5 dihydroxyacetophenone with methyl</p>

<p>Diethoxy phosphonyl 4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid methyl ester is a glycosylation agent that is used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It is a methylated derivative of 4,7,8,9 tetra-O-acetyl neuraminic acid and can be used to modify the polysaccharide structure. This product has been shown to react with saccharides and oligosaccharides in a click reaction to produce fluorinated derivatives. Diethoxy phosphonyl 4,7,8,9 tetra-O-acetyl neuraminic acid methyl ester is also available as a custom synthesis.</p>

<p>Diosmetin-3'-O-b-D-glucuronide is a custom synthesis, complex carbohydrate, Oligosaccharide, Polysaccharide. It has been modified by Methylation and Glycosylation. This compound is a sugar (CAS No. 152503-50-9) that is a carbohydrate with a high purity and fluoroination. The modification of this compound includes Click chemistry.</p>

<p>Propyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic monosaccharide that has been fluorinated and methylated. It is a custom synthesis and can be modified to suit your needs. This compound has been glycosylated and click modified. The purity of this product is high and it's molecular weight is 798 Da.</p>

<p>2,4,7,8-Tetra-O-acetyl-9-azido-9-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid methyl ester is a high purity synthetic compound that has been modified for use in Click chemistry. It is a monosaccharide with an acetyl group on the 2' position and an azido group on the 9' position of the sugar. This compound is used in fluoroination reactions to modify sugars and oligosaccharides. It can also be used in glycosylation reactions to attach monosaccharides and saccharides to proteins or other molecules.</p>

<p>N1-a-L-Arabinopyranosylamino-guanidine HCl is a carbohydrate that belongs to the class of oligosaccharides. It is a synthetic compound, which is custom synthesized for use in research. This product has been shown to be high purity and is methylated, glycosylated, and click modified. The CAS number 109853-78-3 refers to the chemical name of this product. The molecular weight of N1-a-L-Arabinopyranosylamino-guanidine HCl is 597.14 g/mol with an empirical formula C8H23N2O6.</p>

<p>1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-5-thio-D-galactose is a fluorinated monosaccharide that is synthesized by the reaction of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-acetyl-D-galactose with sodium hypochlorite in the presence of sodium bicarbonate. This compound has been shown to be an excellent substrate for glycosylation reactions and can be used as a sugar donor in polysaccharide synthesis. 1,2,3,4,6 penta O acetyl 5 thio D galactose can also be methylated with dimethylsulfoxide and trimethylsilyl chloride to form the corresponding methylated derivative. This product is available at high purity levels and CAS No. 68713-89-1.END&gt;</p>

<p>A gallotannin found in plants, with various biological activities. Its anti-cancer effect has been demonstrated in several cancer cell lines, mediated by inhibition of DNA replication, proliferation and angiogenesis. Elicits anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-diabetic effects. Recently, it has been identified as an inhibitor of c-Myc in hepatocellular carcinoma and multiple myeloma cells.</p>

<p>Phenyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-b-L-thiofucopyranose is a synthetic monosaccharide that is modified with fluorine. It is also known as 3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-(trifluoromethyl) fucopyranose. This compound is a complex carbohydrate that belongs to the group of glycoconjugates and polysaccharides. Phenyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-b-L-thiofucopyranose has been shown to be useful in glycosylation reactions as well as in click chemistry reactions. This compound can be used for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with custom modifications. Phenyl 2,3,4 tri O benzyl b L thiof</p>

<p>Thymol-b-D-glucopyranoside is a bactericidal agent that is resistant to encapsulation. It has been shown to be effective against animals and typhimurium in an incubated population and endogenous deaminase inhibitor strategy. The porcine activated food chemistry and abattoir experiments show that thymol-b-D-glucopyranoside has the potential to reduce populations of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract by inhibiting protein synthesis.</p>

<p>1,3:2,4-Bis(O-benzylidene)-D-sorbitol is a hydrogenated derivative of sorbitol. It is used in fatty acid devices and as a surfactant in hydrogenation reactions. 1,3:2,4-Bis(O-benzylidene)-D-sorbitol is an acidic compound that has a low molecular mass and is soluble in water. It reacts with magnesium oxide to form the corresponding magnesium salt. This derivative is also used in silicone residue removal and as an activated organic base.</p>

<p>D-Mannose-6-phosphate sodium salt (DMSP) is a phosphorylated sugar that is produced by the enzyme expressed in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DMSP has been shown to be involved in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and other lipids. Its solubilization and adsorption properties have been studied using dibutyryl camp, which is a lipid found in milk fat. The amino acid analysis of DMSP revealed that it contains both D-mannose residues and 6-phosphate groups. The 6-phosphate group is found only on one side of the molecule, which may contribute to its asymmetry.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of sialyltransferases</p>

<p>Petunidin 3-glucoside chloride is a natural compound found in the human serum and in kidney beans. It is structurally similar to chlorogenic acid, a major phenolic acid in coffee. Petunidin 3-glucoside chloride is extracted using hydrochloric acid and then purified by a surface methodology. The main degradation products of this compound are protocatechuic acid, fluorescence detector, procyanidin B4, and malonic acid. This compound can be used as an antioxidant or chemoattractant protein. It has been shown to have high levels of anthocyanins and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) when exposed to sunlight.</p>

<p>3,4,6-Tri-O-acetyl-D-galactal is a versatile building block used for the synthesis of mono- and oligosaccharides. The galactal double bond affords a ready means through which to introduce new functionality or introduce deoxy positions at the C1 and C2 positions to afford functionalised monosaccharides and also allows galactals to be used as glycosylation donors.</p>

<p>Methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-b-D-arabinofuranoside is a custom synthesis of an Oligosaccharide with a molecular formula of C12H22O11. It has CAS No. 1093344-99-0 and Methylation, Glycosylation, Carbohydrate, Click modification, saccharide, sugar. This product is a high purity product that is Fluorination and Synthetic.</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl-Fmoc serine is a protein that belongs to the group of bifunctional glycosides. It is used in recombinant virus production as a component of the viral coat protein (VP). 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl-Fmoc serine binds to tyrosine kinase receptors and inhibits their activity. This inhibition prevents cell adhesion and migration and can cause tumor regression in some cancers. 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D--glucopyranosyl--Fmoc serine also has antiviral activity due to its ability to inhibit the replication of viruses containing RNA genomes.</p>

<p>Methyl α-L-daunosamide hydrochloride is a drug that inhibits the production of DNA. It is used to treat infectious diseases such as malaria, in which it can inhibit the growth of the parasite by preventing DNA replication and transcription. The methyl α-L-daunosamide hydrochloride molecule is a polymerase chain inhibitor that binds to the enzyme adriamycin synthetase, which catalyzes the conversion of daunosamine into adriamycin. This binding prevents the formation of stable complexes with the target enzymes and blocks their activity, leading to inhibition of DNA synthesis and transcription. Methyl α-L-daunosamide hydrochloride has been shown to inhibit glycan biosynthesis in rat liver microsomes and does not have significant interactions with other drugs or with glycan in human serum.</p>

<p>L-glucose is a monosaccharide that is an important source of energy for the human body. The glucose molecule consists of 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 6 oxygen atoms. Glucose enters cells with the help of insulin and ATP-sensitive potassium channels. It has been shown that L-glucose can inhibit viral replication in vitro, such as HIV and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). L-Glucose may be used to treat squamous carcinoma by reducing the redox potential in cancer cells. L-Glucose inhibits the growth of c. glabrata by inhibiting transcription activators and enzymes involved in glycolysis. L-Glucose also has hypoglycemic effects on humans by reducing cortisol concentrations in human serum.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic sugar that has been modified with fluorine. It is an important building block for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates.<br>Methyl 2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranoside can be used to modify saccharides and oligosaccharides, as well as to add fluorine atoms to glycosyl units. This modification can be done using a click chemistry reaction with azide functionalized molecules. The chemical structure of Methyl 2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranoside is shown below:</p>

<p>3-Deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid ammonium is a bioreactor that is used in the delipidation of fatty acids. It is one of the most effective natural compounds for removing lipids, and it has been shown to be effective in reducing the levels of galactose and cholesterol. 3-Deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid ammonium has also been shown to be an effective antigen that can be used as a marker for various microorganisms, such as typhimurium, enterobacter, and lettuce.</p>

<p>1,6-Anhydro-2-azido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranose is a sugar. It belongs to the group of carbohydrates and has a molecular weight of 198.15 g/mol. The CAS number for this compound is 67546-20-7. 1,6-Anhydro-2-azido-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,-hexahydroxybenzoate (1) is an intermediate in the synthesis of 1,6 anhydro 2 azido 2 deoxy b D glucopyranose (2). In this reaction 2 are reacted with sodium azide and potassium hydroxide in ethanol to give 2 as a white crystalline solid with mp 169°C. This product can be used as a monosaccharide or modified monosaccharide for glycosylation or methylation reactions.</p>

<p>Used for the synthesis of 1β-O-acyl glucuronides</p>

<p>Sorbitan monostearate is a lipid-soluble compound that is used as a surfactant and emulsifier in food products. It has been found to be nontoxic when administered at concentrations up to 5000 mg/kg of body weight for 28 days. Sorbitan monostearate has been shown to be nontoxic in vitro, but the long-term toxicity of this compound has not been established. Sorbitan monostearate also exhibits hydrogen bonding interactions with calcium pantothenate, sodium salts, and coumarin derivatives. The model system used was an artificial membrane composed of chitosan quaternary ammonium and monolaurate. This study found that sorbitan monostearate is able to permeabilize the membrane at an optimum concentration.</p>

<p>2-C-Methyl-D-ribono-1,4-lactone is a ketose which is formed from the thermal rearrangement of d-xylose. It has been shown to be an acceptor for episulfide and an 1-deoxy-d-ribulose. 2-C-Methyl-D-ribono-1,4-lactone has been found to yield dimethylamine when heated with magnesium. This compound can be ion exchanged with calcium and magnesium. 2CMR was first synthesized by the reaction of L(+) lactic acid with dimethylamine in the presence of magnesium chloride. The product was purified by crystallization from water, yielding a white powder that melts at 230°C.</p>

<p>1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-a-D-glucopyranose is a natural compound that inhibits the Cox-2 enzyme and has anti-cancer properties. It induces cell death by increasing oxidative injury and suppressing autophagy. 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-a-D-glucopyranose has been shown to reduce xenograft tumor growth in mice while causing no observable toxic effects on normal tissues. This compound also inhibits the proapoptotic protein Bax and promotes the expression of Bcl2 in 3T3L1 preadipocytes. The mechanism of action may be related to its ability to inhibit basic fibroblast proliferation and induce apoptosis in k562 cells.</p>

<p>Triclosan-beta-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic sugar that can be used as a building block for the preparation of complex carbohydrates. Triclosan-beta-D-glucopyranoside is not known to have any commercial applications.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-thioglucopyranose is a sugar with the chemical formula C6H14O7. It has been synthesized by Click chemistry to have an acetamido group on one of the carbon atoms and a 2,3,5-triiodo substituent on the other. The methylene protons at the 3 and 5 positions of the glycosidic linkage are fluorinated to give this modified sugar. It is also glycosylated with glucose to form a complex carbohydrate. 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-thioglucopyranose has CAS number 781581-10-0 and a molecular weight of 318.19 g/mol.</p>

<p>6-Chloro-6-deoxy-D-glucose is a sugar that is used as a carbon source in the process of spermatozoa production. It has been shown to increase the fertility of animals by increasing the uptake of phosphorus pentachloride and ganglion cells in the testes. This drug also has contraceptive and antifertility effects, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the uptake of adenine nucleotide in cells. 6-Chloro-6-deoxy-D-glucose may have a role in ATP levels, with intracellular levels being higher than those in control analysis.</p>

<p>1,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranose (TAZ) is an aromatic heterocyclic sugar compound that is used in pharmaceutical formulations. It has low toxicity and can be synthesized using a number of methods. TAZ has been shown to have antifungal effects against Candida albicans and antitumor effects against cancer cells. TAZ also inhibits the activity of teniposide, which is a drug used for the treatment of leukemia. TAZ may be effective against cancer cells by acting as an amido donor and changing the conformation of the cyclic peptide.</p>

<p>1-Bromo-2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-a-D-glucuronide methyl ester is a protected D-glucoronic acid with an alpha bromide at the anomeric position ready to undergo glycosylation reactions with suitable glycoside acceptors. Pharmaceutically active compounds have been used as acceptors to form β-linked D-glucuronide prodrugs which can be used to modify pharmacokinetics, improve solubility and lower the toxicity of the drug.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-1,6-anhydro-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranose is widely used in carbohydrate chemistry. It is used as reagent for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and also as a precursor in the synthesis of oligopeptides. 2-Acetamido-1,6-anhydro-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranose is an analog of levoglucosan, a compound that is often used to trace for biomass burning in enviromental chemistry studies.</p>

<p>Alpha-Chloralose (max. 20% beta-anomer) is a chemical compound primarily used as a sedative and for rodent control. It is synthesized through a chemical reaction involving glucose and chloral, creating a substance with unique physiological properties. Its mode of action primarily involves depressing the central nervous system, leading to reduced responsiveness and hypothermia in targeted organisms. Alpha-Chloralose induces symptoms that facilitate its application as a tranquilizer, particularly in small mammals and birds during scientific research. Additionally, due to its efficacy in lowering metabolic rates, it is utilized as a rodenticide. Within this context, it serves to humanely control rodent populations by inducing hypothermic conditions, leading to a humane death. Its dual functionality—both as a sedative and a rodenticide—makes it a versatile tool in scientific research and pest management. The specification of a maximum 20% beta-anomer content ensures a standardized formulation, enhancing its reliability and consistency for experimental and practical applications.</p>

<p>Glycosyl-donor for syntheses of N-acetylgalactosamine-glycoconjugates</p>

<p>Cochineal is a natural dye that is extracted from the female cochineal insect. Cochineal is used in food and cosmetics, and as a red colorant in some pharmaceutical products. The carminic acid present in cochineal forms a stable complex with the anionic groups present in wool or silk, so it is not soluble in water. Cochineal has been shown to have genotoxic activity and can cause mutations at both the base-pairing level and at protein level. Cochineal has also been shown to be cytotoxic against human serum cells and disrupt mitochondrial membrane potential. Its optimum concentration for signal peptide detection by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was found to be 0.1 mM.</p>

<p>3,4,6-Tri-O-benzyl-D-galactal is a hydrogen bond donor and has been shown to have physiological activities. It was found to increase the number of lymphocytes in unimmunized mice. It also inhibits the growth of psoralea virus. The glycosidic bond between 3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-D-galactal and glucose produces a product with an acetylated hydroxyl group and an aldehyde group. This type of bond is stereoselective and benzofuran derivatives are formed from the reaction. 3,4,6-Tri-O-benzyl-D-galactal has been shown to have anticancer activity against cancer cells in laboratory experiments.</p>

<p>4-Methylphenyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-b-L-thiofucopyranoside is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide. It is a complex carbohydrate with CAS No. that belongs to the class of saccharide and sugar. Polysaccharides are made up of several monosaccharides linked together by glycosidic bonds, which are formed by the action of enzymes called glycosyltransferases or glycosidases. Glycosylation is the process in which a sugar molecule (usually glucose) is added to another molecule by means of a glycosidic bond. Carbohydrates are one type of macromolecule and they are important sources of energy in living things. They also play important roles in cell walls and as structural components in plants and animals. The chemical modification carried out on this compound is methylation, which refers to the addition of one or more methyl</p>

<p>A beta glycoside with an alkyne handle suitable to click chemistry</p>

<p>Methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-α-D-glucuronide benzyl ester is a Carbohydrate. It is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. The molecular weight of Methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-α-D-glucuronide benzyl ester is 584.1 g/mol. The CAS Registry Number for Methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-α-D-glucuronide benzyl ester is 14279733.</p>

<p>1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-acetyl-α-L-fucopyranose is a chiral compound and it has been used as a biocatalyst in the industrial production of L-amino acids. The enantiomers are obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of the racemic mixture with lipases. It has been shown that 1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-acetyl-α-L-fucopyranose is an enantioselective substrate for lipolytic enzymes. Lipolytic enzymes are also screened for lipase activity using this compound as a surrogate.</p>

<p>Used for preparation of biologically active compounds</p>

<p>Custom synthesis of D-glucuronic acid, sodium salt monohydrate.</p>

<p>a-D-Glucose-1,6-diphosphate tetra(cyclohexylammonium) salt hydrate is a synthetic sugar that can be used as a building block for polymer synthesis. It is an oligosaccharide that is synthesized by the click reaction of methylated glucose and cyclohexane diamine. This compound has been shown to be effective in the synthesis of polysaccharides and glycoproteins.</p>

<p>Predominant glycosylated metabolite of Salicylic Acid</p>

<p>2,3-O-Isopropylidene-L-ribofuranose is a chiral building block for the synthesis of α-amino acids. This compound can be obtained from l-arabinose and l-rhamnose by kinetic resolution reactions with reagents such as (R)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydrobenzo[b]thiophene or (S)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydrobenzo[b]thiophene. The product is an enantiospecifically pure mixture of 2,3-O-isopropylidene L-ribofuranose and its antipode. The use of acid catalysts such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid will yield a higher yield of the desired product.</p>

<p>Ethyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranoside is an anomeric sugar that contains a substituent at C4. It is used in the synthesis of oxazolidinones and thiazolidinones.</p>

<p>Methyl 4-azido-2,3-di-O-benzoyl-4-deoxy-6-O-trityl-a-Dglucopyranoside is a synthetic carbohydrate. It is used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. Methyl 4-azido-2,3-diObenzoyl4deoxy6OtritylAglucopyranoside is an intermediate in the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. This product is custom synthesized to meet customer specifications.</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-D-mannopyranosyl fluoride is a methylated, fluorinated oligosaccharide. It is a custom synthesis and can be used as a monosaccharide to modify polysaccharides or saccharides. The modification of the sugar with 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-D-mannopyranosyl fluoride increases the water solubility of the complex carbohydrate and its ability to be synthesized into other compounds. This product is high purity and has been modified with fluorine for better stability.</p>

<p>1-Bromo-2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-a-D-glucuronide methyl ester is a protected D-glucoronic acid with an alpha bromide at the anomeric position ready to undergo glycosylation reactions with suitable glycoside acceptors. Pharmaceutically active compounds have been used as acceptors to form β-linked D-glucuronide prodrugs which can be used to modify pharmacokinetics, improve solubility and lower the toxicity of the drug.</p>