Enzyme Modulators

<p>Inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK)</p>

<p>Tolcapone is a catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor that is used as adjunct therapy to manage symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Although its precise mechanism is unknown, it is thought to be an inhibitor of COMT and allows for a greater reduction in the symptoms of Parkinson’s.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of EGFR (ErbB1) and HER2 (ErbB2) receptor tyrosine kinases. Used for sensitization of HER2-overexpressing cancer cells to radiation as well as chemotherapy to tamoxifen- and trastuzumab-resistant cell lines. The compound blocks signalling via Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways leading to reduced cell survival. In trastuzumab resistant cancer cells, it inhibits HER2 phosphorylation, prevents receptor ubiquitination and causes accumulation of inactive HER2 dimers on the cell surface.</p>

<p>Spirapril hydrochloride is an antihypertensive agent, which is a synthetic pharmaceutical compound designed to treat high blood pressure. The compound is derived from laboratory synthesis aimed at modulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Its mode of action involves the inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is crucial for the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is responsible for the constriction of blood vessels and an increase in blood pressure. By inhibiting this enzyme, Spirapril hydrochloride effectively reduces vascular resistance and lowers blood pressure.</p>

<p>Inhibits factor Xa; anti-thrombotic</p>

<p>TPPB is a small molecule inhibitor, which is synthetically derived for targeted biochemical studies. It functions by selectively modulating G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathways through the inhibition of specific protein-protein interactions. This mode of action makes TPPB an insightful tool for dissecting the complex mechanisms by which G-proteins relay extracellular signals to intracellular responses.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of FLT3 kinase and acid sphingomyelinase</p>

<p>A potent Met kinase inhibitor (IC50 = 3.9 nM). Also inhibits Axl, Ron, and Tyro-3 (IC50 = 1.1, 1.8 and 4.3 nM, respectively). Anti-proliferative in Met-driven tumors in vitro and in vivo. Induces polyploidy in breast cancer cells and thereby chemoresistance.</p>

<p>Pemetrexed is a chemotherapy drug that belongs to the class of drugs called folate antimetabolites. It is used for the treatment of various cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer and pleural mesothelioma. Pemetrexed targets the enzymes thymidylate synthase, dihydrofolate reductase and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase. The drug works by inhibiting those enzymes so that the formation of DNA and RNA is prevented.</p>

<p>Dihydrocyclosporin A is an immunosuppressant, which is a cyclic undecapeptide derived from fungal metabolites, specifically from the soil fungus Tolypocladium inflatum. This compound functions through the inhibition of calcineurin, which is a crucial phosphatase involved in the activation of T-cells. By binding to the intracellular protein cyclophilin, Dihydrocyclosporin A forms a complex that inhibits calcineurin activity, subsequently blocking the transcription of interleukin-2 and other cytokines essential for T-cell proliferation.</p>

<p>Inhibits MET, VEGFR2, Ron, AXL, Tie-2, Flt-1, Flt-3 and Flt-4 tyrosine kinases</p>

<p>Tegafur is an antineoplastic agent that is used for the treatment of gastric and colorectal cancers in combination with other medications. This drug is a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil and has anticancer properties by inhibiting thymidylate synthase during DNA synthesis. Additionally, Tegafur causes disruptions of RNA functions.<br><br>Tegafur is part of our Bio-X ™ Range. These products are aimed at life science researchers who need high quality ready-to-use products for assay development, screening or other R&amp;D work. With a solubility datasheet and convenient vials, all of our Bio-X ™ products are in stock across our global warehouses for rapid delivery and ease of use.</p>

<p>Simvastatin Na is the salt form of Simvastatin. It acts as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and suppresses TNF-mediated NF-kappaB activation.</p>

<p>Multi-kinase inhibitor; inhibits epoxide hydrolase; antineoplastic</p>

<p>Inhibitor of Polo-like kinase 1</p>

<p>Potent and specific inhibitor of checkpoint kinase CHK2 with IC50 of 3 nM. CCT 241533 binds to the ATP pocket of CHK2 and shows minimal cross-reactivity against related kinases. CCT 241533 blocked the activity of CHK2 and impaired DNA repair in response to DNA damage in human tumoral cell lines. The compound did not potentiate genotoxicity of several genotoxic compounds but it did potentiate the cytotoxicity of a PARP inhibitor olaparib.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of vacuolar ATP-ases</p>

<p>Lifirafenib is a targeted anticancer therapy, which is a small molecule inhibitor sourced through pharmaceutical development processes. Its mode of action involves the selective inhibition of the RAF kinase family, including B-RAF, which plays a critical role in the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. By targeting these kinases, Lifirafenib effectively disrupts the aberrant signaling that contributes to tumor growth and survival in certain cancers with mutations such as BRAF V600E.</p>

<p>Tyrosine kinase inhibitor; affects EGFR receptor; pancreatic cancer treatment</p>

<p>Synthetic phosphodiesterase inhibitor</p>