Étalons de l'industrie alimentaire

<p>Applications trans-p-Coumaric Acid is the E-isomer of p-Coumaric Acid (C755365), a hydroxy derivative of Cinnamic Acid with antioxidant properties. p-Coumaric acid is a is a major component of lignocellulose. Studies suggest that p-Coumaric Acid may reduce the risk of cancer by reducing the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines.<br>References Kikugawa, K. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 1, 780 (1983); Ferguson, L.R. et al.: Mol. Nutrit. Food Res., 585 (2005); Chung, F.L. et al.: IARC Sci. Pub., 57, 797 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Applications Vinyltrimethoxysilane (cas# 2768-02-7) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Di(n-butyl-d9) 1,10-Decanedioate is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Dibutyl Sebacate (D429525(P)). Dibutyl Sebacate (DBS) is a dibutyl ester of sebacic acid. Dibutyl Sebacate can be used for plastics in use in the food packaging industry, in plastics used for medical devices, and for pharmaceutical applications. Dibutyl Sebacate is also used as a desensitizer in Otto fuel II, a torpedo monopropellant.<br>References Eriksson, M., et al.: Plant Physiol., 132, 732 (2003), ,,Beuve, N., et al.: Plant Cell Environ., 27, 1035 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Thiamine Nitrate is an orally administered vitamin. Thiamine is a essential nutrient required for carbohydrate metabolism and is involved in nerve function.<br>References Leuschner, J.: Arzneimittel-Forsch., 42, 114 (1992); Kawaski, T., et al.: Methods Enzymol., 122, 15 (1986); Mascher, H., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 82, 56 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Cantharidin is a well known natural compound produced by beetles of the Meloidae and Oedemeridae families. Insecticidal toxin. Apoptosis inducer in human H460 human lung cancer cells.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Khan, R. et al.: GMR. Gen. Mol. Res., 12, 4393 (2013); Hsia, T. et al.: Int. J. Onc., 45, 245 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications Glutaric Acid is an organic acid found in human urine which may be used for the detection of metabolic or other health disorders.<br>References Christou, C., et. al.: J. Chromatogr. B. Anal. Tech. Biomed. Life Sci., 964, 195 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,3,4,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzofuran, is a toxic polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/F), detected in domestic meat and poultry. It can be used as purified standards for analytical, toxic, and biological studies of these environmental contaminants.<br>References Huwe, J., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 21, 182 (2004), Llobet, J., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 178, 117 (2008); Feil, V., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 6163 (2000); Safe, S. H., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 32, 68 (1984);<br></p>

<p>Applications Heptyl Nonyl Phthalate is an phthalate esters used as plasticizers and additives. Used in toxiciology studies as well as risk assessment studies of food contamination that occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).<br>References Peterson, J.C., et al.: Int. J. Envrion. Anal. Chem., 18, 237 (1984); Gharagheizi, F., et al.: Indust. Engin. Chem. Res., 49, 12685 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Promethazine EP Impurity C<br>Applications rac N-Demethyl Promethazine Hydrochloride (Promethazine EP Impurity C) is a Promethazine (P757000) impurity.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Keipert, S., et al.: Pharmazie, 31, 296 (1976),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Bisphenol A derivative. A PPARγ antagonist; exhibits estrogenic activity.<br>References Krishnan, A.V., et al.: Endocrinology, 132, 2279 (1993), Steinmetz, R., et al.: Trends Endocrinol. Metab., 9, 124 (1998), Petersen, H., et al.: Eur. Food Res. Technol., 216, 355 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Toluene.<br>References Gargas, M., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 98, 87 (1989), Commandeur, J., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 47(2), 271 (1995), Campo, P., et al.: Neurotoxicol. Teratol., 21, 427 (1999), Lohse, C., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 48, 5913 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications It is noteworthy that 1-(3-Chlorphenyl)piperazine (m-CPP), resulting from N-dealkylation of Trazodone, is a major circulating metabolite in humans common to several antidepressants including Trazodone, Nefazodone, and Etoperidone (1,2,3). The metabolite m-CPP is of significant interest because it has 5-HT2C agonistic and 5-HT2A antagonistic properties. It has also been suggested that m-CPP may contribute to the antidepressant efficacy of Trazodone.<br>References (1) Bo Wen, et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 36, 841 (2008) (2) Maes, M., et al.: J. Clin. Psychopharmacol., 17, 358 (1997) (3) Fiorella, D., et al.: Psychopharmacology, 119, 220 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications Pyridoxamine Dihydrochloride (cas# 524-36-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Prototype of the family of naturally occurring cobalt coordination compounds knows as corrinoids. Analogs of vitamin B12 which differ only in the β-ligand of the cobalt are termed cobalamins. Synthesized almost exclusively by bacteria. Dietary sources include fish, meat, liver, and dairy products; plants have little or no cobalamins. Converted by the body into its bioactive forms, methylcobalamin and cobamamide, which serve as enzyme cofactors. Severe deficiency may result in megaloblastic anemia and/or neurological impairment.<br>References Rickes, et al.: Science, 107, 396 (1948); Kirschbaum, J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 10, 183 (1981); Grasbeck, R., et al.: Clin. Biochem., 17, 99 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Applications S-(-)-Norketamine Hydrochloride is the S-isomer and one of the main metabolites of ketamine (K165300), an anesthetic agent.<br>References Edwards, S.R., et al.: Life. Sci., 69, 2051 (2001); Zhao, X.C., et al.: Brit. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 74, 304 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Glycyrrhizic Acid is a triterpene saponin used in the traditional Chinese medicinal preparation for its anti-inflammatory, antiulcerous and antiallergic effects.<br>References Marsh, L., et al.: Biochem. J., 63, 9 (1956), Kitagawa, et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 36, 3710 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications (Z)-Fluoxastrobin is an isomer of Fluoxastrobin (F596000), Leaf-systemic broad-spectrum fungicide for use in cereal and food crops; member of methoxy-imiodihydro-dioxazines. Agricultural fungicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Milus, E., et al.: Plant Dis., 78, 697 (1994), D'Mello, J., et al.: Eur. J. Plant Pathol., 104, 745 (1998), Domijan, A., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 22, 677 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Triethoxy(octyl)silane is a hydrophobization agent used to limit coalescence in solid-stabilized emulsions.<br>References Arditty, S., et al.: Eur. Phys. J. E, 11, 273 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Rebaudioside A is a glycoside from the stevia plant. Rebaudioside A is used as a sweetener with sweetness about 300 times that of sugar with negligible effect on blood glucose. As a result, Rebaudioside A is known for its application in treatment of many diseases like diabetes, high blood pressure and weight loss in some places.<br>References Mishra, P. et al.: Glob. J. Biotechnol. Biochem., 5, 62 (2010); Liu, J. et al.: Ship. Gong. Keji, 30, 359 (2009); Santini, A. et al.: Prog. Nutrit., 10, 5 (2008); Heerranz-Lopez, M. et al.: Agro Food Ind. Hi-Tech, 21, 38 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Dichlorobenzene is used as an organic solvent in a wide array of chemical reactions. Also known to cause oxidative stress and induction of apoptotic markers in lung epithelial cells. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene is a side product of the production of chlorobenzene.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Peljo, P. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, 5974 (2012); Morbt, N. et al.: J. Proteome Res., 10, 363 (2011); Serguchev, Y.A., et al.: Theoretic. Experiment. Chem., 47, 123 (2011); Aracil, I., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 4169 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Betaine, is the product of the enzyme oxidation of choline. It can also be used as an organic osmolytes. Betain is a methyl donor of increasingly recognized significance in biology. It can also be used for the treatment of homocystinuria which is an inherited disorder of the metabolism of amino acid methionine.<br>References J. Biol. Chem., 234, 1171 (1959); Alex, N. et al.: Org. Chem., (1987); Rees, W. et al.: Biochem., 32, 137 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Applications Monoisopropyl Phthalate, is shown to have anti-estrogenic activities at higher than 10-4 M. It can also be used for the preparation of SB-462795, a cathepsin K inhibitor.<br>References Okubo, T., et al.: Bio. Pharmace. Bulletin, 26 (8), 1219 (2003); Wang, H., et al.: Org. Process Res. Deve., 12, 226 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 2-Pentyl Acetate has a weak banana odor. 2-Pentyl Acetate is an irritant.Environmental contaminants; food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dong, T., et al.: J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol. 89, 441 (2014); Xu, Z., et al.: Food Bioprocess Tech 9, 407 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dulcin is a non-nutritive sweetener. Dulcin is a sweet analgesic for use in medical procedures or treatments.<br>References Toropov, A.A., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem.,В 45,В 3581 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Thiamine Pyrophosphate is a thiamine (T344185) derivative produced by enzyme thiamine pyrophosphatase. Thiamine pyrophosphate is a cofactor used to catalyze various biochemical reactions.<br>References Andrews, F.H. et al.: Biochem., 52, 3028 (2013); Mueller, C.R., et al.: Org. Biomolec. Chem., 11, 2000 (2013); Haag, N., et al.: J. Neurosci., 32, 17842 (2012); Nemeria, N., et al.: Biochem., 51, 7940 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-dimethylphenol) is used in thermosetting resin composition for the industrial manufacture of metal-clad laminates and printed circuit boards.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References You, J., et al.: Faming Zhuanli Shenqing. 19 pp. (2019)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tetrachloroethylene is a common industrial solvent that is often found as a contaminant in groundwater. Tetrachloroethylene is also a suspected carcinogen to humans and is difficult to degrade biologically as it has no natural source. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Fathepure, B. &amp; Boyd, S.: Appl Environ. Microb., 54, 2976 (1988); Ryoo, D., et al.: Nat. Biotech., 18, 775 (2000); Vogel, T. &amp; McCarty, P.: Appl. Environ. Microb., 49, 1080 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tropinone is an oxidative product of Tropane, used to synthesize Morphine and Tropane alkaloids.<br>References Schmitt, K., et al.: J. Neurochem., 115, 296 (2010), Kok, G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 4499 (2010), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Vanillylnonanamide is a synthetic analogue of Capsaicin (175680) with similar bioactivity.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Turgut, C., et al.: Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 11, 7 (2003), Xu, Q., et al.: Environ. Toxicol., 20, 467 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dibenzyl Phthalate is an plasticizer used in toys that was found to exhibit potential estrogen agonist/ antagonist properties.<br>References Zhang, Z.B., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 207, 7 (2011); Mentlein, R., et al.: BIochem. Pharma., 38, 3126 (1989);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone (cas# 131-54-4) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Thiamine is a essential nutrient required for carbohydrate metabolism; also involved in nerve function. Biosynthesized by microorganisms and plants. Dietary sources include whole grains, meat products, vegetables, milk, legumes and fruit. Also present in rice husks and yeast. Converted in vivo to Thiamine diphosphate, a coenzyme in the decarboxylation of α-keto acids. Chronic deficiency may lead to neurological impairment, bariberi, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.<br>References Kawaski, T., et al.: Methods Enzymol., 122, 15 (1986), Mascher, H., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 82, 56 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Acetylthiophene is used in the synthesis of organoboranes as well as chalcone derivatives as anti-inflammatories.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ko, H. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 11, 105 (2003); Brown, H. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 110, 1539 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications Dicyclohexyl Phthalate is a phthalate ester used as a plasticizer as well as being present in cosmetic products. Dicyclohexyl Phthalate that is a weak drug-type inducer of hepatic xenobiotic metabolism.<br>References Lake, B.G. et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 51, 217 (1982); Tsutsumi, N. et al.: Optic. Mat., 29, 435 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Hydroxycinnamic Acid (cas# 614-60-8) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications A toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid isolated from Crotalaria spp. It is used for inducing pulmonary diseases in rats.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Newberne, P.M., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 387 (1971), Bober, M.A., et al.: Toxicon, 27, 1059 (1989), Wilson, D.W., et al.: Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 22, 307 (1992),<br></p>

<p>Applications Diagnostic determination of Melamine and related compounds in kidney tissue.<br>References Mast, R., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 21, 807 (1983), Yokley, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 3352 (2000), Ehling, S., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 24, 1319 (2007), Vail, T., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 31, 304 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications OCTYL GALLATE (cas# 1034-01-1) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Xylose is used in diagnostic malabsorption tests as well as in the production of Furfural.<br>References Ehrenpreis E.D. et al.: J. Acquir. Immune. Defic. Syndr., 5, 1047 (1992); Sérgio L. et al.: Cat. Comm., 9, 2144 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bisphenol F is a bisphenol derivative with antioxidant activities. Bisphenol F has been reported to exhibit estrogen agonistic properties.<br>References Higashihara, N. et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 81, 825 (2007); Kanai, H. et al.: Int. J. Cancer, 93, 20 (2001); Pospisil, J. et al.: Kinet. Mech. Polyreacti.Int. Symp. Macromol. Chem. Prepr.,5, 383 (1969);<br></p>

<p>Applications Nicotinic acid. It is a precursor of the coenzymes NAD and NADP. Widely distributed in nature; appreciable amounts are found in liver , fish, yeast and cereal grains. Dietary deficiency is associated with pellagra. The term “niacin” has also been applied to nicotinamide or to other derivatives exhibiting the biological activity of nicotinic acid. Vitamin (enzyme cofactor).<br>References Darby, W.J., et al.: Nutr. Rev., 33, 289 (1975), Black, A., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 54, 395 (2000), Cole, T., et al.: Br. Med. J., 320, 1240 (2000), Forshee, R., et al.: J. Nutr., 134, 2733 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications The epoxy resin bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), its hydrolysis products and a chlorohydrin of BADGE (BADGE·2HCl), have been examined for their genotoxicity in the micronucleus test and mutagenicity in the Ames Salmonella assay.<br>References Suarez, S., et al.: Mutat. Res, 470, 221-228 (2000); Sueiro, R., et al.: Mutagenesis,16, 303-307 (2001).<br></p>

<p>Applications A benzotriazole derivative with potential inhibitory effect on protease enzymes chymotrypsin, trypsin and papain.<br>References Akin, M., Res. J. Biotechnol., 9, 19 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Mono(2-hydroxyisobutyl)phthalate (M547525). Mono(2-hydroxyisobutyl)phthalate is a metabolite of Di-isobutyl phthalate.<br>References Engelhardt, G., et al.: Chemosphere, 6, 347 (1977),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fertirelin Acetate is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists that induces estrus in dogs and cats . It also has an effect on the pregnancy rate in cows.<br>References Kutzler, M. A.: Theriogenology, 68, 354-374 (2007); Osawa, T., et al.: J. Reprod. Dev., 55, 163-169 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dihexylphthalate-d4 is an labeled analog of Dihexylphthalate (B185430), which is a phthalic ester, which is used as a plasticizers for vinyl plastics. Phthalates may be associated with reproductive toxicity in humans and animals.<br>References Saido, K., et al.: ?J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc 61, 945 (1984); Foghmoes, S., et al.: J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 36, 3441 (2016); Przybyli?ska, P. A. and Wyszkowski, M.: Ecol. Chem. Eng., S 23,347 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol (cas# 3010-96-6) is a useful research chemical.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications Muscone protects PC12 cells against glutamate-induced apoptosis.<br>References Yu, L., et. al.: Neurochem. Int., 70, 10 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications (+)-Catechin is a flavonoid found primarily in higher woody plants as (+)-Catechin along with (-)-Epicatechin (cis form). Antidiarrheal.<br>References Das, S., Biochem. J., et al.: 125, 417 (1971), Das, N.P., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 20, 3435 (1971),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Tetracosanol is a useful reagent for organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid is a metabolite of polyphenols such as Phloretin (P339000) and Quercetin (Q509500). It may protect skin against blue light and other environmental assaults.<br>References Vaidyanathan, J., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 30, 897 (2002), Wolfe, K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 609 (2003), Marks, S., et al.: J. Agric Food. Chem., 55, 8723 (2007); Chem. and Eng. News p.28 , May 14, 2018<br></p>

<p>Applications Xylitol, is a lower-calorie alternative to table sugar. Studies have shown xylitol chewing gum can help prevent acute otitis media. Xylitol is categorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a food additive.<br>References Code of Federal Regulations Title 21, US., FDA (2012); Azarparzhooh, A., et al.,: Cochrane data. Sys. Revi. (online) (11), (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications ε-​Caprolactam is a synthetic precursor of Nylon-6 and other synthetic polymers. This compound also inhibits the growth of several Bacillus and Rhizobium species, but Arthrobacter species grow normally in the presence of this compound.<br>References Bomfim, Marcus V.J., et al.: Braz. J. Pharm. Sci., 45(1), 21-35 (2009); Kalinova, Jana P., et al.: Food Chem., 157, 380-384 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications n-Heptyl 4-Hydroxybenzoate is used as a reagent in the synthesis of sulfonylbenzoic acid esters as potential inhibitors of oestrone sulphatase with antitumor activities.<br>References Owen, C., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 55, 85 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ammelide, is a metabolite of Melamine (1) (M208700), which acts as a non-protein nitrogen food additive (2). Also present in pet foods as well (3).Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br>References 1. Mast R. et al.: Food Chem Toxicol. 1983 Dec;21(6):807-10. 2. Ehling S. et al.: Food Addit. Contam. 2007 Dec;24(12):1319-25. 3. Vail T. et al.: J Anal Toxicol. 2007 Jul-Aug;31(6):304-12.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Vitamin (enzyme co-factor).<br>References Lichstein, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 161, 311 (1945), McPhalen, C., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 225, 495 (1992), Fenn, T., et al.: Biochemistry, 44, 5317 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methyldibenzofuranis used in volatile composition of biomass tars used for liquid engine fuels with properties similar to gasoline and diesel fuels.<br>References Soltes, E. J., et al.: Biomass Convers. 5, 1 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Monohexyl Phthalate is a phthalate ester that was used to characterize human salivary esterase in enzymatic hydrolysis.<br>References Niino, T., et al.: J. Health. Sci., 49, 76 (2003); Moss, E.J., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 40, 77 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications Gallic Acid-d2 is the labelled analogue of Gallic acid (G188978) which is a phenolic acid with antioxidant activity. Gallic acid was found to protect human cells against oxidative damage and showed cytotoxicity against cancer cells. Gallic Acid and its esters also show antiviral and antifungal activities.<br>References Yen, G. et al.: Food Chem., 79, 307 (2002); Chen, C. et al.: Mol. Nutrit. Food Res., 51, 962 (2007); Kratz, J. et al.: Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 103, 437 (2008); Osborne, L. et al.: Infect. Immun., 33, 769 (1981);<br></p>

<p>Applications Syringic Acid is used in biological studies for electron transfer from plant phenolates to carotenoid radical cations with antioxidant interaction entering the Marcus theory inverted region.<br>References Cheng, H., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 62, 942 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl Vanillin, is used as a flavorant, which is about three times as potent as vanillin (V097500) and can be utilized in the production of chocolate. It has also shown to have antioxidant properties.<br>References Akihiro, T., et al.: Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 75, 2346 (2011); Yang, X., et al.: Biores. Technol., 102, 3498 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 3-Sulfanylhexyl Acetate is a precursor of 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol (M225270) found in grape juice.<br>References Harsch, M.J., et al.: J. Agri. Food. Chem., 61, 3703 (2013); Makhotkina, O., et al.: Food. Chem., 135, 486 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Clotiazepam (C587410) metabolite, with central nervous depressant and anxiolytic activity.<br>References Ito, K. et al.: Biopharm. Drug. Dispos., 18, 293 (1997); Nakanishi, M. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 16, 214 (1973)<br></p>

<p>Applications Induces the reversion of transformed phenotypes of v-H-ras-transformed NIH 3T3 cells at low concentration (12.5 uM) by inhibiting MAP kinase activity. Also inhibits the proliferation of malignant tumor cells by G2/M arrest and induces morphological differentiation. Apigenin has also been reported to enhance the gap juntion intracellular communication in liver cells.uv(max)ethanol: 269, 340 nm (e= 18,800, 20,900) moderately sol. in hot alcohol<br>References Chaumontet, C., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 15, 2325 (1994); Sato, F., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 204, 578 (1994); Kuo, M.L. et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 212, 767 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications Phthalate Ester metabolite, linked to precocious puberty.<br>References Engel, S., et al.: NeuroToxicol., 30, 522 (2009), Blair, J., et al.: Environ., Sci., Technol., 43, 6262 (2009), Xu, Z., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 3130 (2010), Clewell, R., et al.: Toxicol. in Vitro, 24, 327 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications One of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Is biologically less active than α-Tocopherol.<br>References Bianchi, G., et al.: Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technology, 105, 229 (2003), Sakouhi, F., et al.: Food Chem., 108, 833 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications (-)-Ethyl L-Lactate is a naturally occuring chemical compound that is often used as an industrial solvent in chemical reactions.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Paul, S. et al.: Tetra. Lett., 53, 2206 (2012); Santiago, A. et al.: Green Chem., 11, 65 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl Caprate, is an unsaturated biodiesel fuel surrogate. It can also be used as flavor and fragrance ingredients.<br>References Wang, W., et al.: Energy &amp; Fuels, 27, 5527 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Quercetin 3-O-β-D Glucoside is a metabolite of Quercetin (Q509500), a flavonoid with anticancer activity. It is a mitochondrial ATPase and phosphodiesterase inhibitor.<br>References Graziani, Y. et al.: J. Biochem., 135, 583 (1983); Levy, J. et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 123, 1227 (1984); Wei, Y.Q. et al.: Cancer Res., 54, 4952 (1994);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications dl-α-Tocopherol Acetate is the racemic analog of α-Tocopherol Acetate (T526155), one of the most bioactive of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Richest sources are green vegetables, grains, and oils, particularly palm, safflower and sunflower oils.<br>References Bianchi, G., et al.: Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technology, 105, 229 (2003), Sakouhi, F., et al.: Food Chem., 108, 833 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Azelaic acid occurs in rancid oleic acid. Azelaic acid is an antiacne agent.<br>References Bladon, P.T., et al.: Br. J. Dermatol., 114, 493 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications The more active Zearalenone (Z270500) metabolite.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Olsen, M., et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 48, 15 (1981), Chang, W., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 22, 887 (1984), El Golli, E., et al.: Toxicol Lett., 166, 122 (2006), Hassen, W., et al.: Toxicology, 232, 294 (2007), Benzoni, E., et al.: Reprod. Toxicol., 25, 461 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Di-n-heptyl Phthalate is a Phthalate derivative and an organic extract contaminant found in drinking water, which was shown to activate Nrf-2-Mediated Antioxidant response in human cell line.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wang, S., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 4768 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications A widely used chemical with potential thyroid-disrupting properties. Used in toxicology studies as well as risk assessment studies of food contamination that occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).<br>References Boas, M. et al.: Env. Health Persp., 118, 1458 (2010); Petersen, J.H. et al.: Food Add. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Cont. Expos. Risk. Assess., 27, 1608 (2010); Kwack, S.J. et al.: Toxicol. Res., 26, 75 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Fisetin is used in biological studies as spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors for autoimmune inflammation disease. This compound has neuroprotective properties.<br>References Tanjguchi, T., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 266, 15790 (1990); Singh, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 55, 3614 (2012)<br></p>