Triterpenes (C₃₀)

Prosaikogenin G is a compound isolated from the roots of Buleurum bicaule Helm (Apiaceae) and id a derivative of Saikosaponin d in the gastrointestinal tract,

Sericoside: a triterpenoid from Terminalia with strong anti-inflammatory and lipolytic effects, reducing wrinkles and enhancing skin texture.

3-O-Acetyl-16α-hydroxydehydrotrametenolic acid (3-O-Acetyl-16 alpha-hydroxydehydrotrametenolic acid) shows anti-inflammatory activity, it can inhibit NO

Eburicoic acid (ZINC4655149) exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity thereby protecting the liver from CCl4-induced hepatic damage and can be used

Taraxerol, a triterpenoid compound, has potent anti-inflammatory effects,it downregulates the expression of proinflammatory mediators in macrophages by interfering with the activation of TAK1 and Akt, thus preventing NF-κB activation.

Polygalasaponin F (PG-F), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Polygala japonica, can induce long-term potentiation in adult rat hippocampus via NMDA receptor activation.

Demethylzeylasteral exhibits strong inhibition towards UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A6 and 2B7, and the inhibition kinetic parameters (Ki) are calculated to be 0.6 uM and 17.3 uM for UGT1A6 and UGT2B7, respectively. Demethylzeylasteral has antimicrobial, strong immunosuppressive, and antifertility activities; it concentration-dependently and in a partially reversible manner can inhibit the Ca(2+) current in spermatogenic cells with an IC(50) of 8.8 microg/ml, and it also can inhibit significantly the sperm acrosome reaction initiated by progesterone.

Madecassoside is a mechanism-based inhibitor of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4, which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, wound-healing, and neuroprotective activities, It may have cardioprotective effects in LPS-mediated through inhibition of ERK, p38, and NF-κB activity, it inhibited the pro-inflammatory mediators, including COX-2 expression, PGE2 production, TNF-αand IL-6 levels and the up-regulation anti-inflammatory molecule IL-10.

Mogrol has exhibited anti-cancer activities, it suppressed leukemia cell growth via inhibition of the ERK1/2 and STAT3 pathways, in particular, through the suppression of p-ERK1/2 and p-STAT3. Mogrol significantly improved LPS-induced memory impairment in mice. It also suppressed adipogenesis by reducing CREB activation in the initial stage of cell differentiation and by activating AMPK signaling in both the early and late stages of this process.

Siamenoside I is one of the mogrosides that has several kinds of bioactivities, it exhibits maltase inhibitory effect with the IC50 value of 12 mM.

Roburic acid is a new triterpene 3,4-seco-acid from Section Cruciata of Gentiana.[1,2]

Ginsenoside compound K (C-K) is a metabolite of the protopanaxadiol-type saponins of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae), has long been used to treat against the development of cancer, inflammation, allergies, and diabetes; C-K acts as a unique HUVEC migration inhibitor by regulating MMP expression, as well as the activity of SPHK1 and its related sphingolipid metabolites.

Celosin H, celosin I, and celosin J could be used as chemical markers for the quality control of C. argentea seeds. Celosin I exhibited significant hepatoprotective effect on carbon tetrachloride-induced and N,N-dimethylformamide-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.

Mogroside V, a compound isolated from Momordica grosvenori Swingle, which belongs to the Cucurbitaceae, is a traditional Chinese medicine reported to have anti-inflammatory potential in murine macrophages and a murine ear edema model, mogroside V has the potential to protect against LPS-induced airway inflammation in a model of ALI.