Monosaccharides

<p>1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-α-D-mannopyranose is an acetylated sugar which is used as an intermediate in the mannosylation of glycoproteins or glycoconjugates. It can be used in the production of mannosylated glycoconjugate vaccines or lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) which have been investigated for improving antigen up-take mediated, via the mannose receptor (MR) of human antigen presenting cells (APCs).  1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-a-D-mannopyranose, also known as α-D-Mannose pentaacetate, has also been used in the study of isolated rat pancreatic islets where it stimulates insulin release.</p>

<p>Poly-D-galacturonic acid methyl ester (PDGME) is a natural compound that has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties. PDGME has been shown to increase the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins in mouse macrophages, as well as inhibit the activity of toll-like receptor 4, which may be due to its ability to induce caspase-independent cell death. PDGME also inhibits the growth of Clostridium difficile and other bacteria by inhibiting their enzyme activities. PDGME is water soluble and can be used as a reagent for biochemical studies.</p>

<p>Allyl 2-O-benzoyl-3-O-benzyl-a-L-rhamnopyranoside is a complex carbohydrate that can be used in the synthesis of saccharides and polysaccharides. It has been modified by methylation, glycosylation, and carbamylation. The CAS number for this product is 940274-21-5.</p>

<p>GDP-D-mannose is a natural mannosyl donor and substrate for mannosyltransferases that catalyses mannosylation, for instance during the synthesis of the trimannoside core of complex, high-mannose or hybrid N-glycans. GDP-D-mannose is widely used in (chemo)enzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides and its biosynthesis occurs from glucose-6-phosphate over several steps. GDP-D-mannose consists of a D-mannose unit, α-glycosydically linked to the nucleotide guanosine diphosphate (GDP). Examples of this important reaction would be the transfer of mannosyl moieties onto the dolichol-P-P-GlcNAc2 precursor of N-glycans in the endoplasmatic reticulum, with release of GDP, or the mannosylation reactions during GPI-anchor (bio)synthesis. GDP-D-mannose has also been used for the in vitro synthesis of b-mannan oligosaccharides.</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl fluoride is a fluorinated carbohydrate. It is a complex carbohydrate that consists of the sugar galactose. The glycosylation and polysaccharide modifications are used to synthesize this compound. These modifications are done by chemical reactions that include methylation, click chemistry, and glycosylation. This chemical has not been evaluated for safety in humans or animals, but it has been shown to be safe in rats when administered at doses up to 500 mg/kg. 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl fluoride can be found under CAS No. 2823-46-3 and is soluble in water at 25 °C with a solubility of 1 g/L.</p>

<p>Repaglinide is a drug that belongs to the class of drugs called meglitinides. It is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and has been shown to lower blood sugar levels. Repaglinide is metabolized to repaglinide acyl-D-glucuronide, its active form, by esterases in the liver. The majority of this metabolite is excreted in urine as an acyl glucuronide. A small amount of this metabolite is excreted into bile and undergoes enterohepatic circulation, resulting in reabsorption and conjugation with glucuronic acid. This process results in a decrease in the amount of repaglinide acyl-D-glucuronide that circulates through the body and prolongs its activity.</p>

<p>Intermediate in the synthesis of dapagliflozin</p>

<p>Methyl 4-deoxy-4-fluoro-a-D-glucose is a synthetic and custom synthesis monosaccharide for use in glycosylation, polysaccharide modification, and click chemistry. It is a fluorinated sugar that can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and complex carbohydrates. Methyl 4-deoxy-4-fluoro-a-D-glucose has CAS number 56926-53-5.</p>

<p>L-[1-13C]Fucose is a custom synthesis. It is an oligosaccharide that consists of D-fucose, which is a sugar found in the cell wall of bacteria. L-[1-13C]Fucose has been used as a substrate for methylation reactions and click chemistry modifications to study the binding affinity of various proteins. This compound has also been used in saccharide modification studies and glycosylation reactions.</p>

<p>2-C-Methyl- D- xylonic acid g- lactone is a monosaccharide that can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and complex carbohydrates. This compound is a fluorinated carbohydrate, which has been modified to include a methyl group at the C2 position. The chemical name for this compound is 2-C-Methyl-D-xylonic acid g-lactone and it has CAS No. 4983-92-1. This compound can be synthesized as a custom order and its purity exceeds 99%. Its synthesis can involve glycosylation or methylation, depending on the desired product.</p>

<p>Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-glucopyranoside is a nitro derivative of methyl b-D-glucopyranoside. The anomeric proton and the nitro group are in the same plane and on opposite sides of the molecule. This compound has been shown to be both a receptor binding agent and a gelation agent. It is used to study biological membranes because it binds to phospholipids in the cell membrane, which alters its physical properties. Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-glucopyranoside is also known for its ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This is due to its cavity that can accommodate one water molecule per monomer unit. The crystal structure of this compound has been determined by x ray crystallography and shows that it forms dimers through hydrogen bonding between two molecules in each dimer. These interactions are</p>

<p>3-O-Methanesulfonyl-D-glucopyranose is a high purity, custom synthesis sugar that can be modified with fluorination, glycosylation, methylation and modification. It is also synthesized from glycoaldehyde and methanesulfonic acid in the presence of sodium hydroxide and sodium acetate. 3-O-Methanesulfonyl-D-glucopyranose can be used to synthesize saccharides and oligosaccharides. This compound is soluble in water and has a boiling point of 218°C at 760 mmHg. It is slightly soluble in methanol, ethanol and acetone. 3-O-Methanesulfonyl-D-glucopyranose has a CAS number of 40631-95-6.</p>

<p>Trans-zeatin-7-glucoside is an abscisic acid (ABA) metabolite that can be found in plant tissue. It is used as a natural product to regulate growth and development. Trans-zeatin-7-glucoside has been shown to inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellins, which are plant hormones that promote cell elongation. This compound is purified from plant tissues by chromatographic methods, such as reversed phase HPLC or ion exchange chromatography. The sample preparation involves extraction with a solvent such as methanol or chloroform followed by purification on an analytical column. Immunoaffinity chromatography is also used for sample preparation, which involves binding to antibody molecules on the surface of a solid support material. Trans-zeatin-7-glucoside can be detected using analytical methods such as gas chromatography or liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Trans-zeatin-7-</p>

<p>4-Methylphenyl β-D-thiogalactopyranoside is a custom synthesis. The chemical is an Oligosaccharide, Polysaccharide, Modification, saccharide, Methylation, Glycosylation, Carbohydrate that has been Fluorinated and Synthetically Modified. It is a High purity product with the CAS No. 28244-98-6.</p>

<p>2,5-Di-O-acetyl-3-C-methyl-D-lyxono-1,4-lactone is a hydrogen bonded lactone. The crystal structure of the compound has been determined by X-ray crystallography and found to be a hydrogen bonded dimer with two molecules of water located between the two monomers. This compound is also known as 3,6,9,12,15,18,21 hexaoxahexacontane 1,4-lactone or DAL.</p>

<p>2,3-O-Isopropylidene-D-lyxonic acid-1,4-lactone (2,3-OIPDL) is a fluorinated polysaccharide that is synthesized from glycosylation of 1,4-lactone with 2,3-O-isopropylidene D-lyxonic acid. This compound has been shown to have high purity and is used in the modification of carbohydrates.</p>

<p>Building block for synthesis of oligosaccharides</p>

<p>1,2:5,6-Di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-glucofuranose, also known as diacetone-D-glucose (DAG), is a partially protected D-glucose sugar locked in the furanose form with isopropylidene protecting groups on the 1,2 and 5,6 positions. The unprotected 3 position is ready for a variety of chemical manipulations, such as alkylation, acylation or stereo-inversion. An orthogonal protecting group could be added to the 3 position to allow deprotection of an isopropylidene and therefore manipulations of the other hydroxyl groups. Diacetone-D-glucose has been used to make fluorinated hexopyranose glycolysis inhibitors useful in the treatment of brain tumours.</p>

<p>Component of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls. Peptidoglycan is a mesh-like polymer, made of a glycan backbone containing alternating subunits of N‐acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and N‐acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc). An enzyme substrate that is used to characterize and differentiate MurNAc and GlcNAc kinases.</p>

<p>2,6-Dideoxy-2-fluoro-L-mannose is a monosaccharide that is a fluorinated glycosylate. It is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and has been shown to be useful for click modification of proteins. This compound is also used as a substrate for methylation reactions. 2,6-Dideoxy-2-fluoro-L-mannose contains an oxygen atom at the C1 position and two hydroxyl groups at the C3 and C4 positions on the ring. The molecular weight of this compound is 180.16 g/mol.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl azide is a custom synthesis that is a complex carbohydrate. It is a glycosylation product of 2,3,4,6-tetraacetyl α--D--glucose and 2,3,6 -tri--O--acetyl--2--deoxy--β--D--glucopyranose. This compound has been modified by Click chemistry with 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP). The modification has produced an acetamido group at the C2 position of the glucopyranoside moiety. The compound is available in high purity for research purposes.</p>

<p>Phenyl 3,4-O-isopropylidene-b-D-thiogalactopyranoside is a custom synthesis of the complex carbohydrate Oligosaccharide, Polysaccharide. It belongs to Modification, saccharide, Methylation, Glycosylation, Carbohydrate. Phenyl 3,4-O-isopropylidene-b-D-thiogalactopyranoside can be used for Click modification, sugar and High purity. This compound is Fluorinated and Synthetic.</p>

<p>D-Glucosamine-3-O-sulphate is a naturally occurring sugar found in the human body. It is a structural component of a number of important molecules, such as glycoproteins, heparin, and glycosaminoglycans. D-Glucosamine-3-O-sulphate has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells by activating effector proteins that induce apoptosis and inhibit axonal growth. It also promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation, which may be due to its ability to increase heparin levels and reduce hepcidin expression.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of alpha-glucosidase II</p>

<p>The 4-methoxyphenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-benzoyl-b-D-galactopyranoside (4MP) is a coagulation factor that inhibits the activity of coagulation factors Xa and IIa. The compound has been shown to be reactive with the detection methods used for other coagulation factors. The sensitivity of 4MP to detection was assessed using a battery of detection methods. 4MP was found to be more reactive than other compounds studied with regard to the use of an immunoassay for detection. This compound has hepatotoxic effects and can cause cell death in vitro. Cell culture studies show that 4MP causes membrane permeabilization and cellular uptake by bacteria.</p>

<p>Mucic acid is a metal chelate that stimulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. It also plays a role in the production of energy in the body. Mucic acid has been shown to have a protective effect against infectious diseases, as it activates toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4, which are molecules involved in innate immunity. Mucic acid has been shown to protect against influenza virus infection by increasing the expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-12, which are cytokines that inhibit viral replication. Mucic acid can be used as a fluorescence probe for detection of polymorphonuclear leucocytes in blood samples.</p>

<p>Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, occurs widely in plants, such as, the fruits of the Sorbus and Crataegus spp.  Commercially it is produced by the catalytic hydrogenation of glucose (Collins, 2006).  Sorbitol is approved as a sugar substitute with the E number 420 and has ‘generally recognized as safe’ status (GRAS) from the US Food and Drug Administration. It is about 60% as sweet as sucrose and is a mild laxative.  Sorbitol has a wide range of other functional properties, including: humectancy, plasticizing ability, non-cariogenicity, and good chemical stability in harsh conditions, such as, alkaline pH and heat. Toothpaste production is the second largest application of sorbitol, accounting for 50,000 tons a year in Western Europe alone.  Other important uses of sorbitol as a humectant, include: formulation of cough syrups, multivitamin preparations, emulsions, and suspensions (O’Neil, 2013).</p>

<p>2-Methyl-(1,2-dideoxy-a-D-glucopyrano)-[2,1-d]-2-oxazoline is a high purity, custom synthesis carbohydrate. It has been fluorinated and methylated to increase its stability and resistance to proteases. This compound is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It can be glycosylated or click modified with thiol groups.</p>

<p>2,3,5-Tri-O-p-chlorobenzoyl-a-D-ribofuranosyl chloride is a sugar derivatized with chlorine. It is a high purity product that can be custom synthesized to meet your needs. This compound has been used in the synthesis of saccharides and oligosaccharides with click modification, fluorination, glycosylation, methylation, and modification.<br>2,3,5-Tri-O-p-chlorobenzoyl-a-D-ribofuranosyl chloride is an important intermediate for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. The chemical structure of this molecule consists of three parts: an aromatic ring (benzene), a glycosylation site (glycine), and a carboxylic acid group (carboxylic acid). The aromatic ring allows 2,3,5-Tri-O-p-chlorobenzoyl-a-D</p>

<p>Synthetic carbohydrate building block</p>

<p>Inositol-1-phosphate is a precursor of inositol and is involved in the regulation of cell signalling. It has been shown to inhibit neuronal death by decreasing intracellular calcium levels. Inositol-1-phosphate also inhibits epidermal growth factor induced cytosolic calcium increase in hybridoma cells. Inositol-1-phosphate has been shown to be neuroprotective, which may be due to its ability to stimulate p2y receptors and inhibit neurokinin-1 receptor activities.</p>

<p>Phenyl α-D-thiomannopyranoside is a saccharide that can be modified to produce various derivatives. Phenyl α-D-thiomannopyranoside is a high purity, custom synthesis carbohydrate. This product is synthesized by the methylation and glycosylation of phenyl α-D-mannopyranoside. The carbohydrate has been fluorinated for the production of fluorinated derivatives. Phenyl α-D-thiomannopyranoside is an oligosaccharide and sugar that belongs to the class of carbohydrates. It can be used in protein modification and complex carbohydrate synthesis.</p>

<p>D-Lyxono-1,4-lactone is an inhibitor of the enzyme fucosidase. It competitively inhibits the enzyme, but does not inhibit other hydroxamic acids such as enantiomers of D-lyxono-1,4-lactone. D-Lyxono-1,4-lactone has been used to treat HIV and AIDS because it prevents viral replication by blocking the synthesis of glycoproteins in the virus's envelope. It also has inhibitory effects on tumor cells that are not dependent on fucosidase activity. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) studies have shown that d-lyxono-1,4-lactone binds to human liver cells and blocks the binding site for cytotoxic molecules in these cells. The molecular modelling study has demonstrated that d-lyxono 1,4 lactone binds to a specific site on human HLA class II molecule and reduces its</p>

<p>Trans-beta-D-glucopyranosyl methylacetoacetate is a carbohydrate that belongs to the group of modified sugars. It is a synthetic compound and can be custom synthesized for your specific needs. This product has a high purity and can be used in research or as a starting material for the synthesis of other compounds. Trans-beta-D-glucopyranosyl methylacetoacetate is an oligosaccharide that can be fluorinated, methylated, glycosylated, or click modified. This product is also available in various grades, such as standard and high purity.</p>

<p>1,2,3,5-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-L-ribofuranose is a synthetic carbohydrate that can be modified with fluorination, methylation, or monosaccharide. It is a monomeric sugar that is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. The compound has been shown to have antiviral properties against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).</p>

<p>Phenyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido b-D-selenoglucopyranoside is a chemical compound that is used in the synthesis of saccharides and oligosaccharides. It has been modified with the Click reaction to give it a reactive group. This modification can be used for glycosylation or for incorporation into polysaccharides such as starch. Phenyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy b -D selenoglucopyranoside is a high purity synthetic compound that is available in custom synthesis quantities.</p>

<p>Potent and specific inhibitor of α-mannosidase I. It is active against the Golgi isoform (GMI) of the enzyme and blocks carbohydrate branch elongation from immature to complex and hybrid N-glycans. Its anti-viral activity against HIV-1 is characterized by the alteration of N-glycan pattern and shift to high-mannose glycans on viral glycoprotein gp120, resulting in decreased infectivity of newly synthesized virions.</p>

<p>4-Methoxyphenyl 2,3:4,6-di-O-benzylidene-a-D-mannopyranoside is a water soluble polysaccharide that is a methylated derivative of mannose. It has been fluorinated at the 4 position and modified with benzyl groups at the 2, 3, and 6 positions. This compound is used in custom synthesis to synthesize oligosaccharides or polysaccharides.</p>

<p>Haloperidol b-D-glucuronide is the glucuronide conjugate of haloperidol. It is a major metabolite of haloperidol, which can be detected in urine samples and plasma concentration–time curves. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenic patients and is used as a marker for schizophrenia. Haloperidol b-D-glucuronide has been found to inhibit the reduction of carbonyl groups by human liver microsomes, but not rat liver microsomes. This inhibition may be due to its capacity to bind with human liver enzymes, such as cytochrome P450 reductase and glutathione reductase. Haloperidol b-D-glucuronide also inhibits the uptake of antipsychotic medications into human liver cells, but not rat liver cells.</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzoyl-1-deoxy-D-arabino-hex-1-enopyranose is a glycosyl compound that has been synthesized by the elimination of trifluoride and alcohols. It is used as a starting material for the synthesis of other compounds. This compound can react with halides to form etherate or ester derivatives. 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzoyl-1-deoxy-D-arabino hexane can also be reacted with boron trifluoride or boron trifluoride etherate to form eliminations.</p>

<p>N-Benzyl-D-glucamine is a metal chelate that binds to lead and other heavy metals. It is used as a transport inhibitor for the elimination of lead from the body. N-Benzyl-D-glucamine has been shown to be effective in lowering blood levels of lead, with an elimination rate of 50% within 4 hours. When administered orally, this drug also has inhibitory effects on the absorption of lead from gastrointestinal tissues, which may be due to its inhibition of urea nitrogen and gastrointestinal toxicities. This drug can also reduce the excretion of cadmium and aromatic hydrocarbons in urine samples.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate targeting beta-glucuronidase</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranosyl serine (2AGPS) is a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and to reduce the size of mouse tumors in vivo. This compound also inhibits viral replication in vitro, and its antiviral properties have been shown to work on several different types of viruses, including herpes simplex virus type 1, human cytomegalovirus, and influenza A virus. 2AGPS is also a potent inducer of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathways in macrophages and dendritic cells. 2AGPS can be synthesized by using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique with synthetic oligosaccharides as a template.</p>

<p>Emodin 1-glucoside is a natural anthraquinone glycoside that is produced by plants and has been shown to have cytotoxic effects against human cells. Emodin 1-glucoside inhibits the function of enzymes, such as glycosidases, phosphatases, and proteases. This compound is activated by calcium ions and has been shown to disrupt mitochondrial membrane potential. Emodin 1-glucoside also inhibits sugar residues and has shown significant cytotoxicity against cultured human cells at higher concentrations. It may be used as a medicine for the treatment of inflammation or cancer.</p>

<p>Bearberry has been used for centuries to treat various disorders of the urinary tract and prostate. The active ingredient in bearberry is a flavonol glycoside called arbutin, which is converted to hydroquinone during metabolism. As an antioxidant, hydroquinone inhibits the oxidation of LDL cholesterol and may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. Hydroquinone has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in rat liver microsomes and tissue culture, inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis by blocking cyclooxygenase activity. In vitro, bearberry extracts have been shown to inhibit bacterial growth on agar plates with pH levels from 4-7 and at concentrations between 0.1-1%. It was found that bearberry extracts were most effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, with MIC values ranging from 2-4 mg/mL. Bearberry extract was observed to be more effective than ampicillin against these strains in a chromatographic assay.</p>

<p>Methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-6-O-tert-butyldiphenylsilyl-a-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic oligosaccharide that is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It has a high purity and is custom synthesized to meet the needs of the customer. This product can be fluorinated, glycosylated, and methylated to produce desired modifications. It may also be used for Click chemistry modifications. Methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-6-O-tert-butyldiphenylsilyl-a -D -glucopyranoside is an important sugar building block for complex carbohydrate synthesis.</p>

<p>Colchicoside is a natural compound that belongs to the chemical family of phenylpropanoids. It is used in the treatment of gout and pseudogout, and has been shown to be effective against demecolcine-induced hemolytic activity. Colchicoside has also shown to be an analog for other compounds with toxicological studies, such as hydrochloric acid and potassium dichromate. The toxicity studies performed on colchicoside have shown that it can cause damage to cells in culture by inhibiting DNA repair mechanisms.</p>

<p>3-Deoxygalactosone is a reactive compound that is formed by the reaction of glyoxal and galactose. The glyoxal molecule reacts with the hydroxyl group on the galactose to form a new aldehyde, which can then react with another molecule of glyoxal or galactose to form 3-deoxygalactosone. 3-Deoxygalactosone has been shown to have health effects in clinical studies. It also has been shown to decrease the dry weight of rats fed a high-fat diet. This compound also is an intermediate in the formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, which is produced during the Maillard reaction between sugars and amino acids. 3-Deoxygalactosone binds to proteins, forming hydrogen bonds with amino acid side chains and affecting their biological function.</p>

<p>1-Deoxy-L-mannitol is an effective oral hypoglycemic agent that has been used in the treatment of diabetes. It is a sugar alcohol with a chemical structure similar to glucose and erythritol. 1-Deoxy-L-mannitol is absorbed by the small intestine and enters the bloodstream after being hydrolyzed by pancreatic enzymes. It inhibits fatty acid synthesis, which leads to decreased levels of acetyl coenzyme A and increased levels of carnitine, leading to activation of fatty acid oxidation in liver cells. This drug also inhibits phosphatase activity, which leads to decreased production of glycerophosphate from triphosphate. This process results in an increase in intracellular pH and a decrease in plasma glucose concentration. The use of 1-deoxy-L-mannitol for the treatment of diabetes was first reported by George Cahill and his colleagues at Harvard University in 1967. It was shown that this drug could reduce blood sugar</p>

<p>4, 6-O-Ethylidene-D-glucopyranose is a glucose analogue that inhibits sugar transport. It has been shown to inhibit glucose transport by binding to the hydroxyl group on the red cell membrane. This binding prevents the sugar from entering the cell and as a result, glucose accumulates in the blood. 4, 6-O-Ethylidene-D-glucopyranose also binds to tryptophan fluorescence and inhibits cytochalasin B binding to tryptophans that are located on the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of viral, bacterial and animal sialidase</p>

<p>L-Galactose is a glycol ether that has been shown to have antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria. It acts by inhibiting the synthesis of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, which is required for the synthesis of bacterial cell walls and their components. L-Galactose also has an inhibitory effect on the growth of Gram-negative bacteria by preventing methyl glycoside formation. L-Galactose has been used in polymerase chain reaction assays as a competitive inhibitor in analytical methods. It can be used at concentrations up to 5% and does not affect x-ray diffraction data or pluripotent cells.<br>L-galactose can be used as a preservative in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and ointments due to its mildness and lack of toxicity. The use of L-galactose in these products may prevent spoilage due to microbial contamination.</p>

<p>D-Glucuronolactone is supposed to be involved in detoxification processes.</p>

<p>Peonidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride is a flavonol glycoside that is found in the plant peony and inhibits lipid absorption. It has inhibitory properties on fat absorption in vitro. Peonidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride also inhibits the activity of enzymes that break down dietary fats, such as pancreatic lipase, thereby preventing fat absorption. This compound has been shown to lower serum cholesterol levels and reduce blood pressure in vivo human trials. Peonidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride is extracted from the bark of the tree species Paeonia suffruticosa and is used as an ingredient in some weight loss supplements.</p>

<p>1-Chloro-2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-p-nitrobenzoyl-D-ribofuranose is a fluorinated sugar that can be used as a probe for the study of glycosylation and methylation reactions. It is also a complex carbohydrate with an Oligosaccharide modification. It is available for custom synthesis and has high purity. This product can be methylated, glycosylated, or modified using Click chemistry. 1-Chloro-2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-p nitrobenzoyl D ribofuranose is also an oligosaccharide sugar that contains one Monosaccharide unit.</p>

<p>6-O-Malonyldaidzin is a metabolite of the soybean isoflavone daidzein. It is an isoflavonoid that has been shown to activate estrogen receptors in vitro and in vivo. 6-O-Malonyldaidzin has been found to have a protective effect on hepatic steatosis, as well as an anti-inflammatory effect. This compound also appears to have matrix effects on plasma lipoproteins and vascular endothelial cells. 6-O-Malonyldaidzin is absorbed efficiently from the gastrointestinal tract, with its bioavailability being 70% or higher when taken orally. The chemical reaction for the synthesis of 6-O-Malonyldaidzin free acid can be carried out using acetylgenistin as a starting material. The sample preparation for this reaction solution may include distillation, recrystallization, or column chromatography. The analytical method for measuring the concentration of this compound includes UV spectrosc</p>

<p>Substrate for xylosyltransferases</p>

<p>Diosmetin-3'-O-b-D-glucuronide is a custom synthesis, complex carbohydrate, Oligosaccharide, Polysaccharide. It has been modified by Methylation and Glycosylation. This compound is a sugar (CAS No. 152503-50-9) that is a carbohydrate with a high purity and fluoroination. The modification of this compound includes Click chemistry.</p>

<p>2,3,4-Tri-O-acetyl-1,6-anhydro-b-D-galactopyranose is a sugar that has been modified with fluorination. This modification is done in an effort to increase the solubility of this product. It is also used as the backbone for other sugars in order to create complex carbohydrates or polysaccharides. In addition, 2,3,4-Tri-O-acetyl-1,6-anhydro-b-D-galactopyranose can be methylated and glycosylated in order to modify its properties. This product is available for custom synthesis and has a purity level of 99%.</p>

<p>L-Lyxonic acid potassium salt is a synthetic, fluorinated sugar that can be modified with a variety of functional groups. It is an excellent starting material for the synthesis of glycosylations, oligosaccharides, and sugar derivatives. L-Lyxonic acid potassium salt is typically used as a sugar substitute in food products. L-Lyxonic acid potassium salt is also used in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates and saccharides. L-Lyxonic acid potassium salt has been modified to include Click chemistry or other modifications to improve its properties.</p>

<p>Febuxostat is a drug that inhibits the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which is involved in the production of uric acid. The chronic use of this drug can lead to a decrease in serum uric acid levels, which is associated with lowering of blood pressure and prevention of kidney stones. Febuxostat has been shown to be effective in patients with polyarticular rheumatoid arthritis and allopurinol-induced gout. Side effects may include gastrointestinal discomfort, low dose-related hypertension, and cardiovascular complications. Febuxostat interacts with colchicine and other drugs that are metabolized through cytochrome P450 enzymes. This interaction may reduce the effectiveness of these drugs or increase their toxicity.</p>

<p>Substrate for N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases</p>

<p>D-Threitol is a carbohydrate that has been shown to have anti-microbial activity against a number of microbes, including E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. It may also be useful in the treatment of microbial infections in the respiratory tract. D-Threitol is an analogue of threitol with an acyl chain at the 4 position instead of the 5 position. The allyl carbonate moiety can be cleaved by acid to form an acid complex, which is more stable than D-threitol. D-Threitol binds to antibody response sites on cells, thereby preventing cells from responding to pathogens or other foreign bodies by initiating appropriate immune responses. This binding also prevents bacteria from attaching themselves to cell walls.</p>

<p>3,5,6-Tri-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-a-D-glucofuranose is a synthetic monosaccharide that has been fluorinated at the C3 position. It is an oligosaccharide with a complex carbohydrate structure. This glycosylation product can be custom synthesized and has been modified by methylation. 3,5,6-Tri-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene Glucuronic acid can be used in the synthesis of polysaccharides or as a sugar for click chemistry. The chemical formula is C13H28O4F3 and its molecular weight is 322.32 g/mol.</p>

<p>β,β-Trehalose is a carbohydrate that is synthesized by the expression of a trehalose synthase enzyme from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. β,β-Trehalose is an acidic sugar with two glucose subunits. It has been shown to have an enzymatic mechanism similar to that of glucose. β,β-Trehalose has been found to increase the solubility and stability of proteins in acidic phs (pHs) by binding to hydroxyl groups on protein surfaces. β,β-Trehalose also binds to alcohols such as ethanol and methanol, which may be due to its ability to form hydrogen bonds between oxygen atoms. This sugar also forms hexamers in solution, which may contribute to its effectiveness as a stabilizer for proteins and other molecules. The optimum ph for β,β-trehalose synthesis is around 5.5-6.0 and it can be used at higher ph</p>

<p>N-Methyl-D-glucamine HCl is a salt of N-methylglucamine and hydrochloric acid. It is used as a buffer to maintain the pH of solutions at a desired level. N-Methyl-D-glucamine HCl has an inhibition constant (Ki) of 0.5 mM for glutamate, which can be used to measure the concentration of glutamate in tissue samples or reaction mixtures. This compound also inhibits locomotor activity, and its effect on blood pressure may be due to its ability to inhibit amines. The Ki for chloride is approximately 2 mM, and it can be used to measure the concentration of chloride in solution.</p>

<p>2,3:5,6-Di-O-isopropylidene-D-mannonic acid-1,4-lactone is an analogue of the furanoid compound mannonic acid. It is a lactone that can be hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids with acidic conditions. This compound has been shown to be a good target molecule for efficient syntheses of alcohols and thiols. The configurations at the stereocenters are analogous to those found in other furanoids. The high yields and yields of this molecule make it an efficient target molecule for synthesis.</p>

<p>1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-D-mannopyranose is an organic chemical compound that belongs to the group of sugars. It is a synthetic compound that can be used as an analytical reagent in hepg2 cells and chloride. 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-D-mannopyranose has been shown to have a protective effect against adenosine receptors and phosphotungstic acid in brain cells. This sugar also has a strong affinity for lectins and can be used to study the binding of sugars to proteins by titration calorimetry.</p>

<p>2-Chloroethyl-b-D-fructopyranoside is a stable reagent that is used to prepare 2,4-dichloroacetophenone (2,4-DAAP), which can be used as a crosslinking agent. This reagent is reactive and should be handled with care. It forms a hemoglobin adduct by reacting with the amino groups of hemoglobin. The reaction can be catalyzed by dialdehydes. Affinities for tissue proteins are created through stepwise reactions involving ring-opening reactions or methemoglobin formation. 2-Chloroethyl-b-D-fructopyranoside can be used to synthesize a polymerized affinity column by using the ring opening reaction in an affinity chromatography process.</p>

<p>Indomethacin acyl-b-D-glucuronide is a prodrug of indomethacin. It is absorbed through the stomach and small intestine and metabolized in the liver. The pharmacokinetic parameters are not as well understood as with other drugs, but it has been shown that indomethacin acyl-b-D-glucuronide has a higher systemic exposure than indomethacin. This may be due to an increase in absorption or faster elimination. Indomethacin acyl-b-D-glucuronide is used for the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, gouty arthritis, and bursitis.</p>

<p>2-Acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-D-galactose (2ADG) is a structural analogue of the natural monosaccharide 2,6-dideoxy-D-galactose. It has been shown to have an antimicrobial effect against aerobacter aerogenes in vitro. 2ADG is metabolized by glycosidases and methyl glycosides to form 1,4-anhydro-2,3,4,6 tetraacetamido-2,4,6 dideoxy D galactose. This compound inhibits the growth of bacterial strains that are resistant to polymyxin b., such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The inhibition of these bacteria is due to the inhibition of the synthesis of their outer membrane lipopolysaccharides by 2ADG. The antibacterial activity is also attributed to its ability to inhibit the metabolism of glycan molecules in some bacteria</p>

<p>UDP-a-D-galactose disodium salt (UDP-Gal) is a sugar-nucleotide substrate of galactosyltransferases. It’s used as the donor of galactose in the biosyntheses of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Its low cellular content is also hypothetically linked to the defective galactosylation in galactosemia.</p>

<p>1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-benzoyl-6-O-trityl-b-D-glucopyranose is a custom synthesis that can be used for methylation and Click modification. This compound is an oligosaccharide consisting of sugar molecules linked by glycosidic bonds. It is a polysaccharide with a saccharide repeating unit composed of monosaccharides. The carbohydrate chain contains 1,2,3,4 tetra O benzoyl groups and 6 O trityl groups. This product has a high purity and can be used in the synthesis of other compounds.<br>1,2,3,4 Tetra O benzoyl 6 O trityl b D glucopyranose (1) was synthesized from 4-(2'-hydroxyethyl)benzaldehyde (2), 4-(2'-hydroxyethyl)benzoic acid (3),</p>

<p>D-Erythrulose is a sugar that can be synthesized from the chemical structures of glycolaldehyde and carbonyl group. It can also be produced by hydrolysis of erythritol, which is found in plant cell walls. D-Erythrulose has been used as an alternative to glucose for fermentation processes because it does not inhibit the growth of most bacteria. D-Erythrulose has been shown to increase ATP levels in Escherichia coli K-12 cells and to affect the activities of enzymes involved in glycolysis, such as glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerate kinase, and enolase. The metabolic pathways that produce D-erythrulose are found in many organisms, including Corynebacterium glutamicum, Brucella melitensis, and Brucella suis.</p>

<p>2,3,4-Tri-O-acetyl-D-arabinopyranosyl bromide - Stabilised with 2% CaCO3 is an organic compound that belongs to the group of glycosylations. It is a sugar derivative of arabinose and has been fluorinated with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. This product is custom synthesized and can be used for Glycosylation reactions as well as methylations and click modifications. It is also a complex carbohydrate and can be used in the production of polysaccharides. The CAS number for this compound is 113889-50-2 and it has a monosaccharide content of 100%. This product is available for purchase at high purity.</p>

<p>2,3,5-Tri-O-benzyl-D-arabino-1,4-lactone is a carbonyl compound that has been used to synthesize carbonyl compounds. It has been shown to catalyze the formation of benzaldehyde from acetoacetic ester in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The melting point of 2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl-D-arabino-1,4--lactone is reported to be between 138° and 141°C.</p>

<p>2-Methoxycarbonylphenyl b-D-glucopyranoside is a modification that can be used to synthesize complex carbohydrates. It is an oligosaccharide, which consists of a series of monosaccharides linked together by glycosidic bonds. The synthesis of this compound requires the use of methylation and fluorination reactions. This product has high purity and can be used for a variety of purposes, including as a sugar or as a polysaccharide.</p>

<p>Glycosyl-donor for syntheses of N-acetylgalactosamine-glycoconjugates</p>

<p>1,4-Anhydro-D-glucitol is a compound that belongs to the group of monosaccharides and has biological properties. It has also been used in the production of acetate extracts from fetal bovine erythrocytes. The ester linkages are formed between 1,4-anhydro-D-glucitol and sodium salt by reaction with acetic anhydride. The reaction mechanism has been studied in detail, and it was found that hydroxyl groups on the molecule react with sodium ions to form an ester linkage. This compound is toxicologically safe at high doses, but can become toxic at lower doses due to its acid formation potential.</p>

<p>Methyl 3-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis. It is a complex carbohydrate that is an oligosaccharide, polysaccharide, and modified saccharide. Methyl 3-O-benzyl-D-glucopyranoside can be synthesized from glucose with the use of methylation, glycosylation, or carbonylation reactions. The product has been fluorinated to yield a high purity product. This product can be used for click modifications or sugar chemistry experiments.</p>

<p>L-Talitol is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol that is found in the human body and in many vegetables, fruits, and grains. It has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of the bacterium Klebsiella aerogenes. L-talitol has been used as a model system to study the effect of matrix on the growth of cells. It has also been shown to have chronic pulmonary effects and to be effective for treating selenium deficiency. L-talitol can inhibit b-raf by binding to the hydroxyl group on its kinase domain and inhibiting downstream signaling pathways. This inhibition leads to reduced levels of transcriptional regulation in cells, which may be due to decreased protein synthesis or increased degradation of mRNA. L-Talitol also inhibits d-talitol dehydrogenase, which results in an increase in d-talitol concentrations in cells.</p>