Enzyme Substrates

<p>Substrate for hydrolases</p>

<p>Alternative chromogenic substrate for alpha-D-galactosidase</p>

<p>N-Acetyl-3,7-dihydroxyphenoxazine is a fluorescent probe, which is synthesized from chemical precursors and used primarily in biochemical research. This compound acts by undergoing a chemical reaction with hydrogen peroxide, resulting in the formation of resorufin, a highly fluorescent compound. The distinctive property of this probe is its capacity to produce a measurable fluorescent signal upon interaction with hydrogen peroxide, making it an invaluable tool for detecting and quantifying this reactive oxygen species.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indoxyl sulfate, potassium salt is a fluorogenic substrate for the enzyme alkaline phosphatase. This compound is used in the detection of alkaline phosphatase activity as well as in many other applications such as diagnostic tests and environmental testing. 5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indoxyl sulfate, potassium salt is available at high purity and quality.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl phosphate disodium salt hexahydrate is a substrate of the hydrolase alkaline phosphatase. The products of the enzymatic reaction are 4-nitrophenol and phosphate.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate to visualize the activity of alpha-D-mannopyranoside; red color produced</p>

<p>Lipase targeting MOSCERDAM® substrate</p>

<p>A sensitive fluorogenic substrate for fluorometric and UV-spectrophotometric assays of phosphatases. It is used for the detection of C. perfringens because acid phosphatase is a highly specific indicator for C. perfringens.</p>

<p>4-Trifluoromethylumbelliferyl b-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for beta-glucosidase. Upon hydrolysis, the fluorogenic moiety (blueish) 4-trifluoromethylumbelliferone (also known as TFMU) is released. 4-Trifluoromethylumbelliferyl b-D-glucopyranoside is commonly used in bacterial detection and in Gaucher disease diagnosis.</p>

<p>Sensitive fluorogenic substrate for leucine aminopeptidase or a broad specificity aminopeptidase like aminopeptidase M that releases a bright blue fluorescent dye, 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin upon enzyme activity (excitation 380nm emission 440nm).</p>

<p>6-(b-D-Galactopyranosyloxy)-9-(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)-3H-xanthen-3-one (MGBG) is a hydrophilic activatable fluorescence probe that has been shown to be effective in photodynamic therapy. MGBG is activated by light and has a high affinity for esterases, which are found in many tissues. The fluorescence of the MGBG is quenched by the esterase enzymes, but when it is exposed to light and oxygen, the probe becomes activated and its fluorescence increases. MGBG can be used as a fluorescent probe for intraperitoneal tumor resection or as a fluorescent imaging agent in optical microscopy.</p>

<p>Luc-Enterococcus K (LK) is a Chromogenic substrate that can be used for the detection of Enterococcus. LK is a conjugate of beta-lactamase and luciferase, which are both enzymes. LK is used in diagnostics to detect the presence of Enterococcus in food and environmental samples. LK can also be used as a chemiluminescent substrate for the detection of Enterococcus in clinical specimens or as an enzyme substrate for the detection of Enterococcus in clinical specimens. CAS No.: 64739-74-8</p>

<p>Coelenterazine is a bio-luminescent substrate of luciferases such as Renilla luciferase (Rluc) and Gaussia luciferase (Gluc). The main applications of Coelenterazine are monitoring of reporter genes and chemiluminescence-based methods for Calcium detection. The substrate is also used in bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET), ELISA, HTS and chemiluminescent detection of superoxide anion and peroxynitritein cells or tissues. About this grade Coelenterazine, native, dried (C-7002): in order to provide milligram and sub-milligram quantities of native Coelenterazine we pre-dissolve the substance; defined amounts of Coelenterazine are subsequently dried under nitrogen in individual vials. Coelenterazine, native, dried is identical in quality and chemistry to our product Coelenterazine, native which is provided as a powder.<br>Information to the user: since Coelenterazine is sensitive to oxygen, degas your solvents for stock solutions, if possible. To dissolve Coelenterazine, native, dried please proceed as follows. 1) Add the appropriate amount of solvent. If possible through the septum using a needle. Otherwise open the cap with pliers. 2) Vortex the closed vial briefly to completely dissolve the content of the vial. 3) Take out the solution, if possible with a needle through the septum.</p>

<p>Fluorogenic substrate for α-D-glucosidase. It has been used in studies of Pompe's disease (Glycogen Storage Disease). Used for differentiation and enumeration of Enterobactersakazakii based on α-glucosidase activity.</p>

<p>Luciferin-alpha-D-galactoside, sodium salt (LDA) is a bioluminescence substrate. It is used in diagnostic tests for the detection of bacteria and fungi. LDA is also used to measure the effectiveness of biocides and disinfectants. This product has been shown to be a potent fluorogenic substrate in chemiluminescent assays that can be used effectively with firefly luciferase.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate for α-L-Fucosidase. 2-naphthol is released upon hydrolyzation. By simultaneous coupling with a suitable staining reagent, such as hexazonium p-rosaniline, the corresponding azo-dye is formed. Naphthols can also be detected by fluorescence analysis.</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside-6-sulfate sodium salt is a high-quality fluorogenic substrate specifically designed for the detection and quantification of various enzymes, including beta-glucosidases and sulfatases. Upon hydrolysis by the target enzyme, this substrate releases the highly fluorescent 4-methylumbelliferone, allowing for real-time monitoring and accurate measurement of enzyme activities in biochemical assays, diagnostic tests, and research applications. 4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside-6-sulfate sodium salt has excellent solubility in water, ensuring a consistent and reliable performance in different experimental conditions. This versatile substrate is an essential tool for researchers and industry professionals who require a sensitive and reproducible detection method for enzymes of interest.</p>

<p>2-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the presence of galactosidase enzymes in various biological and biochemical assays. It consists of a nitrophenyl group attached to a galactose sugar molecule through a thioglycosidic bond. When acted upon by enzymes such as galactosidases, it releases the colored nitrophenyl group, which can be detected using spectrophotometry. This substrate is commonly used in assays for the detection of LacZ activity in bacterial cultures, as lacZ encodes for β-galactosidase.</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl N-acetyl-a-D-neuraminic acid sodium salt (4-MUNANA) is a fluorogenic substrate of neuraminidase. 4-Methylumbelliferone is released from 4-MUNANA by neuraminidase in the assay and can be detected fluorometrically with excitation at 365-380 nm and emission at 445-454 nm. It can also be used for fluorescent staining of sialidases in PAGE.</p>

<p>5-Nitro-3-indolyl-b-D-galactopyranoside is a substrate for a number of enzymes, including beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, and beta-mannosidase. It is used as an enzyme substrate in diagnostics to measure the activity of these enzymes. 5N3IG was also used to study the effects of conjugation on enzyme activity. 5N3IG is available in high purity and high quality at CAS No.</p>

<p>Aldol® 515 acetate is a chromogenic and fluorogenic substrate, used for detection of esterase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by purified esterase, or esterase secreted by microorganisms in liquid or solid media, yielding a red color and red fluorescence signal when Aldol® 355 fluorescence enhancer or a suitable matrix is present. Aldol® 515 acetate can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Well detectable color/fluorescence of bacterial colonies or liquid cultures is obtained within 16-48 h. In the presence of a purified esterase, color and fluorescence develops within minutes to few hours.</p>

<p>Acetyl-L-alanine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin is a fluorogenic substrate for aminopeptidase. The enzyme cleaves the N-terminal amino acids, yielding a blue fluorescent solution.</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl-2-O-(alpha-L-fucopyranosyl)-beta-L-fucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for alpha-L-fucosidase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl-2-O-(alpha-L-fucopyranosyl)-beta-L-fucopyranosideas a substrate for measuring the alpha-L-fucosidase activity is used for diagnosis of fucosidosis (defficiency of L-fucosidase).</p>

<p>L-Phenylalanine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin trifluoroacetate salt is a fluorogenic peptide substrate for aminopeptidase. This AMC peptide substrate is normally used to rapidly profile the N-terminal specificity of proteases.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-alpha-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid, cyclohexylammonium salt is a Fluorogenic substrate used for the detection of an enzyme that converts sialic acid to fluorescein. This product has a high quality and purity with a CAS number. It is used in Culture media as a conjugate, Enzyme substrate, Food testing, High purity, Diagnostics, ligand, Chromogenic substrate, Environmental testing. The product has been tested and found to be safe for use with animals and humans.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate for N-Acetyl-β-D-galactosaminidase yielding a salmon-colored precipitate.</p>

<p>Coelenterazine e is a synthetic, fluorescent amino acid that can be used to measure calcium ion concentration. It binds to calcium ions and emits light when excited with blue light. Coelenterazine e is an analog of coelenteramide, which is a luminescent protein found in jellyfish. Coelenterazine e has been shown to emit fluorescence when it interacts with calcium ions, while coelenteramide emits bioluminescence instead. The emission of light from coelenterazine e is due to the stabilization of the molecule by calcium ions.</p>

<p>6-Bromo-2-naphthyl beta-D-glucuronide is a substrate for beta-glucuronidase, an enzyme involved in detoxification and bacterial metabolism. Upon enzymatic hydrolysis, it releases 6-bromo-2-naphthol, which forms a detectable dye when reacted with diazonium salts. This compound is widely used in microbiology to detecting E. coli in water testing and histochemical staining. 6-Bromo-2-naphthyl beta-D-glucuronide is also been used in cancer research studies. It has been found that some tumors are related to a high activity of beta-glucuronidase, responsible to reactivate the carcinogens and promote tumor progression, developing a drug resistance to chemotherapy.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl beta-L-arabinopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for beta-L-arabinosidase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl beta-L-arabinopyranoside is used in different applications such as the Bacterial arabinan degradation assays, gut microbiome analysis</p>

<p>Selenium analogue of firefly luciferin with red-shifted bioluminescence</p>

<p>3-(7-Hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxamido)propyl 4-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that is used for the detection of beta-galactosidase. It has been shown to be an efficient substrate for the enzyme beta galactosidase and can be used to detect this enzyme in cell culture media and other diagnostic applications. 3-(7-Hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxamido)propyl 4-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside can also be used as a chromogenic substrate, which is added to a reaction mixture containing beta galactosidase, where it is hydrolyzed by the enzyme to produce a blue color. This product also has food testing and environmental testing applications.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl-beta-L-fucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used in the determination of alpha-glucosidase activity. The formation of phenol from 4-nitrophenyl leads to the production of a yellow color that can be quantified by measuring its absorbance at 490 nm. This assay is based on the principle that alpha-glucosidase hydrolyzes sucrose into glucose and fructose, which are then oxidized to form 4-nitrophenol and 4-nitroanomeric acid, respectively. The reaction product is detected by measuring the absorption at 490 nm.</p>

<p>Fluorogenic substrate for N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase yielding a blue fluorescent solution. Used for rapid identification of Salmonella species.</p>

<p>N-CBZ-L-Lysyl-L-lysyl-L-arginine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin triacetate is a synthetic peptide substrate used as a fluorogenic substrate for aminopeptidase.</p>

<p>Synthetic chromogenic substrate for detection of lipase enzyme activity that produces a red coloured product, Suitable for use in serum of plasma matrices. This lipase substrate is commonly used in veterinary diagnostics for monitoring and detecting canine pancreatitis,</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-ribofuranoside is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of phenols. It has been found in Australian plants and animals. 4-Methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-ribofuranoside is used as a corrosion inhibitor. This chemical has been shown to be effective against corrosion in mammals.br&gt;br&gt;<br>4-Methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-ribofuranoside can also be used as a fluorescent probe for studying cell membrane activity.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic pNP substrate specifically designed for the analysis of N-acetylglucosaminidase activity. Upon enzyme action, the substrate releases 4-nitrophenol, a yellow compound that can be detected by spectrophotometric methods, providing a reliable and sensitive means of quantifying enzyme activity. This versatile substrate is widely used in biochemical studies, disease diagnostics, and the enzyme production industry.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate yielding a soluble yellow chromophor for the colorimetric assay of α-L-fucosidase, especially in human serum.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 2-O-trans-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside is a chromogenic substrate for alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase. Upon hydrolysis, para-nitrophenol is released yielding a yellowish colour. 4-Nitrophenyl 2-O-trans-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside is used in different applications such as the Plant biomass analysis, bacterial arabinan degradation assays</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl sulfate, potassium salt is a metabolite of 4-methylumbelliferone and has been used as a human serum marker. This molecule is conjugated with glucuronide and p-hydroxybenzoic acid to form the sulfate, glucuronide conjugate. The reaction mechanism of this compound is not known, but it is thought that the metabolism may involve oxidation at the methyl group. The analytical method for this compound can be performed using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This method can also be used in vitro to test antimicrobial activity against bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate yielding a soluble yellow chromophor for the colorimetric assay of phosphatases.</p>

<p>1-Naphthyl a-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate use to detect alpha-galactosidase activity.</p>

<p>Luc-S.aureus K is an enzyme conjugate containing luciferase and a specific antibody against Staphylococcus aureus. It is used for detection of S.aureus in laboratory cultures, food, and environmental samples. The light produced by this product is proportional to the amount of bacteria present in the sample. This product can be used as a chemiluminescent substrate for detecting alkaline phosphatase activity or as a fluoro-luminescent substrate for detecting beta-galactosidase activity. Luc-S.aureus K has high purity and high quality, with 100% specific binding affinity for S.aureus and no cross reactivity with other bacteria or host cells, making it suitable for use in diagnostic applications.</p>

<p>For detection of beta-galactosidase activity. <br>The colors of the chromogen can be adjusted by incorporating different functional groups, e.g. cyano or nitro group, which yields purple or black green colonies with beta-galactosidase positive strain.</p>

<p>Nalpha-CBZ-L-Citrulline-p-nitroanilide is a synthetic chromogenic enzyme substrate used in protease enzymatic stutides. After hydrolysis, p-nitroaniline is released, which produces a yellow color detectable spectrophotometrically at 405 nm.</p>

<p>Fluorochrome for calibration of fluorimeters.  Used with corresponding fluorogenic substrates for the diagnosis of Krabbe - and Niemann-Pick A/B disease.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate yielding a soluble chromophore for the colorimetric assay of α-D-galactosidase upon cleavage. Used for the detection of hydrolases in tissues and membranes.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl O-(N-acetyl-a-neuraminosyl)-(2,3)-O-b-D-galactopyranosyl-(1,3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyran oxide is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in the detection of glycosidases. It has been shown to be an excellent ligand for the enzyme beta galactosidase, which cleaves the glycan substrate 4NPOBGPA into 4NP and O-(N acetyl) neuraminic acid. 4NPOBGPA can be used as a chromogenic substrate for detecting beta galactosidase activity and can also be conjugated to other fluorescent molecules. This product is high purity and high quality.</p>

<p>Phosphoric acid, mono(4-nitrophenyl) ester is an inhibitor that binds to the human serum albumin (HSA), thereby preventing it from binding to the transcriptional regulatory protein. This leads to a decrease in the activity of this protein and consequently less inhibition of gene expression. The structural analysis of this inhibitor has shown that it forms hydrogen bonding interactions with basic proteins, while its reactivity is mainly dependent on Michaelis–Menten kinetics. The inhibitor also inhibits enzyme activities by binding to their active sites, reducing the enzyme's ability to catalyze reactions.</p>

<p>PAIRED PRODUCT AVAILABLE: alpha-L-iduronidase Enzyme, FI179383.<br>4MU-alpha-L-idopyranosiduronic acid is a fluorogenic substrate for alpha-L-iduronidase. Active alpha-L-iduronidase cleaves the MU moiety from the synthetic substrate, which results in release of a fluorescent signal (Ex 360 nm / Em 455 nm). The reaction is stopped by the addition of sodium carbonate. 4MU-alpha-L-idopyranosiduronic acid is used in alpha-L-iduronidase assays in the context of biochemical characterisation of samples from patients affected by lysosomal storage disease mucopolysaccharidosis I (MPS I).</p>

<p>Methylumbelliferyl oleate is a MOSCERDAM® substrate targeting the lipase enzyme</p>

<p>4-Trifluoromethylumbelliferyl β-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for beta-galactosidase&Tab;. Upon hydrolysis, the fluorogenic moiety (blueish) 4-trifluoromethylumbelliferone (also known as TFMU) is released. 4-Trifluoromethylumbelliferyl β-D-galactopyranoside is commonly used in bacterial detection and in LacZ gene expression assays.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl butyrate is a colorimetric substrate used to detect and quantify esterase activity. Upon hydrolysis by esterases, it yields a blue-green dye, allowing the detection and quantification of enzyme activity. It is commonly used in assays for the screening of esterase-producing microorganisms and in research aimed at understanding the role of esterases in various cellular processes.</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl nonanoate is a fluorogenic substrate for lipase. After enzymatic cleaveage, free 4-methylumbelliferone (also known as hymecromone) is released, exhibiting blue fluorescence upon excitation with UV light. The strongest fluorescence of 4-methylumbelliferone requires deprotonation of the hydroxyl group (thus requires alkaline pH), with a maximal fluorescence intensity obtained with excitation at 350 to 370 nm and emission at 440 to 470 nm. The use of 4-methylumbelliferyl nonanoateas a substrate for measuring the lipase activity is used for the detection of lipase deficiency that could lead to pancreatic insufficiency.</p>

<p>Histochemical substrate for esterase</p>

<p>4-Trifluoromethylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for beta-galactosidase. It is used in the detection of beta-galactosidase activity in cell lysates and culture media, as well as in food testing. This compound has been shown to be highly pure, with a purity greater than 98%. 4-Trifluoromethylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside has also been shown to have high chemiluminescence, making it an ideal candidate for use in diagnostics.</p>

<p>A substrate for alkaline phosphatase yielding a blue insoluble product upon cleavage. Colour can be further enhanced when used together with Nitroblue tetrazolium. The substrate system is versatile and has functions in a variety of applications, including Northern, Southern, and Western blotting, in situ hybridization, ELISAs, microarray and immunohistochemistry. The micronized structure enhances solubility.</p>

<p>Fluorogenic cellulose analogue</p>

<p>Water soluble substrate for firefly luciferase. Used for imaging the expression of the LUC marker gene and luciferase-fusion conjugates in living cells, tissues and organisms. Extensively utilized in reporter gene assays, immunoassays and hygiene monitoring.</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferone is a coumarin derivative that inhibits the activity of enzymes such as p-nitrophenyl phosphate oxidase and aminopeptidase. It is used in vitro to study oxidative injury, which plays a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, including primary sclerosing cholangitis and bone marrow transplantation. 4-Methylumbelliferone has been shown to induce apoptosis by increasing reactive oxygen species levels and activating toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). It also has inhibitory effects on osteosarcoma cell proliferation in vitro.</p>

<p>6-Chloro-3-indoxyl caprylate is a high quality, enzyme substrate, chromogenic substrate, bioluminescence, chemiluminescence ligand, staining and diagnostics reagent. It has CAS No. 159954-35-5 and is used in food testing, culture media and environmental testing. 6-Chloro-3-indoxyl caprylate is also a fluorogenic substrate that is used for high purity applications such as conjugation with other molecules.</p>

<p>FLsharp™ - Phosphate, disodium salt is a fluorogenic water-soluble substrate for phosphatase enzymes. Its chemical name is 6-Chloro-2-[5-chloro-2-(phosphonooxy)phenyl]-4(1H)-quinazolinone disodium salt and was developed by Molecular Probes in the 1990s. After cleavage of the substrate by phosphatase activity, an insoluble product is formed that is highly fluorescent in the solid state. Upon UV irradiation this very stable fluorophore emits green light in the 530 nm range for an extended period of time. FLsharp™ is a unique substrate - optimized for the detection of phosphatase activity in solid matrices such as agar media, tissue sections or microscopic preparations. FLsharp™ - Phosphate, disodium salt is used in microbiology as a substrate for bacterial phosphatases.</p>

<p>Chromogenic β-xylosidase substrate yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage.</p>

<p>2-Fluoro-4-nitrophenyl b-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate in enzymatic assays with β-galactosidase. Commonly abbreviated as PFONPG, it is a hydrophilic compound that can be dissolved in saline and blood samples, which makes it a suitable candidate for diagnostic applications as a gene reporter probe by simple analytic methodologies. 2-Fluoro-4-nitrophenyl b-D-galactopyranoside have been used to detect and monitor the growth of prostate tumor cells.</p>

<p>2-O-(4-Nitrophenyl)-a-D-N-glycolylneuraminic acid is commonly used to measure the activity of sialidase enzymes, specifically those that cleave glycoconjugates containing 2-O-(4-nitrophenyl)-alpha-D-N-glycolylneuraminic acid. The resulting product can be detected by measuring the absorbance at a specific wavelength using a spectrophotometer. This substrate offers a high degree of specificity for glycolylneuraminic acid-containing substrates and is useful for both research and diagnostic purposes.</p>

<p>Calcium 2-naphthylphosphate, which is the calcim salt of 2-naphthylphosphate, is a chromogenic substrate to measure alkaline phosphatase activity. After enzymatic cleavage, the product yielded (2-naphthol) generates a red-colored complex upon reaction with a diazonium salt like Fast Blue RR or Fast Garnet GBC.</p>

<p>Chromogenic beta-Glucosidase substrate yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage.</p>

<p>2-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate used to assay the activity of enzymes that cleave N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminide, such as chitinases and lysozymes. Upon cleavage by the enzyme of interest, the substrate releases a yellow-colored 2-nitrophenol that can be measured spectrophotometrically. This substrate is widely used in the food industry to monitor the activity of lysozyme in cheese, as well as in biomedical research for studying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in conditions such as inflammation and cancer.</p>

<p>Sensitive fluorogenic substrate for fluorometric and UV-spectrophotometric assays of phosphatases.</p>

<p>Luc-Listeria Na is a conjugated substrate for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in food, environmental and clinical samples. It is a high purity product that can be used for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes from culture media, bioluminescence, chromogenic substrate, and fluorogenic substrate. Luc-Listeria Na is also a ligand for ELISA and IHC assays.</p>

<p>2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside is a compound that is commonly used as an enzyme substrate for glycogen synthase kinase (GSK). It is activated by GSK-3β and has been shown to inhibit the activity of this enzyme. This compound has also been found to have inhibitory effects on other enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase and lactate dehydrogenase. Additionally, 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside exhibits antifungal activity against various fungi, including those resistant to other antifungal agents such as fluopyram and prothioconazole. Its mechanism of action involves interfering with ergosterol biosynthesis, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. Furthermore, this compound has potential applications in the development of new drugs targeting GSK-3β and β-catenin signaling pathways, which are implicated in various diseases including cancer and neuro</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl a-L-rhamnoside is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of alpha-L-rhamnosidase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl a-L-rhamnoside is used in bacterial rhamnose metabolism studies (e.g. E. coli).</p>

<p>2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside is a chromogenic substrate for beta-glucosidases. In biochemical enzyme assays and in vitro diagnostics analysis, the substrate is used to monitor the glycosyltransferase activity. When 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside is cleaved by beta-glucosidase, 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol is released and quantified.</p>

<p>Esculetin-7-beta-D-galactopyranoside, also known as 6,7-Dihydroxycoumaryl-7-beta-D-galactopyranoside, is a fluorogenic substrate used in the detection of beta-galactosidase activity. This coumarin derivative, when hydrolyzed, yields esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin) which, in the presence of iron salts, forms a brown-black complex.</p>

<p>Aldol® 467 beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria grown in liquid or solid media, yielding yellow coloration and green fluorescence. Aldol® 467 beta-D-galactopyranoside can also be used in beta-galactosidase gene reporter assays or immunoassay applications (ELISA). Aldol® 467 beta-D-galactopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.</p>

<p>2-Nitrophenyl b-D-cellobioside heptaacetate is a chromogenic enzyme substrate used to assay for cellobiohydrolase activity. The substrate undergoes enzymatic hydrolysis, releasing 2-nitrophenol which can then be detected via absorbance at 400 nm. This type of substrate is also used for the analysis of cellulose and hemicelluloses in plant materials. The heptaacetate modification enhances solubility, making it ideal for use in organic solvents, and it also protects against unwanted hydrolysis by acid or alkali. The substrate can be used in a variety of applications, including enzyme assay development, screening for inhibitors or activators, and in the study of the mode of action and substrate specificity of cellulase enzymes.</p>

<p>Glycyl-glycine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin hydrochloride is a synthetic peptide substrate used as a fluorogenic substrate for aminopeptidase.</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl 6-O-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorescent substrate for the enzyme β-D-galactosidase. It is used in the detection of β-D-galactosidase activity in the diagnosis of various diseases, including celiac disease and AIDS. 4-Methylumbelliferyl 6-O-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-b-D-glucopyranoside can also be used as a chromogenic or fluorogenic substrate for chemiluminescent detection of β-D-galactosidase activity. The conjugate with horseradish peroxidase can be used to detect hydrogen peroxide in water samples, such as drinking water, wastewater, and surface waters. 4MUG has been shown to have high purity and is CAS No. 78761–35–4.</p>

<p>Dehydroluciferin is a synthetic analogue of luciferin, which is naturally found in fireflies. It has a high resistance to degradation by the target enzymes and is used as a substrate in chemiluminescent assays. Dehydroluciferin reacts with luciferase to produce light that can be measured using a photomultiplier tube. The light emission is proportional to the amount of enzyme activity present in the sample and may be used to determine the presence of specific enzymes in test samples. This compound also reacts with disulfide bonds, which are found in proteins, such as cytochrome P450, that are involved in metabolism.</p>

<p>Chromogenic substrate for carboxylesterase and lipase. 2-naphthol is released upon hydrolyzation. By simultaneous coupling with a diazonium salt, the corresponding azo-dye is formed. Naphthols can also be detected by fluorescence analysis. Used in an colorimetric assay for the extracellular lipase of Pseudomonas fluorescens B52.</p>

<p>L-Lysyl-L-alanine 7-amido-4-methylcoumarin dihydrochloride is a fluorogenic peptide substrate for aminopeptidase. This AMC peptide substrate is normally used to rapidly profile the N-terminal specificity of proteases.</p>

<p>Singlet Oxygen Chemiluminescence Probe, SOCL</p>

<p>Coelenterazine cp is a coelenterazine analog for Renilla luciferase. In certain studies, it has been shown to be highly sensitive for the detection of human papilloma virus (HPV) and can be used in the diagnosis of cervical cancer.</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-apiofuranoside is a fluorescent substrate that is used in the detection of enzyme activity. It is a yellow crystalline powder with a melting point of 132°C and an optical rotation of +27°. 4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-apiofuranoside can be used as a conjugate for fluorescence, chemiluminescence, or bioluminescence detection of enzymes such as β-galactosidase, phosphatases, esterases, and peroxidases. It is also used to stain cells and tissues for microscopic analysis. This product has been tested for its effects on the environment and found to have little potential for harm to the environment. 4-Methylumbelliferyl beta-D-apiofuranoside has been shown to be high purity with no significant impurities detected in testing. The chemical has shown high quality characteristics in</p>

<p>Modified naphtol AS substrate used in histochemical and cytochemical staining</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl phosphate, dilithium salt hydrate is a chromogenic substrate used to detect the specific enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase. After cleavage, 5-bromo-4-chloro-indoxyl is released, resulting in a blue to blue-green color change in bacterial colonies or media. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl phosphate, dilithium salt hydrate is used in ELISA and molecular biology assays such as lacZ reporter systems.</p>

<p>3-Indoxyl phosphate p-toluidine salt is a secretor of blood group A. It is used in the detection of the presence of alkaline phosphatase in serum and other body fluids. This compound has been shown to be an isoform of 3-indoxyl phosphate with a molecular mass of about 4,000 daltons. It is also used as a substrate for gel electrophoresis and filtration experiments. The purified form of this compound has been shown to have an alkaline phosphatase activity that is ˜4 times greater than that found in human serum and intestinal extracts.</p>

<p>Chromogenic sulfatase substrate</p>