Metabolism

Compound 10 (h15-LOX-2 inhibitor 2) suppresses h15-LOX activity, exhibiting IC 50 and K i values of 26.9 μM and 16.4 μM, respectively.

NAD Synthetase is responsible for the final step in the synthesis of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD). The enzyme sourced from Escherichia coli exhibits Km values of 200 μM for NAD, 11 μM for ATP, and 0.65 μM for ammonia. Conversely, NAD Synthetase derived from yeast demonstrates Km values of 170 μM for NAD, 190 μM for ATP, and 64 μM for ammonia. This enzyme is applicable in enzymatic assays for ATP, ammonia, urea, or creatinine and can also be used in enzymatic recycling methods. Additionally, NAD Synthetase holds potential for research into metabolic diseases, cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders.

<p>IONIS PTP1BRx (ISIS 404173) sodium, an antisense inhibitor of protein tyrene phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B), exhibits antidiabetic properties. This compound is utilzed in researching insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with obesity.</p>

<p>Tpp-CAQK, a specially engineered mitochondrial compound, has been shown to improve phagocytosis of myelin debris by macrophages, reduce mitochondrial dysfunction and pro-inflammatory features, and enhance tissue repair and functional recovery in mice after spinal cord injury.</p>

<p>Maurocalcine TFA acts as an agonist for ryanodine receptor (RyR) channels 1, 2, and 3, demonstrating cell-penetrating capabilities. It induces binding of [3H]ryanodine to RyR1 with an EC50 of 2558 nM and exhibits an apparent affinity of 14 nM for RyR2. This compound is applicable for in vivo cell tracking or other cellular imaging techniques.</p>

<p>Epoxide hydrolase, an enzyme responsible for catalyzing the reaction of epoxides with water to convert epoxy groups into diols, plays a crucial role in the metabolism of environmental pollutants and lipids. It is instrumental in detoxification, inflammatory responses, and regulating the health of the cardiovascular system. Additionally, Epoxide hydrolase is used in asymmetric catalytic reactions, such as the asymmetric ring-opening of epoxides, which are important for the synthesis of chiral pharmaceutical molecules.</p>

<p>FPI-1523 sodium, avibactam derivative; β-lactamase inhibitor (Kd: CTX-M-15, 4nM; OXA-48, 34nM); PBP2 inhibitor (IC50, 3.2μM); strong antibacterial.</p>

Diacetinase, a member of the esterase family, catalyzes the hydrolysis of glyceryl diacetate (Diacetin). It is utilized in the measurement of lipase activity.

<p>Sorbitol-6-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase, a dehydrogenase enzyme produced by Escherichia coli, catalyzes the interconversion of D-sorbitol 6-phosphate and D-fructose 6-phosphate. The enzyme oxidizes D-sorbitol 6-phosphate at a rate ten times faster than it reduces D-fructose 6-phosphate, playing a role in various cellular processes.</p>

<p>Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) functions as a gonadotropin that enhances follicular development and ovulation in animals. This compound operates by modulating blood hormones, gonadotropins, and cytoplasmic estradiol receptors in the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus. Commonly employed in livestock to boost reproductive efficiency, PMSG is also valuable for research focused on estrous cycle regulation.</p>

<p>MPC-IN-1 (compound 4i), a derivative of UK-5099, is a cyanocinnamate-based inhibitor of the mitochondrial pyruvate transporter (MPC). This compound selectively fosters the development of hair follicle stem cells while not impacting normal cells. It enhances cellular lactate production and has shown significant hair growth promotion in mice, suggesting its potential use in combating hair loss.</p>

<p>Compound 7a, Methyl (5α,7α)-7-hydroxy-3-oxocholan-24-oate, is a metabolite of bile acid.</p>

<p>Sinbaglustat (OGT2378), an oral N-alkyl iminosugar, inhibits GCS/GBA2 and treats lysosomal storage and neurodegenerative disorders.</p>

<p>sLeX: sialylated, fucosylated tetrasaccharide, ligand for selectins, inhibits neutrophil recruitment.</p>

<p>DSPE-PEG1000-LTLRWVGLMS is a PEG compound composed of DSPE and the decapeptide (LTLRWVGLMS). The receptor for LLRWVGLMS is the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan NG2. LLRWVGLMS demonstrates homing to pericytes associated with tumor vasculature. DSPE-PEG1000-LTLRWVGLMS can be utilized for drug delivery.</p>

<p>FXIIa-IN-1 HCl is a selective inhibitor of Factor XIIa,and can be used to study thrombosis and inflammation induced by artificial surfaces.</p>

<p>2S,4R-Sacubitril is the impurity of Sacubitril. Sacubitril is used in combination with valsartan for the treatment of patients with heart failure.</p>

<p>DSPE-PEG5000-TH is a PEG compound formed from DSPE and the pH-responsive cell-penetrating peptide (TH). In acidic environments like the tumor microenvironment, TH is activated, allowing it to selectively deliver small molecules, oligonucleotides, proteins, and similar substances into tumor cells.</p>

<p>9(S)-HOTrE is a plant metabolite and octadecatrienoic acid produced by the action of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) on α-linolenic acid.</p>

<p>(±)13-HODE cholesteryl ester was originally extracted from atherosclerotic lesions and shown to be produced by Cu2+-catalyzed oxidation of LDL.</p>