Metabolism

8(Z),14(Z)-Eicosadienoic Acid, an ω-8 C20:2 fatty acid, constitutes 0.19% of total fatty acids in human milk. In vivo, it is converted by desaturases into eicosatrienoic acids, known for their potent vasodilator properties. However, the physiological effects of 8(Z),14(Z)-Eicosadienoic Acid remain unexplored.

BMS-185411 is a bio-active chemical.

N-Oleoyl taurine, an amino-acyl endocannabinoid isolated from rat brain, along with several arachidonoyl amino acids such as N-arachidonoyl dopamine and N-arachidonoyl serine, have been derived from bovine brain. Mass spectral lipidomics analysis of rat brain revealed a series of fatty acyl amides of taurine, marking the discovery of a new class of compounds. These compounds, found in the kidney, are known to activate members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of calcium channels, with N-Oleoyl taurine specifically potentially activating TRPV1 and TRPV4 channels.

1,3-Dipalmitoyl glycero-2-phosphatidylethanolamine is a phospholipid incorporating saturated long-chain (16:0) stearic acid at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions, with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) at the sn-2 position. Phosphatidylethanolamines, critical components of biological membranes, play essential structural and functional roles. Various PE types are instrumental in forming micelles, liposomes, and other synthetic membranes.

Ramipril diketopiperazine acid represents a potential impurity identified within commercial ramipril formulations.

5-Methylchrysene, a carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with four fused rings, functions as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist. It is generated through the incomplete combustion of organic matter and primarily detected in gasoline exhaust and tobacco smoke. Additionally, 5-Methylchrysene can be converted into mutagenic metabolites by cytochrome P450 enzymes 1A1 and 1B1.

hUP1-IN-1 potassium (compound 6a), a hUP1 inhibitor, demonstrates inhibitory activity with Ki and Kis values of 375 nM and 635 nM, respectively. It achieves 70% inhibition of hUP1-catalyzed reactions at a concentration of 1 μM. This compound is utilized in cancer research [1].

CoPoP, a liposome-based vaccine adjuvant, holds potential for application in cancer research [1].

14S(15R)-EET methyl ester, an oxylipin derived from arachidonic acid through cytochrome P450 metabolism, demonstrates specific biological activities. It exhibits affinity for isolated guinea pig monocytes, evidenced by a competitive binding assay with a Ki value of 612.5 nM using [3H]14(15)-EET. This compound notably enhances the dilation of precontracted isolated canine epicardial arterioles (EC50= 4 pM) and denuded porcine subepicardial arterioles (EC50= 3 pM), indicating potent vasodilatory effects. Unlike its isomer 14R(15S)-EET, 14S(15R)-EET methyl ester does not inhibit COX activity in enzyme assays or affect isolated platelets, highlighting its distinct functional profile.

Enteropeptidase-IN-1: orally active, potent inhibitor, low systemic exposure, for anti-obesity research.

1,3-Dioleoyl-2-octanoyl glycerol, a triacylglycerol, features oleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions and octanoic acid at the sn-2 position. Its utility lies in the characterization of R. oryzae lipase functionality, specifically for regiodistribution analysis of fats that comprise medium- and short-chain fatty acids.

Chloramine-T serves as a versatile reagent in numerous synthetic procedures, including aminohydroxylation, allylic amination, as a nitrogen source in aziridination reactions of alkenes and olefins, and for the deprotection of thio groups in sulfur-containing molecules. Additionally, it plays a role in the synthesis of Factor Xa inhibitors. At a concentration of 0.2% w/v, Chloramine-T acts as an effective antiseptic agent with bactericidal properties against S. epidermidis, S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli, P. mirabilis, and E. cloacae.

2-Deoxy-D-galactose is a glucose analog and glucose antagonist that inhibits the maintenance of hippocampal LTP.

CM-10-18: potent ER α-glucosidase inhibitor, strong antiviral against hemorrhagic fever viruses, protects mice from dengue fatality.

1,2-Dipalmitoyl-3-myristoyl-rac-glycerol, a triacylglycerol, incorporates palmitic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, along with myristic acid at the sn-3 position, and is identified in bovine milk fat.

Selenocystine, a broad-spectrum anticancer agent, effectively induces DNA damage, notably DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), in HepG2 cells, showcasing

CI-1044 is an inhibitor of PDE4 (IC50s: 0.29, 0.08, 0.56, 0.09 μM for PDE4A5, PDE4B2, PDE4C2 and PDE4D3).

Phenylarsine Oxide (Oxophenylarsine) is a membrane-permeable tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 18 µM that stimulates 2-deoxyglucose transport

GTPγS tetralithium (Guanosine 5'-[γ-thio]triphosphate tetralithium) is a G-protein activator and a non-hydrolyzable GTP analog.

C2 Dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/2:0) (C2 Dihydroceramide) is a ceramide that is a precursor of ceramide synthesis and stimulates ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux.