Metabolism

C24:1 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:1/24:1(15Z)) is a lipid molecule that can be used in life science related research. The CAS number of C24:1 1-Deoxyceramide (m18:1/24:1(15Z)) is 1246298-58-7.

13,14-Dihydro-15(R)-Prostaglandin E1 (13,14-dihydro-15(R)-PGE1) is an analog of 13,14-dihydro-PGE1 characterized by its R-configured hydroxyl group at the C-15 position [1].

MK-8245 analog is an analog of MK-8245 which is a liver-targeted Inhibitor of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD).

Tridecafluorohexane-1-sulfonic acid potassium salt is a perfluorinated anionic surfactant used in electroplating as a chromium fog inhibitor, a humidifier, and an additive to fluoroprotein foam fire extinguishing agents.

DAO-IN-1 (compound 10) is a potent DAO (D -amino acid oxidase) inhibitor that ameliorates schizophrenia by increasing D -serine levels in the brain.

SM-32504 is a potent inhibitor of ACAT.

ICMT-IN-31 (compound 68) serves as an ICMT inhibitor, demonstrating significant potency with an IC50 value of 0.0038 μM [1].

DPM-1001 trihydrochloride: Potent PTP1B inhibitor, IC50 100 nM, oral, non-competitive, anti-diabetic.

Hemipyocyanine (528-71-2) is the virulence factor of Gram-negative, aerobic rod bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hemipyocyanine is an α-Amylase inhibitor.

PF-915275 inhibits 11βHSD1 in humans (Ki=2.3 nM, EC50=15 nM) and affects cortisone-cortisol conversion in hepatocytes.

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) have emerged as significant regulators of metabolic processes, influenced by dietary changes such as fasting and high-fat diets, and are linked to improved insulin sensitivity in mice. These compounds typically feature a fatty acid chain, either C-16 or C-18 in length (for example, palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid), esterified to a hydroxy fatty acid of similar length. A specific FAHFA, 12-POHSA, involves the esterification of palmitoleic acid to the 12th carbon of stearic acid. Notably, 12-POHSA levels are markedly higher in the serum of AG4OX mice, which exhibit enhanced glucose tolerance due to overexpression of the Glut4 glucose transporter in adipose tissue. Given the capacity of FAHFAs to enhance glucose tolerance, stimulate insulin secretion, and exert anti-inflammatory actions, 12-POHSA holds potential as a bioactive lipid implicated in managing metabolic syndrome and inflammation.

CJ-463, a selective uPA blocker, shows strong anti-tumor effect, especially at 100mg/kg, potentially treating lung cancer.

"Lipid AX4, characterized as an ionizable cationic lipid with a pKa of 6.89, facilitates the formation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for in vivo mRNA delivery [1]."

1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-stearoyl-rac-glycerol, a primary triacylglycerol in cocoa butter, features palmitic acid (at the sn-1 position), oleic acid (at the sn-2 position), and stearic acid (at the sn-3 position).

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are endogenous lipids that are influenced by fasting and high-fat diets and linked to improved insulin sensitivity in mice. These compounds typically feature a chain of either 16 or 18 carbon atoms (for example, palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) esterified with a hydroxy fatty acid chain of similar length. One specific FAHFA, known as 5-OAHSA, consists of oleic acid bonded to the fifth carbon of hydroxy stearic acid. Within the FAHFA family, OAHSAs exhibit the highest serum levels in AG4OX mice, which are known for their glucose tolerance attributed to the overexpression of the Glut4 glucose transporter in adipose tissue.

ICMT-IN-6 (compound 29) serves as an inhibitor of isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase (ICMT), exhibiting an inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) value of

ICMT-IN-23 (compound 36) serves as an inhibitor of ICMT, exhibiting a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.123 μM [1].

17(S)-HDoTE, a metabolite of adrenic acid, is synthesized through the action of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) via a 17-HpDoTE intermediate.

JNJ-10258859 is a potent, and selective phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor with a K(i) of 0.23 nM.

AR453588 is an orally bioavailable anti-diabetic glucokinase activator (EC50: 42 nM) with anti-hyperglycemic activity.

12,15-Epoxy-13-methyl-12,14-eicosadienoic acid, a furan fatty acid first identified in northern pike (E. lucius), exhibits elevated levels in the liver of starving cod.

CI-1044 is an inhibitor of PDE4 (IC50s: 0.29, 0.08, 0.56, 0.09 μM for PDE4A5, PDE4B2, PDE4C2 and PDE4D3).

Compound 105 (h15-LOX-2 inhibitor 1) is a potent inhibitor of human epithelial 15-lipoxygenase-2 (h15-LOX-2), exhibiting an IC50 of 0.34 μM [1].

OSMI-1: cell-permeable OGT inhibitor, blocks O-GlcNAcylation (IC50: 2.7 μM), no effect on other cell glycans.

LY-338979 is an impurity of pemetrexedone.

SH-BC-893: Oral anti-cancer sphingolipid analog, prevents ceramide-related mitochondrial issues, and tackles diet-related obesity.

HIF-2α-IN-13 (18) acts as a HIF-2α inhibitor and exhibits an IC 50 value of 2.7 μM.

1,3-Dipalmitoyl-2-stearoyl glycerol, a triacylglycerol, incorporates palmitic acid at the sn-1 and sn-3 positions and stearic acid at the sn-2 position. This compound's levels diminish in rats experiencing an energy deficit due to restricted food intake, in contrast to those in fed rats.

Magmas-IN-1 (compound 9), a small molecule Magmas inhibitor (SMMI), targets the mitochondria-associated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF

GSK2647544 inhibits Lp-PLA2, a pro-inflammatory enzyme from macrophages, orally active, calcium-independent.

(R)-Avanafil ((R)-TA1790) is a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor with an IC50 of 5.2 nM, utilized for the research of erectile dysfunction [1

BMS-654457 is a small-molecule, reversible inhibitor of factor XIa (FXIa; Kis: 0.2 and 0.42 nM for human and rabbit FXIa).

MeIm (compound 7), a peptide mimetic targeting PCSK9, exhibits cholesterol-lowering properties by enhancing the cellular uptake of LDL (EC 50 = 6.04 μM) and obstructing PCSK9's interaction with LDLR (IC 50 = 11.2 μM). This compound is useful for research in cardiovascular diseases.

ICMT-IN-49 (Compound 2) acts as an ICMT inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.12 μM [1].

ICMT-IN-22 (compound 62) acts as an ICMT inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.63 μM [1].

TMP778 is an effective and selective RORγt inverse agonist (IC50: 7 nM in FRET assay).

L-hydroxylysine dihydrochloride , is formed by posttranslational hydroxylation of some lysine residues. It is an amino acid, is exclusive to collagen protein.

Clocortolone pivalate, a synthetic steroid, treats dermatitis and psoriasis.

WT IDH1 Inhibitor 2 blocks wild-type and R132H mutant IDH1 (IC50: 120 nM); related to GSK321.

DOG-IM4 is a chemical compound instrumental in synthesizing nanoparticles for delivering antigen-encoding nucleic acids, targeting a broad range of conditions including autoimmune diseases, rare blood or metabolic disorders, allergies, cancer, and infectious diseases [1].

DORI, a cationic lipid, efficiently delivers plasmid DNA in vitro, exhibiting lower cytotoxicity and high transfection efficiency [1].

MGAT2-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of acyl CoA:monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (MGAT2) (IC50 of 3.4 nM).

AR453588 hydrochloride is an orally bioavailable anti-diabetic glucokinase activator (EC50: 42 nM) with anti-hyperglycemic activity.

inhibitor of both glial and neuronal uptake of glutamate, aspartate and cysteate.

"(±)-2'-Hydroxy Ceramide (d18:0/18:0) is a sphingomyelin derivative isolated from mammalian platelets upon ADP stimulation [1]."

14,15-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET), derived from Arachidonic acid metabolism, significantly inhibits platelet aggregation in vivo and enhances

DGAT1-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of diacylglycerol O- acyltransferase type 1(DGAT1, IC50 of < 10 nM).

11β-13,14-Dihydro-15-keto PGF2α, a PGD2 metabolite in the 15-hydroxy PGDH pathway, is formed in human males upon infusion or inhalation of tritiated PGD2, with peak plasma levels of both 11β-PGF2α and 11β-13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2α observed within 10 minutes. In human lung homogenates, PGD2 is metabolized firstly to 11β-PGF2α and subsequently to 11β-15-keto-PGF2α in the presence of NAD+, but not to 11β-13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2α. Conversely, guinea pig liver and kidney homogenates can metabolize PGD2 to 11β-13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2α via 11β-PGF2α, with both NAD+ and NADP+ being requisite for this conversion.

ICMT-IN-1 (compound 75) is a potent ICMT inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.0013 μM.

E-5324 is potent cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor (IC50s: 44 to 190 nM).

Tetrahydro-11-dehydrocorticosterone is an inhibitor of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase [1].

1-Myristoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol, a triacylglycerol, features myristic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid at the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions, respectively. This compound is prevalent in mature human milk, infant formula fats, and butterfat.

FAAH/cPLA2α-IN-1 is a compound that simultaneously inhibits both FAAH and cPLA2α, demonstrating potent activity with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (

19(R)-hydroxy PGF2α, an ω-1 hydroxylase metabolite of PGF2α present in human semen, exhibits a concentration of approximately 20 µg/ml for both 19(R)-hydroxy PG compounds (F2α and F1α) in fresh samples. This compound demonstrates no activity at the FP receptor of the cat iris sphincter muscle at concentrations up to 1 µM.

Siguazodan (SKF 94836) is an effective, selective, orally active phosphodiesterase III ((PDE-III)) inhibitor with an IC50 of 117 nM.

N-Palmitoyl taurine, an amino-acyl endocannabinoid prominent in rat brain lipidomics profiling, accompanies multiple arachidonoyl amino acids isolated from bovine brain, including N-arachidonoylethanolamine (NADA) and N-arachidonoyl serine (ARA-S). Mass spectral lipidomic analysis of rat brain additionally revealed a series of fatty acyl amides with taurine. The function of N-Palmitoyl taurine is under investigation.

glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor

PTP1B-IN-20: Selective PTP1B inhibitor, IC50=1.05μM; less effective on TCPTP (IC50=78μM), targets type 2 diabetes.

Lithium benzoate, an aromatic alcohol present in numerous plants, commonly serves as an additive in food, beverages, cosmetics, and various other products. This compound exhibits antibacterial and antifungal properties, functioning effectively as a preservative [1].

sEH/AChE-IN-4-15 is a dual sEH and AChE inhibitor crossing the BBB, with IC50s: 3.1 nM (hsEH), 1660 nM (hAChE), 179 nM (hBChE), 14.5 nM (msEH), 102 nM (mAChE).

Tetramyristoylcardiolipin (TMCL), an anionic lipid, plays a crucial role in studying cell membrane function and drug delivery mechanisms [1].

20-HETE Inhibitor-1 (Comp 83) serves as an inhibitor of 20-HETE formation [1].

PDP-EA is an activator of fatty acid amide hydrolase(FAAH) and enhances the amidohydrolase activity of FAAH.

FR-234938 is a non-nucleoside adenosine deaminase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity.

Niraxostat (Y-700) is one of the isocytosine derivatives as xanthine oxidase inhibitors.

KD-026 (SLx 4090), a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) inhibitor(IC50 = 8.0 nM), is used in type 2 diabetes studies.

1-Palmitoyl-2-arachidoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol, a triacylglycerol, incorporates palmitic acid, arachidic acid, and oleic acid at the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions, respectively, and is identified in cod liver oil.

ICMT-IN-37 (compound 41) serves as an inhibitor of ICMT with an IC50 value of 0.308 μM [1].

Iomazenil is an antagonist and partial inverse agonist of benzodiazepine and potential therapy for alcohol abuse.

PDE12-IN-3 is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 12 (PDE12) (pXC50 of 7.68),with antiviral activity.

ATX inhibitor 17, a powerful ATX inhibitor, exhibits an IC50 value of 0.019 µM, demonstrating significant anti-proliferative effects in breast cancer cells.

ICMT-IN-21 (compound 6ag) is an ICMT inhibitor with an IC50 value of 8.8 µM, featuring sulfonamide-modified farnesyl cysteine (SMFC).

15(S)-HEDE is produced from 11Z,14Z-eicosadienoic acid by 15-LO. 15(S)-HEDE is an inhibitor of RBL-1 cell 5-LO with an IC50 value of 26 μM.

Biliverdin, produced through the oxidation of bilirubin, can also be synthesized through a non-protoporphyrin pathway in Corynebacterium glutamicum [1].

5,6-dehydro Arachidonic acid, an arachidonic acid analog with a 5,6 acetylene, inhibits 5-LO; Ki=15 μM in RBL cells, IC50=10 μM in guinea pig leukocytes.

GLX481304 is a selective Nox-2 and Nox-4 inhibitor, exhibiting IC50 values of 1.25 μM.

XR3054 is a farnesyl protein transferase inhibitor that blocks proliferation in certain cancer cells, not dependent on ras mutation status.

Phytomonic acid, a saturated fatty acid with a cyclopropane ring structure that behaves similarly to a double bond, predominates in gram-negative bacteria L. arabinosus, protozoa, and the seed oil of B. coccineus (Connaraceae). This compound may play a role in regulating cell membrane fluidity.

(±)-HIP-A is an excitatory amino acid transporter blocker.

LNK754 is a farnesyltransferase inhibitor. It is used for the treatment of cancer and Alzheimer's disease.

(R)-IDO/TDO-IN-1 (compound 25), an indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor, demonstrates good pharmacokinetic properties and exerts anti-tumor effects in the MC38 xenograft model. This compound exhibits synergy when combined with the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (SHR-1210) [1].

MMV009085 is a potent inhibitor of the Plasmodium falciparum hexose transporter (Pf HT1), with potential as an anti-malarial agent.

1,2-Dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(2R)-glycerol is a type of phosphoglycerol characterized by the presence of lauric acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1443]

MK-0736 hydrochloride is a potent and selective 11β-HSD-1 inhibitor.

PHD-IN-2 (Compound 91), a potent PHD antagonist with an IC50 of less than 5 nM, effectively stimulates erythropoietin synthesis in HEP3B cells with an EC50 of

ICMT-IN-41 (compound 20) serves as a potent inhibitor of isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase (ICMT), demonstrating an IC50 value of 0.069 μM [1].

ICMT-IN-19 (compound 53) serves as a potent inhibitor of ICMT, demonstrating an IC50 value of 0.026 μM [1].

TID43, a CK2 inhibitor, exhibits potent inhibition with an IC50 value of 0.3 μM. It is applicable in anti-angiogenic research [1].

ICMT-IN-36 (compound 40) serves as an ICMT inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 0.181 μM [1].

NUCC-0223619 is an IDO1 inhibitor that induces the degradation of IDO protein and can be involved in the synthesis of PROTAC.