Nucleosides and Nucleotides

<p>LY404187 is a positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptors</p>

<p>VAS2870 is an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase (NOX).</p>

<p>Nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR) is an inhibitor of ENT1 transporter that binds to ENT1 transporter with high affinity.</p>

<p>Bictegravir (GS-9883) is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase (IC50: 7.5 nM).</p>

<p>Cladribine (2CdA), an adenosine deaminase inhibitor, is utilized in the treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases.</p>

<p>CNQX disodium is a competitive non-NMDA receptor antagonist and competitive AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist in neuronal cultures.</p>

<p>Desciclovir (DCV), a prodrug of the antiherpetic agent acyclovir (ACV), is converted in humans to ACV, presumably by xanthine oxidase.</p>

<p>Enprofylline (Enprofilina), a bronchodilator, acts primarily as a competitive nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor.</p>

<p>Nelarabine (GW 506U78) is a purine nucleoside analog and DNA synthesis inhibitor with IC50 from 0.067-2.15 μM in tumor cells.</p>

<p>Deoxycytidine triphosphate trisodium salt (2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE TRISODI) contributes to antibiotic lethality in stationary-phase mycobacteria.</p>

<p>Azvudine (FNC) is a powerful NRTI effective against HIV, HBV, HCV, and resistant strains.</p>

<p>Diquafosol Tetrasodium is a P2Y2 receptor agonist that stimulates the secretion of mucins from ocular tissues Diquafosol tetrasodium (INS365) improves tear film</p>

<p>dCTP is a nucleotide used in DNA synthesis, PCR, cDNA creation, and sequencing.</p>

<p>Creatine, an amino acid in vertebrates, forms phosphocreatine in muscle, aids energy transfer, is made in the liver, and mainly stored in muscles.</p>

<p>Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) is a natural nucleotide derived from the dephosphorylation of ATP. ADP induces platelet aggregation. Cost effective and quality assured.</p>

<p>Lamivudine (BCH-189) is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor and ZALCITABINE analog in which a sulfur atom replaces the 3' carbon of the pentose ring.</p>

<p>Melamine is used for making resin, and forms in mammals after eating cyromazine.</p>

<p>Uridine triphosphate trisodium salt (UTP, Trisodium Salt) is a nucleotide.</p>

<p>ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) provides cellular energy, participates in overall energy balance, and maintains intracellular homeostasis.</p>

<p>Adefovir: acyclic nucleoside phosphonate, reverse transcriptase inhibitor for hepatitis B and herpes treatment.</p>

<p>Cabotegravir (S/GSK1265744) (GSK744, GSK1265744) is a long-acting HIV integrase inhibitor and inhibits the HIV-1 integrase catalyzed strand transfer reaction (</p>

<p>2-Aminopurine is a double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase R (PKR) inhibitor.</p>

<p>Caroverine HCL: Blocks NMDA/AMPA receptors, antioxidant, calcium-blocker, and vasorelaxant, used for tinnitus research.</p>

<p>Cidofovir ((S)-HPMPC) 通过特异性抑制病毒 DNA 合成来抑制病毒复制。</p>

<p>CX516 (Ampalex), an ampakine and nootropic, acts as an AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator as a therapy for Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and MCI.</p>

<p>S29434 (NMDPEF) is a potent, competitiveinhibitor of quinone reductase 2 (QR2;IC50:5-16nM).</p>

<p>Inosine (NSC-20262), an endogenous purine nucleoside produced by the catabolism of adenosine, is an agonist of adenosine receptors A1R and A2AR. Low-Cost!</p>

<p>Peramivir Trihydrate (RWJ-270201) is a neuraminidase inhibitor (IC50: 0.09 nM) which prevents normal processing of virus particles such that virus particles are</p>

<p>Dapagliflozin (BMS-512148) is a selective sodium-glucose co-transporter subtype 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor with antihyperglycemic activity.</p>

<p>Cangrelor tetrasodium is a reversible and selective antagonist of platelet P2Y12, with prompt and potent antiplatelet effects.</p>

<p>Etravirine (R165335) is a diarylpyrimidine non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor.</p>

IDRA-21 is a positive AMPA receptor modulator.

<p>Levomefolate calcium is an artificial form of folate. It is a coenzymated form of folic acid and a more bioavailable alternative in dietary supplements.</p>

<p>Dexelvucitabine (RVT), a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, is used potentially for the treatment of HIV infection.</p>

<p>Cidofovir dihydrate: Injectable anti-CMV; suppresses CMV by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; treats CMV retinitis in AIDS.</p>

<p>Fludarabine Phosphate (NSC 312887 Phosphate) is a fluorinated nucleotide antimetabolite analog of the antiviral agent vidarabine with antineoplastic activity.</p>

<p>Hibifolin is a flavonol glycoside natural product,is a potential inhibitor of adenosine deaminase (Ki of 49.92 μM).</p>

<p>1,5-Isoquinolinediol, a PARP1 inhibitor (IC50: 0.39 μM), is used in DNA repair and cell death studies.</p>

<p>Dilazep dihydrochloride inhibits adenosine uptake, ischemia, nucleoside transport, platelet aggregation, and acts as a vasodilator.</p>

<p>Remdesivir (GS-5734) is a nucleoside analog, a broad-spectrum antiviral compound that exerts its activity by inhibiting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of</p>

<p>Uridine (Uridin) is a nucleoside compound, a base that makes up RNA, that replaces thymine in DNA during transcriptione. Cost-effective and quality-assured.</p>

<p>AMP is a purine nucleotide, vital in cell signaling and energy regulation, and inhibits EC 3.1.3.11 and 3.1.3.1, also an A1 receptor agonist.</p>

<p>GKT136901 (AK120765) is an inhibitor of NOX1/4.It acts as Selective and Direct Scavenger of Peroxynitrite</p>

<p>NADPH tetrasodium salt is the reduced form of the electron acceptor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, which acts as an electron donor in a variety of</p>

<p>NADPH tetracyclohexanamine (NADPH (tetracyclohexanamine)) is a cofactor and biological reducing agent.</p>

<p>Thiamine pyrophosphate, a vitamin B1 derivative, is a coenzyme in transketolase studies for decarboxylation in biology.</p>

<p>ASP-9521 is a selective, potent and orally active indole-based AKR1C3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 11 nM for human AKR1C3.Cost-effective and quality-assured.</p>

<p>Rabeprazole sodium treats stomach ulcers and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, blocking ATPase in gastric cells.</p>

<p>Ganciclovir sodium, a sodium salt with anti-CMV and HSV-1 antiviral properties.</p>

<p>Didanosine (ddI) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor analog of adenosine (IC50: 0.49 μM).</p>

<p>Cytosine is a pyrimidine nucleic acid base; its deamination can cause mutations in leukemia and cancer.</p>

<p>Sofosbuvir (GS 7977) is a uridine monophosphate analog inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV) polymerase NS5B that is used as an antiviral agent in the treatment</p>

<p>Cytidine 5'-monophosphate (5'-Cytidylic acid) is a nucleotide, one of the basic units that make up RNA.</p>

<p>Applications Dapagliflozin Tetraacetate is a derivative of Dapagliflozin [D226255], a sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitor.<br>References Kasichayanula, S. et al.: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 13, 47 (2011); Bernhardson, D. et al.: Org. Proc. Res. Dev., 18, 57 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Capecitabine.<br>References Arellano, M., ET AL.: Br. J. Cancer, 77, 79 (1998), Budman, D., ET AL.: J. Clin. Oncol., 16, 1795 (1998), Khanna, R., et al.: Cancer Res., 60, 4725 (2000), Charasson, V., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 30, 731 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Viaminate is a pharmaceutical used to treat severe acne and other keratinization disorders. Viaminate can be taken orally, or topically in prepared gels and creams.<br>References Zhang, H.; et al.: Am. J. Med. Sci., 356, 84 (2018); Lu, J.; et al.: Zhongguo Yaofang, 22, 155 (2011); Li, G.: Zhonghua Yiyao Zazhi, 7, 536 (2007).<br></p>

<p>Applications A Cytidine (C998300) analog and also an isostere of Thymidine (T412000).<br>References Sabini, E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 51, 4219 (2008), Sabini, E., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 378, 607 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Zidovudine Impurity;<br>Stability Hygroscopic, Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications A metabolite of Zidovudine (3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine; AZT).<br>References Qian, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 48, 383 (1994), Diwan, B., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 161, 82 (1999) , Lim, S., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 276, 23616 (2001), Von Tungeln, L., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 23, 1427 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Entecavir. An oral antiviral drug used in the treatment of hepatitis B infection. A guanine analogue that inhhibits all three steps in the viral replication process.<br>References Innaimo, S.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 41, 1444 (1997), Honkoop, P., et al.: Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs, 12, 683 (2003), Chang, T.-T., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 354, 1001 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Lamivudine epimer.<br>References Chang, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 267, 13938 (1992), Jeong, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 181 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Sofosbuvir Metabolite GS331007<br>Applications RO 2433 is the deaminated metabolite of β-D-2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-2'-C-methylcytidine, an effective inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication in vitro.<br>References Asif, G., et. al.: Antimicrob. Agents Ch., 51, 2877 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3’,5’-Di-O-benzyl Entecavir is an intermediate in the preparation of the hepatitis B antiviral agent, Entecavir (E558900).<br>References Li, R. et al.: Zhong. Yao., 6, 292 (2008); Bisacchi, G.S. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 7, 127 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications Antiviral nucleoside analog, also an impurity found in emtricitabine (E525000).<br>References Jeong, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 181 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications Favipiravir is used for the treatment of advanced Ebola virus infection in a small animal model. Favipiravir suppressed the replication of Zaire Ebola virus and prevented a lethal outcome in 100% of the animals. Based on the studies, Favipiravir can be a candidate for the treatment of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Oestereich, L., et al.: Antiviral Res., 105, 17 (2014); Baranovich, T., et al.: J. Virol. 87, 3741 (2013); Chem. and Eng. News p.8, Dec. 1 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications A vitamin needed to synthesize DNA, conduct DNA repair and methylate DNA, it also acts as a cofactor in biological reactions involving folate.<br>References Xu, L., et al.: Mol. Pharm., 7, 1311 (2010), Everette, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 8139 (2010), Alshatwi, A., et al.: Food, Chem., Toxicol., 48, 1881 (2010), McKay, D., et al.: Nut. J., 9 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications trans-Abacavir Dihydrochloride is an impurity of Abacavir. Abacavir (A104990) is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.<br>References (1) Jackson, A., et al.: Antivir Ther. 17, 19 (2012) (2) Yuen, G. J., et al.: Clin Pharmacokinet. 47, 351 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Used in the characterization and elucidation of coordination requirements of adenine nucleotides complexes with Fe(II) ions.<br>References Richter, Y., et al.: Nucleos. Nucleot. Nucleic Acids, 22, 1757 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Folinic acid (Leucovorin) is a biofolic acid that can be used in the treatment of methotrexate, often in combination with Methotrexate (MTX) to reduce MTX-</p>

<p>Impurity Aciclovir EP Impurity F<br>Applications N2-Acetyl Acyclovir (Aciclovir EP Impurity F) is an impurity of Acyclovir (A192400).<br>References Balon, K., et al.: Pharm. Res., 16, 882 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the synthesis of ent-Emtricitabine (E525005).<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Famciclovir, an antiviral.<br>References Harnden, M.R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 32, 1738 (1989)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1R-Dapagliflozin is an isomer of Dapagliflozin (D185370), which is a sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitor.<br>References Kasichayanula, S. et al.: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 13, 47 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Didanosine EP Impurity D<br>Applications 3'-Deoxyinosine (Didanosine EP Impurity D) is an Inosine (I661000) analog with potential use as an antileishmanial drug. Used as an inhibiting agent in studies of Trypanosoma cruzi growth inside host cells in vitro. An impurity of the antiviral drug 2’,3’-Dideoxyinosine (D440950).<br>References Morishige, K. et al.: Exp. Parasitol., 80, 665 (1995); Aoki, T. et al.: Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 370, 499 (1994);<br></p>